PATIENT COMMUNICATION

Patient Communication and Human Diversity

1

Why become a Radiologic Technologist ?1.1. Helping othersHelping others

2.2. Working with peopleWorking with people

3.3. Making a differenceMaking a difference

4.4. Thinking criticallyThinking critically

5.5. Demonstrating creativity Demonstrating creativity

6.6. Achieving resultsAchieving results

2

Patient Communication

3

Human Diversity

4

Patient Communication

5

Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

6

Patient Dignity1. Patients are usually in the lower levels

of Maslow’s Hierarchy

2. Must always be remembered and respected

3. Difficult to maintain dignity when ill

7

Patient Communication1. Interacting with the patient

2. Interacting with family and friends

3. Methods of Effective Communication

4. Age as a factor in Patient Interactions

8

When a technologist meets a patient for the first time……-anxiety-regressive behavior-trauma/loss

9

Patient Communication Therapeutic Dissonance

10

Methods of Communication

1.1. VerbalVerbal

2.2. HumorHumor

3.3. ParalanguageParalanguage

4.4. Body LanguageBody Language

5.5. Touch (Palpation)Touch (Palpation)

11

Verbal Communication Verbal Communication

12

____________

13

Paralanguage Defines all of the audio information in a

conversation beyond word choice

Simply listening to someone’s voice, even if you can’t make out the words, conveys their emotional state

14

Body Language You could be talking to someone and your

body language will convey something else entirely.

Make eye contact occasionally you show an interest in that person and in what he or she is saying.

A smile sends a positive message. Smiling adds warmth and confidence about you.

Arms crossed or folded over your chest say that you have shut other people out and have no interest in them or what they are saying.

Placing your arms at your side can make you look and feel confident and relaxed to other people around you.

15

Body Language

16

Touch and PalpationTouch and Palpation

17

Radiographer’s Responsibility

1.1. IntroductionIntroduction

2.2. Explanation of exam Explanation of exam

3.3. Inform patient how they will Inform patient how they will receive their resultsreceive their results

4.4. Get pertinent patient historyGet pertinent patient history

5.5. Risks of examination Risks of examination

18

Rad Tech’s Role in Clinical Hx1. Extract as much history as possible

2. Radiologists often do not even speak with the patient.

3. Radiologist can be focus on anatomy of interest

19

Pertinent Patient History1.1. RespectRespect

2.2. GenuinenessGenuineness

3.3. EmpathyEmpathy

4.4. PolitePolite

5.5. Professional Professional demeanordemeanor

20

Data Collection1.1. ObjectiveObjective: Signs that can be seen

2.2. SubjectiveSubjective: Perceived by the affected individual

21

Questioning Skills1. Open-ended questions

2. Facilitation – encourages pt to elaborate

3. Silence – give pt time to remember

4. Probing questions – focus interview, provide more information

5. Repetition – rewording, clarifies info

6. Summarization – verifies accuracy

22

Abraham Maslow’s Hierarchy of Needs

23

Sacred SevenSacred Seven1.1. LocalizationLocalization

2.2. ChronologyChronology

3.3. QualityQuality

4.4. SeveritySeverity

5.5. OnsetOnset

6.6. Aggravating or Alleviating FactorsAggravating or Alleviating Factors

7.7. Associated ManifestationsAssociated Manifestations

24

LocalizationLocalizationDefining exact area

of patient complaint

Carefully worded questions

Palpation as needed

25

Chronology

Duration

Frequency

Course of symptoms

26

QualityQualityColor and

consistency of fluids

Size of bumps and lesions

Type of pain Burning, throbbing,

dull, sharp, cutting, aching, radiationg, pressure or crushing

27

Severity Severity Number of bumps or

lesions?

Pain on number scale? (1-10)

The degree of a burn?

28

OnsetOnset What was PT doing when illness began?

Was there an aura before the migraine?

29

Aggravation or Aggravation or Alleviating FactorsAlleviating Factors For example

Lying down headache goes away?

Putting ice on it reduces swelling?

Pain intensifies when walking?

Pain stops when sitting?

30

Associated Associated ManifestationsManifestations Other symptoms that happen with this

illness

May describe loss of feeling in fingers as a part of diabetes

May describe an aura as part of a seizure

31

You never know what you are going to get…

32

Human Diversity

33

Human DiversityHuman Diversity

Differences in human beings Include many

characteristics Not limited to

any one

34

Types of Diversity

35

Cultural Diversity and Health Care We All Have It! Obvious Manifestations:

Religion Ethnicity (Race?) National Origin (language) Gender

36

Cultural Diversity and Health Care Less Obvious Manifestations:

Age Education Educational Status Mobility (including handicaps)

37

Cultural Diversity and Health Care

It is because we are different that each of us is special.

38

39

40

Gerontology The study of aging and diseases of

the elderly.

By the end of the 20th century 33 million, more than 12% of total population.

In 1900 only 4%, of population

41