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Understanding DWDM
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Traffic - The Future!
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The Optical Layer as the new mux fabric
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Physical Fiber Plant
WDM Optical Network
Sonet/SDH Sonet/SDH
ATM
ATM
IP
IP IP
IP
WDM multiplexing technology:The basis for Optical Networking
new layer is born: the Optical Layer
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Broadband ApplicationsBroadband Applications
IPIP
ATMATM
SDH / SONETSDH / SONET
Photonic layer: WDMPhotonic layer: WDM
The mainstream viewNew proposals
Future Broadband Network Layers
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U S A7 4 %
E u r o p e1 8 %
J a p a n / P a c R i m8 %
R O W
0 %
Geographical Distribution of DWDM Technology 1996/1997
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U S A5 4 %
E u r o p e
2 5 %
J a p a n / P a c R i m
1 4 %
R O W
7 %
Geographical Distribution of DWDM Technology 2001/2002
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1310 nm/1550 nm TDM point-to-point connections with opto-electrical regenerators
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Classic WDM point-to-point connection with opto-electrical regenerators
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OFA basics
TDM point-to-point connections with optical fiber amplifiers (OFAs)
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Transmission of multiple channels using WDM systems with 8, 16, 32, ... channels (multiplexing of 2.5 Gbit/s signals)
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Power levels of the individual carriers• to ensure even power distribution over the entire bandwidth• to notice immediately whether any channels have dropped outChannel wavelength / Channel spacing• to indicate possible wavelength shifts for individual laser sources Signal-to-noise ratio• to ensure that error-free transmission is possible in each data channelOverall power• to check the optical fiber amplifiers of the system• to check against safety limit of currently +17 dBmCrosstalk• to provide a quality indication for the system components (couplers, ...)
Power levels of the individual carriers• to ensure even power distribution over the entire bandwidth• to notice immediately whether any channels have dropped outChannel wavelength / Channel spacing• to indicate possible wavelength shifts for individual laser sources Signal-to-noise ratio• to ensure that error-free transmission is possible in each data channelOverall power• to check the optical fiber amplifiers of the system• to check against safety limit of currently +17 dBmCrosstalk• to provide a quality indication for the system components (couplers, ...)
DWDM test parameters
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DWDM spectrum and corresponding test parameters
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WDM
WDM
T X
T X
T X
T X
1
n
O S A -1 5 5
1...
n
1...
n
O F A
1
n
R X
R X
R X
R X
O F A
W a n d e l & G o l t e r m a n n
A D V A N C E D N E T W O R K T E S T E R
A N T - 2 0
W a n d e l & G o l t e r m a n n
F i b e r F O X W G O F T - 1 0
M a i n
S e t
?
S t a r tS t o p
DWDM measurements with an optical spectrum analyzer
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W a n d e l & G o l t e r m a n n
A D V A N C E D N E T W O R K T E S T E R
A N T - 2 0
W a n d e l & G o l t e r m a n n
F i b e r F O X W G O F T - 1 0
M a i n
S e t
?
S t a r tS t o p
OFA monitor output: 8 data signals and ASE spurious spectrum
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DWDM system with the recommended reference test points from ITU-T Rec. G.692
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100 GHz channel grid in the range 1530 to 1565 nm from ITU-T Rec. G.692
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Possible system wavelengths in the ITU-T 100 GHz channel grid
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RX RX TX TX
1 n...
1
n
W
D
M
W
D
M
O FA
1...
n
O FA
O S A -1 5 5
1...
n
W a n d e l & G o l t e r m a n n
A D V A N C E D N E T W O R K T E S T E R
A N T - 2 0
W a n d e l & G o l t e r m a n n
F i b e r F O X W G O F T - 1 0
M a i n
S e t
?
S t a r tS t o p
Optical add/drop multiplexing principleand monitoring of system parameters
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Optical add/drop multiplexing principle and monitoring of system parameters
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4-channel DWDM signal with characteristic noise floors and ASE spurious spectrum
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Superimposition of the actual data signal and accumulated noise and incorrect interpretation of S/N measurements
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WDM
WDM
T X
T X
T X
T X
1
n
O S A -1 5 5
A N T-2 0
1...
n
1...
n
i
O F A
W a n d e l & G o l t e r m a n n
A D V A N C E D N E T W O R K T E S T E R
A N T - 2 0
1
n
R X
R X
R X
R X
O F A
W a n d e l & G o l t e r m a n n
A D V A N C E D N E T W O R K T E S T E R
A N T - 2 0
W a n d e l & G o l t e r m a n n
F i b e r F O X W G O F T - 1 0
M a i n
S e t
?
S t a r tS t o p
Quality monitoring in DWDM systems
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Channel-No. Actual
Power / -stability S/N / -stability
Channel-No. Actual
Power / -stability S/N / -stability
W a n d e l & G o l t e r m a n n
A D V A N C E D N E T W O R K T E S T E R
A N T - 2 0
W a n d e l & G o l t e r m a n n
F i b e r F O X W G O F T - 1 0
M a i n
S e t
?
S t a r tS t o p
Cyclical recording and stability measurement of
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Due to the irregular gain/wavelength response of todays EDFAs cascading
of optical amplifiers result in power shifts !
To minimize crosstalk effects ( Rx side) of each
DWDM channel powerequalization becomes necessary. W a n d e l & G o l t e r m a n n
A D V A N C E D N E T W O R K T E S T E R
A N T - 2 0
W a n d e l & G o l t e r m a n n
F i b e r F O X W G O F T - 1 0
M a i n
S e t
?
S t a r tS t o p
Spectrum analysis and power leveladjustment in DWDM systems
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Quality monitoring through wavelength-selective bit error analysis (automatic evaluation of bit error histograms)
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New portable DWDM System Analyzer for 50 GHz/0.4 nm and higher spaced optical DWDM
systems with up to 256 channels
New portable DWDM System Analyzer for 50 GHz/0.4 nm and higher spaced optical DWDM
systems with up to 256 channels
DWDM System AnalyzerOSA-155
WDM
T X
T X
T X
T X
1
n
1...
n
O F AO F A
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OSA-155WDM-channel-selector
for in-depth system analysis
OSA-155WDM-channel-selector
for in-depth system analysis
DWDM System Analyzer OSA-155
Complete Solution: OSA-155 + ANT-20 + CATS Optics
