Paulo Artaxo, Luciana Rizzo, Joel F. Brito, Henrique Barbosa , Andrea Arana, Elisa T. Sena,

Glauber G. Cirino, Wanderlei Bastos, Scot Martin, Meinrat O. Andreae

Institute of Physics, University of São Paulo, Brazil, artaxo@if.usp,br,

Faraday Discussions 165 – Tropospheric Aerosols

Leeds, 23 July 2013

Atmospheric aerosols in Amazonia and land use change:

from natural biogenic to biomass burning conditions

Long term (4 years) study on land use change in Amazonia. Effects on:

1. Aerosol population, composition, size distribution

2. Aerosol optical properties

3. Trace gas concentrations

4. Radiative forcing

5. Carbon uptake by the forest

Interaction between forest biology and aerosols is very strong for PBAP as well as SOA

Time series of aerosol optical depth at the Central and Southern Amazonia with MODIS (550 nm) and AERONET (500 nm) retrievals from 1999 to 2012.

Font

e: F

lávi

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Rio Negro

Manaus Rio Amazonas

Rbio Cuieiras

Foto

: Car

ina

Prad

o

Two long term monitoring stations in Amazonia

Manaus and Porto Velho

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5

-5

-15

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-80 -70 -60 -50 -40 -30

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-61-62-63-64

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-40 -30Porto Velho

Porto Velho aerosol and trace gases sampling location

Feb-08 Mar-08 May-08 Jul-08 Aug-08 Sep-08 Jan-10 Feb-10 Apr-10 May-10 Jul-10 Sep-10 Nov-10 Dec-10 Feb-11 Mar-11 May-11 Jul-11 Oct-11 Jan-12 Mar-12 Jun-1202468

101214161820

Manaus TT34 ZF2 PM10, fine and coarse mode aerosol 2008-2012

Fine Coarse

Ma

ss

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

µg

/m3

)

Feb-08 Mar-08 May-08 Jul-08 Aug-08 Sep-08 Jan-10 Feb-10 Apr-10 May-10 Jul-10 Sep-10 Nov-10 Dec-10 Feb-11 Mar-11 May-11 Jul-11 Oct-11 Jan-12 Mar-12 Jun-120

100200300400500600700800900

Manaus TT34 ZF2 equivalent black carbon fine and coarse mode aerosol 2008-2012

BCe

Conc

entr

ation

(ng/

m3)

Sep-09 Dec-09 Jun-10 Jul-10 Aug-10Aug-10 Sep-10 Nov-10 Feb-11 Aug-11 Oct-11 Jan-12 May-12Aug-12 Sep-120

50100150200250300

Porto Velho fine and coarse mode aerosol mass 1999-2012

Fine Coarse

Ma

ss

Co

nc

en

tra

tio

n (

ug

/m3

)

Sep-09 Dec-09 Feb-10 Jul-10 Jul-10 Aug-10Aug-10Sep-10 Oct-10 Dec-10 Feb-11 Apr-11 Sep-11 Oct-11 Jan-12 Apr-12 Jul-12 Aug-12Sep-120

5000

10000

15000

20000

25000Porto Velho Black Carbon 2009-2012 Fine and Coarse Mode

Fine Coarse

BC C

once

ntra

tion

(ng/

m3)

Porto Velho aerosol mass concentration and black carbon from 1999 to 2012

Aerosol size distributions:SMPS and AERONET

Manaus ACSM 2013 wet season measurements

ACSM measurements in Rondonia

Monthly statistics (2009 – 2012) for light scattering coefficient σs at 637 nm and light absorption coefficient σa at 637 nm in Mm-1 for Porto Velho (PVH, in black) and central Amazonia (TT34, in red).

Single Scattering Albedo Lower at the pristine site

Scattering, absorption and SSA in Manaus and Porto Velho

Average spatial distribution of the direct radiative forcing (DRF) of biomass burning aerosols in Amazonia during the dry season of 2010

CERES (Clouds and the Earth's Radiant Energy System) and MODIS

Land-use change radiative forcing. Forested areas are selected in red and deforested areas are selected in yellow.

Mean Diurnal Radiative Forcing due to change in surface albedo in

Rondonia: -7.3 + 0.9 W/m2

Mean Diurnal Aerosol Forcing Efficiency:

Forest: -22.5 + 1.4 W/m2

Cerrado: -16.6 + 1.7 W/m2

Water column difference by 6-10%

Forcing of water vapor column: -0.4 to -1.2 W m-2

Sena et al., 2013

Effects of aerosols on carbon uptake expressed as Net Ecosystem Exchange (NEE) at central Amazonia (TT34 forest preserved site), and at southern Amazonia (PVH impacted site).

Thanks for the attention!!!

Figure 1 – Annual deforestation rates in the Brazilian Amazonia from 1977 to 2012 measured by the PRODES (Projeto de Monitoramento do Desflorestamento na Amazônia Legal) program from INPE (The Brazilian National Institute for Space Research).

Annual deforestation rates in the Brazilian Amazonia from 1977 to 2012

Seasonal variability (2009 – 2012) of ozone volume mixing ratios in Porto Velho (PVH) and central Amazonia (Manaus TT34 tower). Circles represent median values, and bars represent 10 and 90 percentiles.

Diurnal variability in scattering and absorption