Introduction

Canine Parvovirus (CPV) continue to produce several outbreaks in Romania. Veterinary practitioners prescribe and breeders usually accept CPV vaccination. Despite these measures, some

litters of puppies do not develop a protective response after vaccination and develop intestinal form of disease.

This paper aims to present a protocol for diagnosis and specific treatment in intestinal form of CPV infection in puppies with non-protective titers of antibodies.

Materials and Methods

Diagnosis and specific treatment in intestinal form of CPV infection in puppies with non-protective titers of antibodies has been bone in one litter of Rottweiler puppies [one female (15

kg) and two males (17kg and 20kg)] 25 weeks old, with gastroenteric syndrome (vomiting and bloody diarrhea) and vaccinated against canine distemper (D), infectious hepatitis (H),

parvovirosis (P), parainfluenza (Pi), leptospirosis (L) and rabies (R). Method used for CPV antigen detection were PARVO IC (Agrolabo S.p.A., Italy), and for CPV antibodies semi-quantitative

titration were ImmunoComb ® Canine Parvo & Distemper IgG Antibody Test Kit (Biogal-Galed Labs., Israel). Three transfusion bags (250 ml) collected from mother and maternal aunt of 

puppies [with high level of CPV-Ab (>6 in Comb scale)] were used in specific therapy of CPV. Mother, maternal aunt and puppies were DEA1.1 negative (RapidVet-H, Agrolabo S.p.A., Italy).

Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Agronomic Sciences and Veterinary Medicine of Bucharest, Romania

Splaiul Independentei 105, 50097, 5 th District, Bucharest, Romania; doruvet@yahoo.com

Dragoş Cobzariu, Stelian Bărăităreanu, Doina Daneş

SPECIFIC THERAPY IN CANINE PARVOVIRUS INFECTION

PARVO IC® antigenic test

(Agrolabo S.p.A., Italy)

ImmunoComb® Canine Parvo &

Distemper IgG Antibody Test Kit

(Biogal-Galed Labs., Israel)

Levels of IgG and IgM in Days Following Vaccination

 

Example of developed Comb

Interpretation of Results

Reagents and materials used in a canine blood

groups identification based on the agglutination

methodology (RapidVet-H, Agrolabo S.p.A., Italy)

Canine blood groups

identification based on the

agglutination methodology.

References1. Cobzariu D. – Research about optimization of diagnostic procedures, control and prevention of viral enteric diases in companion carnivores. Thesis, University of Agronomical Sciences and Veterinary Medicine, Bucharest, Romania, 2006.

2. Doina Danes, Stelian Baraitareanu, Dragoș Cobzariu, Mihai Danes. Actualities in Canine Parvovirosis and Canine Distemper. Simpozion cu participare internaţionala „Progrese şi perspective in medicina veterinara”, USAMV FMV Iasi, 5-6 iunie 2008, Abstracts p. 66-67

3. Ejima, H.; Kurokawa, K.; Ikemoto, S. DEA 1 blood group system of dogs reared in Japan. Japanese Journal of Veterinary Science, Bunkyo-Ku, v.44, n.5, p.815-7, 1982.

4. Giger U, Blais MC, Ensuring blood compatibility:update on canine typing and cross-matching. Proc Am Coll Vet Intern Med 2005

5. Giger U, Stieger K, Palos H. Comparison of various canine blood-typingmethods. AJVR 66(8):1386-1392. 2005

6. Hale AS. Canine blood broups and their importance in veterinary transfusion medicine. Vet Clin North Am Small Anim Pract 1995; 25:1323-1332.

7. Vriesendorp HM, Albert ED, Templeton JW, et. Al. Joint report of the Second International Workshop of Canine Immunogenetics. Transplant proc 8: 289-314; 1976.

8. Waner, T., Noam, J. and Mazar, S. (2003). Post-vaccination evaluation of the immunization status of puppies for canine Parvo- and Distemper viruses using an in-clinic ELISA test. Israel Journal of Veterinary Medicine, 58(4), 104-107.

9. Waner, T. (2002). Response of puppies to vaccination with canine Distemper and canine Parvovirus. 27th WSAVA Congress, October, Granada, Spain.

RECOVERED

BLOOD TRANSFUSION

Seven days

 

PARVO IC® antigenic test:

POSITIVE RESULTS

PARVO IC® antigenic test:

NEGATIVE RESULTS

Results and Conclusion

The following information from case history was significant: immunization with DP vaccine to 49 days and 63 old, DHPPi vaccine to 77 days old and DHPPi-LR vaccine to 91 days

old. PARVO IC test (Agrolabo S.p.A., Italy) revealed CPV-Ag in stool of all puppies. ImmunoComb test revealed very low CPV-Ab (0-1 Comb scale) in blood of puppies.

Each puppies received general treatment (antiemetics, fluids, antibiotics) and specific therapy (250 ml whole blood; complete transfusion within 90 minutes).

Seven days of taking blood transfusion all the dogs were clinically recovered.

These data suggest the usefulness of blood with high titer of CPV in Comb scale in therapy of intestinal form of CPV.

Mother and maternal

aunt of Rottweiler

puppies, vaccinated

annually for DHPPi LR DEA 1.1

negative

 

Low titer of

CPV-Ab

High titer of

CPV-Ab

Breed : Rottweiler

Sex : one female and two males

Weight : 15 kg – 20 kg

Age: 25 weeks

Clinical status: gastroenteric syndrome

- vomiting

- bloody diarrhea

Vaccinated: DP / DHPPi L / DHPPi LR

“The ImmunoComb® Parvo and Distemper Test 

Kit is intended to evaluate the IgG antibody 

response to vaccination or infection by Canine

Parvovirus (CPV) and Distemper Virus (CDV). A

high antibody level is associated with immunity 

to infection (in well dogs) and is helpful for 

diagnosis of clinical cases.”