Our own Country

The separation from England begins!!

Mayflower Compact (1620)

• Dutch Pilgrims came over on the Mayflower (ship)

• They wrote the 1st government/constitution

1st Direct Democracy

Puritans

Religious Dissenters

• Roger Williams

• Gov’t should be separate from religion

William Penn: Pennsylvania

Philadelphia: City of Brotherly Love

Created a Frame of Government: governor, council, and assembly

Quakers

Jamestown

Virginia House of Burgesses

• 1st representative democracy

• Legislative assembly: makes the laws

Virginia Troubles

• Nathaniel Bacon wanted protection against the natives

• The governor refused

Bacons Rebellion• He raised an army to fight the natives

• Bacon army marched to Jamestown to protest.

• Set fire to the colony

Triangle Trade Route

The Middle Passage

Slave Ships

3 types of colonies

• Joint stock colony: a business control the colony $$$

• Proprietary colony: friend of the king controls the colony.

• Royal: under direct control of the king.

Types of Government

Monarchy

• King or queen rule

Republic

• Citizens rule through elected representatives that create laws.

• Laws rule/ Control the Majority

Democracy

• People either rule directly or through elected representatives

• Majority Rule

Dictatorship/Totalitarian

• Where one person has complete power

Anarchy

• Where there is no government

Theocracy

• Religion rules the government

Magna Carta

• 1215: 1st English document to check the powers of the king: no one is above the law

• People cannot be deprived of life, liberty, property

• Right to a speedy trial/witness/justice

Natural Rights

• Everyone enters society with certain rights, that cannot be denied by anyone. This idea is from the Magna Carta.

British Identity

• Political: Monarchy, national gov’t

• Economic: ag, fishing, your work defined your rank

• Social: patriarchy, class based on wealth, English

Glorious Revolution 1688

• Change in leadership in England

• King James II was kicked out and replaced by his daughter Mary and her husband William.

• Shifted power from the monarchy to Parliament

English Parliament• Lawmaking body of

England.

• 2 houses/bicameral: 1. House of Lords

• 2. And House of Commons

– Head of the British government is called the Prime Minister

English Bill of Rights 1689

• Right to petition/Vote

• Right to a fair punishment/trial

• Parliament can raise an army

• Free elections

Virginia House of Burgesses

• 1st representative democracy

• Legislative assembly: makes the laws

Fundamental Orders of Connecticut

• Set up the gov’t of Conn.

• 1st written state constitution in the New World!

Maryland Act of Toleration

• Law requiring toleration of religion

• Freedom of Worship but only if you were Christian

Town Meetings

Great Awakening• 1st truly American Event• New denominations, spread of religion to frontier• “Sinners in the hands of an angry God”

Social Contract Theory

John Locke

American Identity

• Political: experimented with different gov’ts– Mayflower/House of Burgesses/FOC/

– Economic: Lots of land and natural resources, jobs based on choice (self made)

– Social: Religion, “Great Awakening”

Thomas Hobbes

John Locke

Baron de Montesquieu

Jean-Jacques Rousseau