Parts of the Parts of the EcosystemEcosystem

ECOSYSTEMSECOSYSTEMSAn An ECOSYSTEM ECOSYSTEM must provide must provide what an organism needs to what an organism needs to survive, or the organism must survive, or the organism must move, adapt, or die.move, adapt, or die.To stay alive, organisms needTo stay alive, organisms need4 things:4 things:

Energy (food)Energy (food) WaterWater OxygenOxygen Living space Living space

An Organism and Its Environment

Habitat: Place where organism lives which is determined by climate and adaptations.

LIVING THINGS AND THEIR ENVIRONMENT

Environment– all the living and nonliving things with which an organism interacts.All the living and nonliving things in an

environment are interconnected. If one factor is affected another factor is thrown off balance. Nature is always trying to stay in balance.

What is Ecology?What is Ecology?

Study of the Study of the interactions between interactions between organisms and organisms and

their environmenttheir environment

ECOSYSTEMS ECOSYSTEMS

•The living parts of an ecosystem are called BIOTIC factors

•Examples: trees, plants, flowers,

insects, animals

ECOSYSTEMS ECOSYSTEMS The non-living things in an The non-living things in an

ecosystem are called ecosystem are called ABIOTICABIOTIC

factorsfactorsExamples : water, rocks, soil, Examples : water, rocks, soil, air, temperature, wind, carbon air, temperature, wind, carbon

dioxide, nutrients, sunlightdioxide, nutrients, sunlight

Organization in the Organization in the EnvironmentEnvironment

Ecologists have arranged the Ecologists have arranged the environment in different levelsenvironment in different levels

OrganismOrganism

PopulationPopulation

CommunityCommunity

EcosystemEcosystem

BiosphereBiosphere

The 5 Levels: The 5 Levels: #1 Organism#1 Organism

1. 1. An An individual individual is is a single organism.a single organism.

Ex: an alligator, a human, an oak tree

The 5 Levels:The 5 Levels:#2 Population#2 Population

A population is a group of individuals of the samespecies in the same area.

Ex: group of alligators, herd of deer

The 5 Levels:The 5 Levels:#3 Community#3 Community

A community consists of all of the populations of different species that live and interact in an area.

The 5 Levels:The 5 Levels:#4 Ecosystem#4 Ecosystem

An ecosystem is made up of a community of organisms and its abiotic environment

The 5 Levels:The 5 Levels:Level #5 BiosphereLevel #5 Biosphere

The biosphere is the part of Earth where life exists

ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTAL ORGANIZATIONORGANIZATION BiosphereBiosphere - the entire Earth- the entire Earth Animals & plants adapt to best Animals & plants adapt to best

survive in the conditions of each survive in the conditions of each Earth region. These regions are Earth region. These regions are called the called the biomesbiomes..

Salt Marsh EcosystemSalt Marsh Ecosystem

Organism- egret, Seaside sparrow, Periwinkle Organism- egret, Seaside sparrow, Periwinkle snail, oyster, Laughing gullsnail, oyster, Laughing gull

Population- Laughing gull, CodgrassPopulation- Laughing gull, Codgrass Community- Sparrows eat the crabs, algae Community- Sparrows eat the crabs, algae

grows on grass, snail uses grass as shelter grows on grass, snail uses grass as shelter and protectionand protection

Ecosystem- how does temp., precipitation, soil Ecosystem- how does temp., precipitation, soil affect the organisms?, river brings in nitrogen affect the organisms?, river brings in nitrogen which helps the algae growwhich helps the algae grow

Biosphere- where all life livesBiosphere- where all life lives

Biotic and Abiotic FactorsBiotic and Abiotic Factors

Biotic:Biotic: Laughing gulls, seaside sparrow, Laughing gulls, seaside sparrow, codgrass, snail, algae, jellyfish (any of codgrass, snail, algae, jellyfish (any of the animals or plants)the animals or plants)

Abiotic: Abiotic: sunlight, river (water), sunlight, river (water), temperature, soil, rain (weather), temperature, soil, rain (weather), nutrients from the nitrogennutrients from the nitrogen