Pathways to Nursing

8/9/2019 Pathways to Nursing

1/74

PATHWAYS OF TEACHING

NURSINGKeeping it real!


2/74

Choose the Shape that is MOST APPEALING to you

Consider both FORM and COLOR


3/74

CAREFREE PLAYFUL CHEERFUL

You love a free and spontaneous life. And you attempt to enjoy itto the fullest, in accordance with the motto:

"You only live once."

You are very curious and open about everything new; you thriveon change. Nothing is worse than when you feel tied down. Youexperience your environment as being versatile and always goodfor a surprise.

INDEPENDENT UNCONVENTIONALUNFETTERED

You demand a free and unattached life for yourself that allows you

to determine your own course. You have an artistic bent in yourwork or leisure activities. Your urge for freedom sometimes causesyou to do exactly the opposite of what expected of you.

Your lifestyle is highly individualistic. You would never blindly imitatewhat is "in"; on the contrary, you seek to live according to your ownideas and convictions, even if this means swimming against the

tide.


4/74

INTROSPECTIVE SENSITIVEREFLECTIVE

You come to grips more frequently and thoroughly with yourself

and your environment than do most people. You detestsuperficiality; you'd rather be alone than have to suffer throughsmall talk. But your relationships with your friends are verystrong, which gives you the inner tranquility and harmony thatyou require. You do not mind being alone for extended periods oftime; you rarely become bored.

DOWN TO EARTH WELL-BALANCEDHARMONIOUS

You value a natural style and love that which is uncomplicated.People admire you because you have both feet planted firmly on theground and they can depend on you. You give those who are closeto you security and space. You are perceived as being warm andhuman. You reject everything that is garish and trite. You tend to beskeptical toward the whims of fashion trends. For you, clothing hasto be practical and unobtrusively elegant.


5/74

PEACEFUL DISCREET NON-AGGRESSIVE

You are easy-going yet discreet. You make friends effortlessly,

yet enjoy your privacy and independence. You like to get awayfrom it all and be alone from time to time to contemplate themeaning of life and enjoy yourself. You need space, so youescape to beautiful hideaways, but you are not a loner. You areat peace with yourself and the world, and you appreciate life andwhat this world has to offer.

PROFESSIONAL PRAGMATIC SELF-ASSURED

You take charge of your life, and place less faith in your luck andmore in your own deeds. You solve problems in a practical,uncomplicated manner. You take a realistic view of the things in yourdaily life and tackle them without wavering. You are given a greatdeal of responsibility at work, because people know that you can bedepended upon.


6/74

DYNAMIC ACTIVE EXTROVERTED

You are quite willing to accept certain risks and to make a strongcommitment in exchange for interesting and varied work.

Routine, in contrast, tends to have a paralyzing effect on you.

What you like most is to be able to play an active role in events.In doing so, your initiative is highly pronounced.

ROMANTIC DREAMY EMOTIONAL

You are a very sensitive person. You refuse to view things only froma sober, rational standpoint. What your feelings tell you is just as

important to you. In fact, you feel it is important to have dreams inlife, too.

You reject people who scorn romanticism and are guided only byrationality. You refuse to let anything confine the rich variety of yourmoods and emotions.


7/74

ANALYTICAL TRUSTWORTHY SELF-ASSURED

Your momentary sensitivity represents that which is of high

quality and durable. Consequently, you like to surround yourselfwith little "gems," which you discover wherever they areoverlooked by others.

Thus, culture plays a special role in your life. You have foundyour own personal style, which is elegant and exclusive, freefrom the whims of fashion. Your ideal, upon which you base your

life, is cultured pleasure. You value a certain level of culture onthe part of the people with whom you associate.


8/74

THE PATH OF LEARNINGTHROUGH

RELATIONSHIPS


9/74

THE PATH OF LEARNING THROUGH RELATIONSHIPS

I doubt that you can make any mistake that Ihave not already made. The difference is, I knowhow to get out of it. Come to me when you make amistake and let me help you get out of it.

I m not running a popularity. contest I don t care whether they.like me or not


10/74


Students LEARN when they are PEACEFUL and CALM like their instructor.

STRESS and ONE UPMANSHIP are definitely DETRIMENTAL to learning.

According to Tim Sanders book The Likeability Factor

students who perceive a more positive student-professor relationshipand like their professors may be more motivated to learn because thepresence of the professor is rewarding to them, and they care more

about obtaining the approval of the professor.


11/74


Sanders book can be summed up in one word, the wordLIKE.

K

Listen with empathy. Connect with the students wants andneeds.LInvest in relevance. Teach those things that they must

know and find useful.

I

E

Keep friendly. Being unfriendly has been documented ascounterproductive in the learning process.

Emanate your real self. Friendship and empathy cannot befaked.

O G O G O S S


12/74


Big things include RESPECT

S

Reach the students with your eyes when you talk. Look at them and letthem know with your look that you care about them. If there aredisagreements, approach them with the spirit of resolution.REmpower them with knowledge.E

P

Show them by modeling. Model how to initiate relationships and how tonurture themselves and others.

Practice what you preach.

E Enlist ownership.



13/74


Collaborate with students in their learning and encourage them tocollaborate with each other. This is a partnership not a competition.CTry loving them and holding high expectationsT

RESPECT is an excellent way to develop TRUST between yourself andstudents.

Relationships with students are founded on our relationship with ourselves asindividuals.

If you find yourself in a hole, quit digging.

Authenticity plays a large part in relationshipsand respect.



14/74


A lack ofauthenticity orhonesty is sensed by the student and is very damaging to all

relationships.

Relationships are built and enhanced through respectful communication.

Communication is a way to alleviate fears and a way to make the student moreconfident.

Intent and tone of that content will make or break relationships.Caring communication is way at the top of the list for establishing relationships.

According to Nathan Schwartz Salants The Mystery of Human Relationship.

Relationships are not only forms of exchange of energy and function

between people but also living structures which regulate a persons senseof identity and well being.



15/74


Nothing in relationship building precludes holding the learner accountable orlowering

educational standards

Learners, like everyone, must know where the boundaries are.

Do not avoid disagreements; infuse them with grace and with the spirit reaching a win win resolution. This provides an environment where students can learn.

INSPIRE is to breathe life into another

Treat a man as he is and he will remain as he is; treat a man as he can andshould be and he will become as he can and should be. -Goethe



16/74


I Inner security

NNothing is as fast as the speed ofTRUST

S

Stretch ourselves to develop skills thatequal the challenges with students

PPersonal moral authority

IIntegrity

R Relate to self

EEmpathize


17/74

THE PATH OF LEARNING

THROUGHENGANGEMENT AND

EMPOWERMENT

THE PATH OF LEARNING THROUGH ENGAGEMENT AND EMPOWERMENT


18/74


One of the ways to enhance their motivation is to get them into hospitals and other

clinical settings as student nurses AS SOON AS POSSIBLE.

It is hard for the student to learn and remember if they cant figure out a way to use theprocess.

If it cannot be used, why are you teaching it?



19/74


Wilsons (1994) qualitative study of baccalaureate nursing students in a senior-level clinical

course reports that students tend to equate learning with the first time performance ormastery of a growing of psychomotor skills.



20/74


Critical thinking and clinical reasoning must be taught on day 1.

Repetition is the mother of learning.



21/74


Engagement and Empowerment are two of the most important paths.

Determine how to use them throughout the entire teaching learning program.

Results will be: students who:

Exhibit self control,Self- management, andAre self organizing

These students will have a DEEP desire to be an outstanding nurse

DD DriveEE Energy

EEEnthusiasm

PP Passion


22/74

THE PATH OF LEARNING

THROUGHCOLLABORATION

THE PATH OF LEARNING THROUGH COLLABORATION


23/74

THE PATH OF LEARNING THROUGH COLLABORATION

The desire to work together is an advantage

vhe who teaches learns the most

No worries of grouping the same students for a semester

This is not a competition

Collaboration leads to learning from mistakes with fewer traumas


24/74

THE PATH OFLEARNING WITH

OWNERSHIP

THE PATH OF LEARNING WITH OWNERSHIP


25/74


Our role is not to fill their box with every detail known

Our role is to light the fire from within

vwe need to inspire them to take ownership of their educationalprocessv

The key to success is not only having the best answer, but being able to ask the

best questions

ACRONYM FOR L.E.A.R.N (ideal conditions under which adults learn best)

LLLearner feels the new to learn

EE Espouse the goals of learning as theirown



26/74


AA Active in the learning process

RR Responsibility is shared form planningand implementing the learning process

NNNurturing environment conducive for trust,

respect and helpfulness


27/74

THE PATH OFPRIORITIZING CONTENT

FOR PRESENTATION

THE PATH OF PRIORITZING CONTENT FOR PRESENTATION


28/74

What if your chapter is 100pages long and you have only 1

hour to lecture on it?

Say to yourself, If I had only onething that I could tell the learnerabout this content, what would itbe?

Q:Q:

A:A:



29/74

After you have identified the THING that they must remember, how areyou going to help them remember it?

Make use ofIMAGES

EXAMPLE:

SALTY

CUSHY CARL

HIGH IN SUGARHOLDING

WATER

VOLUME ANDPRESSURE

WEIGH MORE ANDHYPERTENSION

HYPERGLYCEMIA

SORE IN LEGSWONT HEAL



30/74

SAFETY GUIDELINES IN PRIORITIZING

SSSystem specific assessment

AA Accuracy orders & assignments

FFFirsts

EE Evaluating pharmacology

TTTeach and test infection control

YY CYA (CoverYourAssets)



31/74

Teaching Conceptually conceptual teaching

We can apply a concept to other situations like hypo and hyperglycemia inCushings, TPN, corticosteroids

e.g. Diabetes Mellitus in one hour

The most important thing is that the learner will have learned in a way they canapply the content to many different situations

Next path is to SIMPLIFY

Make the complicated simple is one of the most important concepts in teaching

Use simple and easy words



32/74

FLUIDS

INCREASE FLUID = INCREASEWEIGHT

EXTRA FLUID WILL GO

SOMEWHERE ELSE

PRIORITY ASSESSMENT IS TOLOOK INTO THE LUNGS

SHORTNESS OF BREATH ANDCONGESTION

USE STETHOSCOPE



33/74

Least we can do sit them up

Diuretics will likely be prescribed loop diuretic

How do we know? Check lung sounds, MIO

SECRET sum up of important concept

SSStart where the learner is and know they wont prepare ahead of time

EE Elicit the use of image to increase memory

CCConnect a new concept to one that learners already knows

RR Remember to simplify the concept



34/74

EE Empower the learner with actions

TT Teach concepts rather than disease process

SS SAFETY can be utilized to prioritize


35/74

THE PATH OF UTILIZINGTECHNOLOGY IN

NURSING EDUCATION

THE PATH OF UTILIZING TECHNOLOGY IN NURSING EDUCATION


36/74

Technology

deals with human as well as other animal species' usage and knowledgeof tools and crafts, and how it affects a species' ability to control and adapt

to its natural environment.

Facts about Technology

qSometimes technology is our best friend and on occasion our greatest foe.q

qTechnology makes you feel empowered.q

qTechnology let you experience transformation.q

qTechnology empowers you to do more in a less time.



37/74

Problems Encountered

vThe Nintendo generation requires multiple stimuli to process and retaininformation.

vvUsing the method of repetition. Repetition is well known for assisting students inretention of data, but there is little time to cover the basics much less time forrepetition in classroom.v

vStudents expect that a faculty delivered lecture will cover the most important

content and that memorization of this information is sufficient for success.



38/74

Technological Advancements

provide the vehicle for improvinglearning experiences an d an

opportunity for us, as faculty, to modelour value of lifelong learning byadmitting what we do not know andfinding and utilizing reputableresources- both literary and human, toassist us in our learning journey.

Goal:

To serve as impetus for atransformation of traditional teaching of bothseasoned and technologically literate facultyand empowering them to use technology

beyond merely communication modem orinformation storage system.



39/74

Key Relationships: The Secret toTechnological SuccessqPathway to Technology Number 1:

Initiate and establish a good rapport andworking relationship with your institutionstechnology department (ITD)When you begin utilizing technologybeyond your comfort zone, you will needsomeone you can contact 24/7.qPathway to Technology Number 2:Find a mentor, someone who is eager tohelp you in use new technology and whokeeps abreast of the best software andtechnological advancements.A good mentor sifts through technological

innovations and keeps you informed andupdated on the information best suited toyour teaching style and your studentsneed.



40/74

qPathway to Technology Number 3:Use your newly acquired technology asquickly and as frequently as possible.q

Repetition is a major key to developingcompetence.q

qPathway to Technology Number 4:Share the wealth- Be a Mentor. Learn it, Doit, Teach it

qqPathway to Technology Number 5:Use your institutions course managementsystem to enhance learning and to saveyourself time.q

qPathway to Technology Number 6:Technology is only as good as its contents.q



41/74

Advantage of Blending Online courses and Traditional Learning

Blending online teaching with live experience provides positive outcomes forboth the student and teacher.

Blended or Hybrid courses are those that include online and in class activitiesand encourage independent learning.

It provides the student with the information most important to know andunderstand before lecture.

Faculty are not only spared precious class time covering basic knowledge,administering quizzes, etc., but instantly maintain an ongoing record of eachstudents investment in preparing for class and the course- a valuable insights.



42/74

Key Technologies AvailableCourse Management System (CMS)

A CMS is a method for faculty to organize and publish a course online.These systems provide excellent opportunities for teaching, learning, and

ongoing communication with course enrolled students and are most frequentlyused by online courses and programs.



43/74

Most commonly purchased CMS:

1.WebCT: http://www.webct.com/

1.2. Blackboard: http://www.blackboard.com

http://www.webct.com/http://www.blackboard.com/http://www.blackboard.com/http://www.webct.com/


44/74

3. ANGEL (A new Global Environment for Learning)-http://www.angellearning.com/

http://www.angellearning.com/http://www.angellearning.com/


45/74

4. Moodle: http://moodle.org/

http://moodle.org/http://moodle.org/


46/74

Applications Available in Course Management SystemsFour Primary Purposes

Communication

Learning

Assessment and Evaluation

An archive of Course and Activities and Events



47/74

Communication Uses

Syllabus- a CMS publishes this information 24/7 in the world as long as theenrolled student has internet access.

Course Policies with Hyperlinks to Program and/or University Policies-students can with the touch of a button see how one policy flows from another andthe connectedness.

Students maintain easy, electronic access to the rules.

WARNING: Do not make changes in the course syllabus or policies during thesemester unless legal advises the immediate revision.

Course Calendar- The course calendar provides a quick reference for you and thestudent to view what is to occur from one day to the next throughout the semester,such as lecture topics for the day with a hyperlink to the reading assignment and

lecture objectives, assignments due, and events, including student nursingassociation meetings and other objectives.

Email- CMS keeps a copy of each email exchanged during the entire course andstores this information when the course is saved at the end of the semester.



48/74

Discussion Boards- The discussion boards is a method of exchanginginformation and ideas among students, faculty, and entire class if desired.

-it allows difficult concepts to be addressed.-it decreases the guilt that you may experience after clarifying a concept for oneperson.

Student Performance- CMS keeps the student informed of every grade in thecourse when you, the faculty, are ready for the student to retrieve it. Students merelyaccess the My Grades icon in the CMS course and determine not only the gradefor every assignment, exam, and quiz, but also his/ her ongoing average for thecourse.



49/74

CMS Teaching and Learning Resources

QuizzesA CMS provides a template for developing and administering tests using

multiple choice, true/false, fill- in the blank, and essay questions.

a. The Assessment and Evaluation Quiz

Advantages:It can be designed based on the purpose intended.

It utilizes Blooms cognitive levels of knowledge and comprehension of theinformation the student was required to learn prior to class.

Students can gain access to lecture notes or outlines.

Evaluation quizzes can be available for students following the classroom

experience using higher levels of Blooms Taxonomy.

b. The External Quiz- A win- win Learning Experience

The student can take the quiz as many times as he/she wants until the gradedesired is achieved.



50/74



51/74

GamingThe term game indicates fun may actually be an outcome of theexperience.

a.The Discussion Board as a Learning Toolouse discussion board to post hyperlinks to specific websites and toentice students to access the sites by guaranteeing a 100% quizscore of they select, read, and post on the discussion board.o

A synopsis of one of the listed articles

Cite the reference

Identify how the article effect nursing practice

Describe their personal reactions

b. Online Assignments- The Paperless ClassroomoA paperless course eliminates problems and reduces the use of paper,ink, and in many cases, faculty time.



52/74

oFaculty can create templates of assignments, include directions, and then

publish via the CMS course and students can download it and submit.

c.SurveysoThe survey application of a CMS allows questions to be addressedanonymously, with limited faculty effort and eliminates the disturbance ofclass time to gather the data.

My PagesA resource page that includes some of the most valuable and reliableresources sites for the students is beneficial on directing students todifferentiate legitimate versus questionable Internet sites and sources.



53/74

Resources- Critical Resources Sites for Nursing Education

American Nurses Associations Nursing World: http://www.nursingworld.org/

http://www.nursingworld.org/http://www.nursingworld.org/


54/74

Center for Disease Control (CDC): http://www.cdc.gov/

http://www.cdc.gov/http://www.cdc.gov/


55/74

National Institutes of Health: http://www.nih.gov/

http://www.nih.gov/http://www.nih.gov/


56/74

Assessment and Evaluation Abilities of the CMS

A CMS is the easiest way to expedite the continuous quality improvementprocess. Formative and summative assessment, improvement/learning, and

evaluation can be studied on multiple levelsindividual student, course, faculty,clinical experience, and program.

Archives and StorageA CMS allows faculty to save and store each course taught.

Programs Beyond the CMS

Respondus-A Teachers Best Friend http://www.respondus.com/

oa test development and bank that stores questions from all your courses.Respondus allows you to maintain ongoing test bank files that can be easily

downloaded into any course.o

The Respondus Test Bank Network

oProvides online access to downloadable test banks from identified authorsand publishers.

http://www.respondus.com/http://www.respondus.com/


57/74

StudyMate 1.1oan innovative application that provides templates for faculty to developand download learning games for students.

The Infamous Powerpoint by Microsoft- Boring versus Invigorating

The teachers is what brings out the power in PowerPoint.

How do we emphasize the power in PowerPoint?

The organization and presentation of the content is crucial.

Converting lecture material into a show is invigorating.

The content needs to come alive.



58/74

Transforming Lecture intoTheater

Images- Add images

to your slides.



59/74

Sounds- Stimulating as many senses as possible during lecture is important.



60/74

Movies- Experience Hollywood; make a movie! Develop a short film to play beforeclass.



61/74

Games

Virtual Classroom

Now teachers and students anywhere in the world, can connect and meet live in theVirtual Classroom for an online interactive class.

Elluminateoa software that provides the opportunity for audio/video streaming- live and/

or recorded classroom experiences, web conferencing, instant messaging andmore.

THE PATH TO KEEPING


62/74

THE PATH TO KEEPINGCLINICAL ASSIGNMENT

REALThey may forget what you said, but they will never forget how you made themfeel.

- Carl W. Buechner

THE PATH OF KEEPING CLINICAL ASSIGNMENTS REAL


63/74

Clinical Teaching is not supervision, it is guidance. It is something that you do,not something that you let happen and then evaluate.

Establishing relationships

let the students know that you have been in their shoes and you are there to helpthemask the learner how you can help them be successfulteaching them quick, real-time assessment skills

Pre-conference

assign manual, one drug handbook and one nursing bookhave a copy of the care plan on concept map that the agency usesWho is going to do the bed and bath while the students are in preconference?

We need to establish relationship with the staffKnow the agency agreement the department of nursing is responsible for thestudent learning



64/74

Planning ahead is a beautiful thing. It allows everyone to have a paradigm shiftwithout a crisis.Is giving a bath, the best time to do an assessment?



65/74

Facts:

Many new graduates are scared to go to their first job because they do not have acare plan on all their patients.

They dont know how to do a quick surveyWe need to help them learn how to prioritize. Let them learn using experientiallearning so that they can think on their feet.Many nursing care plans are utilized by faculty as documentation for a clinicalgrade

In nursing education, the faculty members serves as the primary role-modelinitiating the students into the profession. - Wiseman (1994)

T Technical know-how Thinking (Critical)

IInterpersonal Effectiveness

P Professional Role Behaviors



66/74

To keep clinical assignment real, then successive assignment should build oneach students progress. A sequence of experiences, that has both continuity andconnection is important. (Fothergill Bourbonnais and Higuchi, 1995, p.40)

T Technical Skill development

A

Responsiveness to an increasing number of client variablesRAbility to organize and manage a complex assignmentAchieve independence in making decisions of clinical judgements

C Complex care demands are able to be managed

K Knowledge to be able to recognize typical, then atypical patterns ofresponseS Safety


67/74

THE PATH TO REAL


68/74

THE PATH TO REALCLINICAL EVALUATION

The secret of joy in work is contained in one word Excellence. To know how to

do something well is to enjoy it. Pearl S. Buck

THE PATH TO REAL CLINICAL EVALUATIONS


69/74

qThe clinical evaluation tool is one of the most important pieces of paper in acourse.

qqEvaluation tools should be customized depending on the course objectives.

qqProgram objectives should be carried through in the clinical objectives and shouldoriginate with the objectives of the university or college.

qNational Council of State Boards of Nursing (NCSBN) 200 minimum standardsof RN Practice Analysis that supplies the framework for the NCLEX-RN exam.

qqClinical evaluation is about the learner being safe and effective as a practitioner

qqStandards of Nursing Examples:

oFive rights of medication administrationoInfection control standards



70/74

qDue process if the student fails tomeet the objectives, the faculty shoulddocument, counsel, and tell the

consequenceqqNeeds improvement

qThere is NO written work that should begraded.q

qMake sure that the learner has theopportunity to meet the course objectivesthrough their clinical experiencesq

qProvide them with a challenge and givethem the guidance

qSetting up assign poor students toa sick patient. Watch, document & helpthem with the tough decision making.


Sample Clinical Assignment/


71/74

Meet the dress code and professional behaviour

Determine if vital signs are abnormalAssess peripheral pulses

PASS FAILApply principles of infection control

Verify identity of the clientAssess client discomfort or painProtect client from injuryIdentify changes in respiratory statusDocument client careNotify others of clients change in status

qWe have to start teaching and modeling clinical reasoning early. DAY ONE. If we

do not, they just dont get it.q

qAnother key component is providing feedback to the learner that will beinformational as well as positively assist in professional growth and development.

o

Evaluation Tool



72/74

qWe have to start teaching and modeling clinical reasoning early. DAY ONE. If wedo not, they just dont get it.

qAnother key component is providing feedback to the learner that will be

informational as well as positively assist in professional growth and development.

EE Expectations AA Accountability RR Reinforcement (Feedback)

qEXPECTATIONSWhether you think you can or you cant, you are right!by: Henry FordPositive expectationsq

qACCOUNTABILITY

Take responsibility for both their actions and failure to act.What has supposed to happen?What actually happened?What accounts for any differences?What can be learned?


q


73/74

qREINFORCEMENTIf we want improvement, we have to reinforce improvementTypes of Feedback:

MotivationalInformationalDevelopmental

II Issue

SS Solution - use how and what

SS State options for improvement

UU Use reinforcement for positive responses

EE Exit


74/74

F OUU RR

BIG

Documents

Pathways to Nursing