PANINGITAdverbial Particle, Enclitic

Paningit (Modifies verb, adjective, adverb)

• Maikling salita (short word/ particle)• Nag-iiba ang kahulugan ng mga paningit depende sa

gustong sabihin sa pangungusap. (The meaning of the paningit differs depending on the environment or how it is used in the sentence.)

• Kombinasyon ng unlaping pang- (instrument for) at ng salitang singit (crevice) (It is a combination of prefix pang- and the word singit.)

• Binubuo ang buong kahulugan o ideya nito ng pangungusap. (Its full meaning is completed in a sentence.)

Halimbawa• 1. pa

• Still – Natutulog pa siya. (He is still sleeping)• More – Gusto ko pa ng pansit. (I want more pancit.)

• 2. rin ~ din (never used at beginning of sentence)• Also, as well, in, return – Mabuti rin siya. (S/he is also good.)• Absolutely, exactly – Siya rin ang nagsabi. (She, herself, said so.)• Din, mabait siya.-- She is also good.—MALI—X --WRONG

• 3. raw ~ daw• Is said, so they say, according to someone

• Ano raw ang presyo ng laruan? (What did s/he say the price for the toy was?)

Halimbawa• 4. lang (lamang)

• Just, only, limitation in quantity, extent, importance• Lamang- formal (pormal ang gamit sabi ng ilan)

• Siya lang ang nagbayad. (S/he is the only one who paid.)• Tama lang ang pagkain. (The food was just enough.)

• 5. ba• Written/spoken question mark• Question marker – Maganda ba siya? (Is she beautiful?)• Impatience – Ano ba? (What?)• Annoyance in context – Sino bang maingay diyan?

(Who is noisy there?)

Halimbawa• 6. na

• Already, at this point, now• Kakain na ‘ko. (I will eat now.)

• Denotes completed action• Kilala mo na siya. (You know him already.)• Kumuha na ako ng klase. (I already enrolled in [took] the class.)

Wala / Wala na

nothing (pronoun), no one, no more

Wala nang pasok. (There’s no more class.)

Na lang

In place of, instead – Ito na lang ang ilagay mo. ([You] Put this instead.)

Halimbawa• 7. pala

• Surprise, so; expresses surprise over unexpected turn of events• Masaya pala Lola. (So, [I didn’t know] it was fun Grandma.)

• Discovered something• Kayo pala! (Oh/so, it’s you (plural)!)

• 8. nga• Indeed, affirms really, truly, confirmation, affirmation

• Wala nga siya rito. (S/he really isn’t here.)

• softener,• Lutuin mo nga ang isda. (Cook the fish please.)

• Even• Binigyan ko pa nga siya ng pagkain. (I even gave her food.)

Halimbawa• 9. naman

• Too, in return, on the other hand, contrasts, instead, one’s turn this time, else, next, really, truly to emphasize something; to express a fact; indeed, gentle protest or denial, again, anew, too, in the same manner, maybe, it seems, perhaps• Magandang hapon naman. (Good afternoon too.)• Magbabasa naman tayo ngayon. (We’re going to read next.)• Ang liit naman! (How small it is!)• Ikaw na naman. (You again!)• Ang ganda-ganda naman ng suot mo. Hindi naman. ([Gentle

protest],You’re clothes are very becoming [beautiful]. No, not at all.)• Ito naman ang gawa niya. (This, on the other hand is his/her work.)• Hindi naman maganda ang palabas. (The show was not good at all.)• Maganda naman talaga. (It is indeed beautiful.)

Halimbawa• 10. yata

• Maybe, it seems, perhaps• Siya lang yata ang nagbigay ng donasyon. (It seems she’s the only one

who gave a donation.)• Wala yatang tao. (It seems there’s no one [here].)• Pupunta yata sila. (Maybe / Perhaps they are going.)

• 11. muna• First, before one does, anything else

• Pupunta muna ako sa palengke. ( I will go to the market first.)• Maligo muna tayo. (Let’s take a bath first.)• Bakit hindi muna kayo kumain? (Why don’t you eat first?)• Kumain muna kayo. ([You] Eat first.)

Halimbawa• 12. kasi/ kayâ/ kanya

• Because; that’s why• Siya lang kasi ang nagbigay ng donasyon. (It seems because she’s the

only one who gave a donation.)• Wala kayang tao? (Do you think there’s no one [here]?.)• Pupunta kaya sila? (Do you think maybe / perhaps they are going?)

• 13. sana• Express hope, wish, desire of speaker

• Sana pumunta muna kami sa palengke. ( I wish we will go to the market first.)

• Maligo sana tayo sa dagat. (I hope we will bathe at the beach.)• Sana kumain muna kayo. (I hope you [pl] will eat first.)• Sana umulan. ([I] hope it will rain.)

Halimbawa• 14. tuloy

• Because; that’s why; as a consequence• Siya lang tuloy ang nagbigay ng donasyon. (So she’s the only one who

gave a donation.)• Nalilito tuloy ang tao dahil sa misedukasyon. (Consequently people are

confused because of miseducation.)• Marami akong iniisip kaya hilong-talilong tuloy ako. (I have so many

things on my mind that is why I am confused.)

• 15. man• Also, too, likewise ; even if

• Magmadali man tayo huli pa rin tayo. (Even if we make haste we will still be late.)

• Ako man maliligo sa dagat. (Me too (I) will bathe at the beach.)• Umulan man o umaraw darating ako. ([Even if] Come rain or shine, I will

come.)

Word Order (Ayos ng Salita)• Paningit usually follow the first word or unit of the

sentence, except when monosyllabic words like ko, mo, ka are present. In which case, these one syllable words precede the paningit.• Pupunta ka ba sa Pilipinas? (Are you going to the Philippines?• Kainin mo na ang adobo. (Eat the adobo now.)• Kukunin ko muna ang payong ko. (I will get my umbrella first.)• Kukunin na lang nila ang tiket sa iyo. (They will just get the ticket

from you.)• Bakit sila lang na naman daw ba ang magpupunta? (Why are

they the only ones again according to someone who are going?)

Paningit (Enclitics or Adverbial Particles)

• Enclitics or short words: ba, raw/daw; pala, man; kasi, din/rin; tuloy; muna; kaya; naman; nga; pa; na, yata; lamang/lang; sana

• Enclitics or mga paningit have a fixed position in a sentence. In the following sentence, the enclitic na cannot be placed in another position:

• Kumain sila na ng pansit.• Kumain ng pansit na sila.

• The only word order that is correct is:

• Kumain na sila ng pansit.

Word Order when several paningit are used in a sentence

When several paningit are used, the word order is:

pa, rin, daw, lang, ba,

na naman, daw ba

na lang daw ba

na lang daw muna

• Pupunta na naman daw ba tayo sa opisina?

(Are we going to the office again [according to someone]?)• Pupunta pa rin daw ba tayo sa kanila?

(Are we still going to their place according to someone?)

• Ikaw lang naman daw ang may ayaw.

(It’s only you according to someone who didn’t want to.)• Siya na lang daw muna ang maliligo.

(She/he will be the [only] one to take a bath first.)

Used in Ads/CommercialsGinagamit sa mga Ad at Komersyal • Masarap na, mura pa. (It’s already delicious, it’s also

cheap.)• Sobra na, tama na! (Too much already, enough now!)• Palitan na! (Change it now!)• Bakit hahanap pa ng iba? Dito na sa sigurado. (Why

still look for another? Go here (now) for the secured/sure [one that is dependable])

• Mag-Western Union na, ngayon din! (Use Western Union to send money now, right now! (immediately)

• Mabilis na ang approval, mababa pa ang interest rate. (Approval is truly fast, [on top of that] the interest rate is also low.)

AD• Hindi pa ho huli ang lahat! Tumawag lang po kayo for

free consultation! (It’s not too late yet! Just call for free consultation!)

• Hindi lang siya ang naninigarilyo. (He is not the only one who is smoking.)

• 5 minuto lang sa isang taon para maligtas ang iyong buhay. (Just 5 minutes in a year in order to save your life.)

• Pagkahaba-haba man daw ng prusisyon… sa simbahan din daw ang tuloy. (No matter (even) how long the procession could be [is], it is said that it always ends at the church.)

AD• Ito na ang kabalikat mo! Ang abogadong may pusong

Pinoy. (Here is the one who could help you! The lawyer that has a Pinoy heart.)

• To GMA: Senior citizen ka na. Magretire ka na. (You are already a senior citizen. Do retire now.)

• Mahal yang si Atty Gurfinkel, di ba? Oo, mahal nga siya pero di ka naman niya lolokohin. (Isn’t Atty Gurfinkel expensive? Yes, he may indeed be expensive but he will not swindle you.)

• Tawag na kayo sa ‘Assured.’ Makakatulong po kami. (Call ‘Assured/ now. We can help you.)

• Mura na, may regalo pa. (It’s already cheap, you even have a gift.)

Praktis• Maggawa kayo ng 3 pangungusap gamit ang sumusunod

na paningit.• Pa- yet, still, more• Rin ~ Din- also (never used at the beginning of a sentence)• Raw ~ Daw- according to someone; it is said• Lang (Lamang)- only; just• Ba- written question mark; use for yes / no questions• Na- already, now, someone’s turn, next• Wala na / Na lang – no more / just only• Pala- surprise; unawareness (Ikaw pala!- So it’s you!)• Muna- first; presently; beforehand (sabihin muna natin sa kanya) • Nga- really; in fact; kindly; please

Kombinasyon• Nga pala- affirmation; Oo nga pala- oh yes• Nga Naman- indeed• Pa yata- seem still• Na naman- again• Kaya pala- that is why• Siyanga pala- by the way• Naman yata- again it seems; indeed it seems• Na lang• Din lang• Na raw