2RPP

Sounds of the Underground: A Cultural, Political and Aesthetic Mapping of Underground and Fringe Music Stephen Graham https://www.press.umich.edu/8295270/sounds_of_the_underground University of Michigan Press, 2016

Contents

Preface vii

Part I—What Is the Underground? 1 Introduction to the Underground and Its Fringes 3 2 The Music and Musicians 17 3 Global and Local Underground/Fringe Scenes 28

Part II—The Political and Cultural Underground 4 Politics and Underground/Fringe Music 53 5 Cultural Policy and Underground/Fringe Music 64 6 Artists and Music, Improv and Noise 85 7 The Digital Economy and Labels 115 8 Festivals and Venues 144

Part III—Listening to the Underground 9 Noise as Concept, History, and Scene 169

10 The Politics of Underground Music and Noise 189 11 The Sounds of Noise 202 12 Extreme Metal 218

Conclusion 243

List of Interviewees 245 Notes 247 Bibliography 269 Index 291

2RPP

Sounds of the Underground: A Cultural, Political and Aesthetic Mapping of Underground and Fringe Music Stephen Graham https://www.press.umich.edu/8295270/sounds_of_the_underground University of Michigan Press, 2016