Pending ADA Regulations & Local Government Facilities

Preparing for Change

Presented by L. Scott LissnerMarch 5th, 2009

Objectives & Housekeeping

• Understand the historical context

• Identify a conceptual framework

• Know what questions to ask

• Know where to find the answers

• Respect the privacy of others

• Questions & Breaks

DISCLAIMERS• Make It Sound Easy• I am not an architect• I am not a lawyer• “Dragnet” disclaimer: The story you are about to read is

true; the names have been changed to protect the innocent

POWERPOINT PRESENTATIONSCAN BE DANGEROUS

NASA's Columbia Accident Investigation Board identified simplistic thinking from an over-reliance on PowerPoint presentations as a contributing factor in the Columbia shuttle

disaster. (New York Times Magazine 12/14/2003)

CAUTIONCAUTION

• 49.7 million people age 5 and over with a disability (19%)

25 million had difficulty walking a quarter mile, climbing 10 stairs, or used an ambulatory aid

18 million had difficulty carrying a 10-pound bag of groceries or grasping small objects.

8.0 million had difficulty hearing what was said in a normal conversation (even when wearing a hearing aid)

7.7 million had difficulty seeing the words and letters in a typical newspaper (even with glasses)

Why provide access?

• It is the right thing to do

• The value of diversity

• The Law

It Is The Right thing To Do

• Social Interactions define society and individuals

• Impairment is a dimension of human experience

• A society is no better than how it treats its most vulnerable persons

Diversity

• Disability is both unique and ubiquitous

• Disability is a catalyst for innovation

• Individuals with disabilities control over $175 billion in discretionary spending.

A History of Exclusion

• The Nazi T4 movement (the extermination of people with disabilities) set the stage for the Holocaust

• The eugenics laws of the Nazis were based on American science and law

• The last state eugenics law was repealed in 1968• Ugly Laws; Columbus 1972; Chicago 1974 • Public Schools could refuse disabled students until

1975; public colleges until 1978.

Disability History Portal: http://www.disabilityresources.org/HISTORY.html

Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act

“No otherwise qualified individual with a disability in

the United States, as defined in section 7(20), shall,

solely by reason of her or his disability, be excluded

from the participation in, be denied the benefits of,

or be subjected to discrimination under any

program or activity receiving Federal financial

assistance or under any program or activity

conducted by any Executive agency or by the

United States Postal Service.”

Basic Civil Rights Objectives of Section 504 and the ADA

• End isolation of persons with disabilities

• Secure equal opportunity

• Ensure equitable treatment

• Foster independence

• Prevent a hostile environment

Provide equally effective access to programs,

benefits and services for qualified individuals

with disabilities in the most integrated manner

possible

Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act 34 CFR 104 & Title II of the Americans With Disabilities Act 28 CFR 35

Americans With Disabilities Act

• Civil Rights law that protects individuals with disabilities from discrimination in:– Employment;– Public Accommodations– State & Local Government – Transportation– Telecommunications

From: XXXX Design ArchitectSent: Wednesday, April 07, 2004 8:51 AMTo: University ArchitectCc: Department Chair, University Engineer, ADA CoordinatorSubject: Phase I: Plan Review

  This area is illustrated on the attached plans, Rm.#42T, is an existing non-ADA-compliant toilet room, that we have deliberately not included in the scope of this project, to avoid the need to make it compliant. The door to this room swings outward into the passage (Rm. 42B) that now serves as egress for the on rooms 42 C,D & E. The passage is now a path of egress so the outward door swing is not permissible. If we change the door swing, we will be modifying the bathroom, which would then require an upgrade to ADA status.

EVERYTHING YOU DO!

Classes

Labs

Communication

New Construction

Alterations

Existing Facilities

Programs and Activities

Sporting Events

Tours

Plays and Concerts

Graduation

Community Events

Fairs

Exhibits

Websites

Housing

Medical Services

Outdoor Areas

Administrative Services

Food ServiceInformation Kiosks

Gym/Physical Education

Parking

EVERYTHING YOU DO!

Classes

Labs

Communication

New Construction

Alterations

Existing Facilities

Sporting Events

Tours

Plays and Concerts

Graduation

Community Events

Fairs

Exhibits

Websites

Emergency Shelters & Evacuation

Housing

Medical Services

Outdoor Areas

Administrative Services

Food ServiceInformation Kiosks

Parks play

Parking

Arenas & Stadia

All Programs & Activities

Sidewalks & Rights of way

DESIGN PHILOSOPHY & STANDARDS

• SAFE HARBOR• MINIMUM COMPLIANCE• FLOOR NOT CIELING • ANTHROPOMORPHIC DIVERSITY• USABILTY • SUSTAINABILITY• UNIVERSAL DESIGN

COVERAGE & APPROACH ROOTED IN STATUTE

• The Built Environment• The relationship of standards & statute • Exceptions

– Structural & Site Infeasibility– Equivalent Facilitation

• Zero tolerance for design error• Recognition of field tolerances• Usability & Technical Compliance• Safe Harbor

CHOOSING A STANDARD

•ANSI•ABA•UFAS•ADA Standards For Accessible Design•Fair Housing Act•IBC•State Building Codes•New ADA/ABA

• All new buildings and alterations must meet applicable accessibility standards– Construction after June 3, 1977 is considered new

construction under Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act– Construction after January 26, 1992 is considerd new

under the ADA– Revised Standards ???

• Includes supporting amenities and path of travel

The Built EnvironmentFacilities Access

DESIGN REQUIREMENTS

DESIGN CHOICES

Facilities Access Cycle

Maintenance Master Plan Capital Budgeting Program of Requirements Schematic Design Design & Development Contract Documents Construction Change Orders Punch List Maintenance

Establish An ApproachA Self Evaluation Model

• List Programs & Facilities• Map Use and Features• Choose a Survey Checklist• List Barriers (Facilities & Program)• Consider Capital-Planning Process• Analyze Program Access Options• Identify Barrier Removal Methods (permanent and

interim)• Develop A Schedule (Include an update cycle)• Assign Responsibility & Authority

DECISION MAKING IN A LOOSELY COUPLED SYSTEM

LOSELY COUPLED SYSTEMS & THE GARBAGE CAN MODEL OF

MANGAGEMENT

• The ad hoc decision making and unclear funding streams of decentralized decision making can result in barriers to access

SUPLIMENTS TO ADAAG

THE “NEW” ADAAG DOT AND DOJ

BEYOND ADAAG

New ADA-ABA Accessibility Guidelines Are In Progress

• Updates ADAAG & UFAS

• Harmonization, Consistency & Clarity– ICC/ANSI A117.1-2003 & IBC 2003

• Includes Previous supplements– State & Local Gov’t Facilities (1998)– Children’s Environments (1998) – Play Areas (2000)– Recreation Facilities (2002)

New ADA-ABA Accessibility

• New Format– Numbering system – New figures – All dimensions in text – New advisory notes

Retrofitting & Barrier Removal

Structural Infeasibility & Equivalent Facilitation

Renovation

Parking & Pedestrian Travel

New Construction

Universal Design Approach

• Person-Environment Interaction

• Maximum Usability

• Efficient Functioning

• Flexibility

• Aesthetics

• Cost

Requires Mindful Creativity of the Designer

• “Universal design is the design of products and environments to be usable by all people, to the greatest extent possible, without the need for adaptation or specialized design.”Ron Mace

• The intent of universal design is to simplify life for everyone by making products, communications, and the built environment more usable by as many people as possible at little or no extra cost. Universal design benefits people of all ages and abilities. UNC Center For Universal Design

Universal Design is:• Market driven• A process not a goal• Minimizing incompatibilities between conditions of people

and their environment• About form and function• Incorporates awareness of all users needs• Comfortable & safe for widest possible range of potential

users• Inclusive• Requires the mindful creativity of the designer

Universal Design is not:• Compliance with minimum accessibility regulations• Adding on a ramp or accessible features• One size fits all

Principles of Universal Design

• Equitable Use

• Flexibility in Use

• Clear and Intuitive Use

• Perceptible Information

• Tolerance for Error

• Low Physical Effort

• Size and Space for Approach and Use

Equitable Use

Welcoming to diverse groups; provides for equivalent if not identical participation and effort.

Consider characteristics such as height, weight, strength, vision, hearing gender, language and cultural/background of all potential users.

Flexibility in Use

Adaptability of the spaces over time and uses.

Flexibility in control by the users in interacting with specific elements and functions

At home, work & Play

Simple and Intuitive Use

Provides consistent forms, locations, and cues for way finding, operation or interaction.

Understandable to the novice and efficient for experienced users with diverse experience, cultural backgrounds, languages and educational levels

Perceptible Information

Communicate information effectively across the spectrum of ambient conditions (light, sound, activity) using a variety of modalities (tactile, visual, auditory, linguistic).

Where? What?

Tolerance for Error

Minimize hazards and the adverse consequences of unintended actions, variations in pace, or vigilance.

Provide warnings or fail safe features when needed.

Low Physical Effort

Efficient building systems.

Minimize user fatigue by reducing the need for sustained physical effort, allowing for neutral or ergonomic body positioning and reasonable operating forces.

Size & Space for Approach and Use

Appropriate space to approach and reach across the full range of user heights, sizes and relative position.

Appropriately sized elements to allow manipulation across a range of hand sizes, reach ranges and positions.

Equitable Use

Flexibilityin Use

Simple and Intuitive Use

Perceptible Information

Size and Space for Approach and Use

Low Physical Effort

Tolerance for Error

The Principles work most effectively The Principles work most effectively when used togetherwhen used together

Facilities Access• Appalachian State University, OCR Complaint #11-04-2049 • Spring Hill College, OCR Case #04-01-2068• California State University, Hayward, OCR Case #09-04-2016• Sacramento City College, OCR Case #09-03-2028• University of California, Berkeley OCR Case #09-00-2097• North Park University, OCR Case #05-04-6002• Berklee College of Music OCR Case #01-02-2060• Valdosta State Univ. OCR Case #04-98-2120 & 04-98-2131• Victor Valley Community District OCR Case #09-04-2024.)• University of California, Berkeley Settlement (2005)

– Buildings– Paths of Travel– Way Finding– Transportation– Evacuation– (http://equity.chance.berkeley.edu/Gustafson_Settlement.pdf)

• Duke University (2000)– (http://www.usdoj.gov/crt/foia/ncduke.html)

CHAPTER 1

Application and Administration

101 – Purpose

102 – Dimensions for Adults and Children

103 – Equivalent Facilitation

104 – Conventions

105 – Referenced Standards

106 – Definitions

Conventions

• Dimensions – range instead of absolute dimension where possible

• Construction and manufacturing tolerances (absolute dimensions)

• Calculation of percentages

• Figures – informational; text governs

Referenced Standards

• powered doors (ANSI/BHMA A156.10 & A156.19)

• elevators and lifts (ASME A17.1 & A18.1)• egress (IBC) • alarms (NFPA 72)• play surfacing & equipment (ASTM

standards)

CHAPTER 2

Scoping Requirements

Application (201)

Premise: All areas of newly designed/

constructed facilities to comply, unless indicated

Exceptions more thoroughly covered

Existing Buildings and Facilities (202)

• Additions

• Alterations

(specific exceptions now located at relevant provision)

• Primary Function Areas – Path of Travel

• Qualified Historic Facilities

ABA Application & Scoping (Chapters F1 & F2)

Consistent with ADA document except for:

• modifications and waivers (F103)

• definitions (F106)

• additions (F202.2)

• leased facilities (F202.6)

• employee work areas (full coverage)

• existing elements (F203.2)

General Exceptions (203)

• construction sites• raised areas• limited access spaces• machinery spaces• single occupant structures (e.g., toll booths)• certain common use spaces is detention and

correction facilities and residential facilities • employee work areas• various spaces in recreation facilities

ADA Work Areas

• “approach, entry, & exit” • circulation paths (in areas ≥ 1000 sq ft) • means of egress • visual alarm connection

(full access in ABA facilities)

ADA Employee Work Areas

Circulation paths accessible except where:

• Work areas < 1000 sq. ft. defined by permanent partitions, casework, counters, or furnishings

• paths = integral part of equipment

• exterior areas fully exposed to the weather

Accessible Routes (206)

Scoping for routes & route elements located in 206:

• location • entrances • doors • elevators • platform lifts • security barriers

Accessible Routes

• access not req’d if no pedestrian route provided • if circulation path = interior, accessible route = interior• mezzanines – vertical access not req’d where elevator not req’d • performance areas - direct connection from seating areas, where provided, must be accessible

Press Boxes

New exception:

• 500 sq ft or less (aggregate area)

• on bleachers entered on 1 level

• free-standing – elevated 12’ or more

Entrances (206.4)

At least 60% of public entrances to comply

Also:

• direct access from parking structures (all)

• direct access from tunnels or elevated walkways (at least 1)

• different fixed routes in transit facilities

• entrances to different tenant spaces

• restricted or secured entrances (at least 1)

Elevators (206.2)

Exceptions:

• Private facilities < 3 stories or < 3000 sq. ft./ story

• Public facilities (2 story) - if 1 story not open to public, occupancy of 5 or fewer

• Certain dwelling units & transient lodging guest rooms

Elevators (206.2)

Exceptions:

• Detention & correctional facilities

• Air traffic control towers (cab & floor below)

• Qualified historic facilities

Elevators (206.6)

Limited Use/ Limited Application (LULA)

Allowed:

• where standard elevator not required

• alternative to platform lifts

• in residential dwelling units (private residence elevator also permitted)

Means of Egress (207)

Reference to the International Building Code (IBC)

Standby power for platform lifts on egress routes

Parking (208)

Van Spaces - 1 of every 6 accessible spaces (instead of 1 of 8)

Passenger Loading Zones (209)

at least 1 for every 100 linear ft. of loading zone space provided

Stairways (210)

• all stairs that are part of a means of egress must comply

• exceptions for alterations & stairs in assembly areas

Drinking Fountains (211)

Where provided on an exterior site or floor,• 2 required: wheelchair accessible & standing

access• alternative: single unit with

dual access (e.g., “hi-lo” units)• multiple installations:

50% of each type

Kitchens, Kitchenettes, & Sinks (212)

• new provision – applies where provided

• covers sinks

(5% or at least 1)

• mop & service sinks exempted

Toilet & Bathing Facilities (213)

• Scoping for rooms & elements (e.g., toilets, lavs, mirrors)

• toilet rooms clustered

at 1 location: 50% scoping

• unisex toilet rooms

• Urinals - access where

more than 1 provided

Washing Machines and Clothes Dryers (214)

At least:

• 1 accessible where 3 or fewer provided

• 2 accessible where more than 3 provided

Fire Alarm Systems (215)

• public and common use areas

• employee work areas (wiring)

• transient lodging

• residential facilities

• alterations: compliance required where system upgraded or replaced or a new one is installed

Signs (216)

Scoping clarified:

• tactile/ visual – labels for permanent rooms & spaces, exit doors

• visual – directional or informational signs

• exempt: temporary signs, building menus, directories, addresses, company names and logos

Signs (216)

Specific provisions for:• means of egress• parking• entrances• elevators• toilet and bathing rooms• TTYs• assistive listening systems• check-out aisles• amusement rides

Telephones (217)

Volume controls on all public phones

Telephones – TTYs (217)

Scoping based on pay phones provided:

• banks – where 4 or more provided (exception for banks within 200 ft.)

• floors and buildings:

- where 1 provided (public building)

- where 4 or more provided (private bldg.)

• exterior sites – where 4 or more provided

Transportation Facilities (218)

• Rail Stations

• Key Stations and Existing Intercity Stations

• Bus Shelters

• Other Facilities (e.g., airports)

Assistive Listening Systems (219)

Required where:

• audible communication = integral to use of the space and

• audio amplification provided

(except courtrooms)

No longer based on fixed

seating or occupant load

ATMs & Fare Machines (220)

Access to at least 1

of each type at each

location

Assembly Areas (221)

Wheelchair Spaces

lower scoping for

assembly areas with

more than 500 seats:

• 501 – 5,000 seats: 1 space/ every 150 seats (instead of 1%)

• > 5,000: 0.5% scoping

Assembly Areas (221)

Provisions for:

• luxury boxes, club boxes, and suites (spaces req’d in each per scoping table)

• tiered box seating

• team and player seating areas (recreation rule)

Assembly Areas (221)

Dispersion of wheelchair spaces –

to provide choices of seating locations & viewing angles “substantially equal to, or better than,” the choices of all other spectators

Assembly Areas (221)

Spaces must be dispersed:

• horizontally (side-to-side)

• vertically (front-to-back) at “varying distances” from the performance area, screen, or playing field

Assembly Areas (221)

Assembly Areas (221)

Other Changes:

• companion seat

for each space

(can be movable)

• designated aisle seats - reduced number (5% of aisle seats, instead of 1% of total)

• lawn seating - accessible route

Dressing, Fitting, & Locker Rooms (222)

Access to at least 5% of each type of use in each cluster

(no change from original ADAAG)

Storage (225)

• Lockers (5%)

• Self-service shelving

• Self-service storage spaces:

- 5% (up to 200)

- 2% (over 200)

Dining & Work Surfaces (226)

Access to at least 5%, not fewer than 1

[no change from original ADAAG]

Does not apply to employee work surfaces in ADA facilities

Sales & Service Counters (227)

• Sale counters

• Service counters

• Check-out aisles

• Food service lines

• Queues

• Waiting lines

Depositories, Vending/ Change Machines, Mail Boxes,

Fuel Dispensers (228)

• at least 1 of each type to be accessible

• mail boxes – 5% of each type

Two-Way Communication Systems (230)

• applies where provided

• audible and visual signals

Judicial Facilities (231) Detention & Correctional

Facilities (232)

Developed as supplement to ADAAG (1998)Included without change

Judicial Facilities provisions for courtrooms & holding cells

Detention and Correctional Facilities 2% scoping for cells

Residential Facilities (233 & F233)

Covers public housing (ADA, ABA)

In general, private housing not covered by ADA (may be covered by Fair Housing)

Residential Facilities (233)

Recognize Rehabilitation Act (section 504) regs

issued by Dept. of Housing & Urban Development

HUD’s 504 Regulations:• at least 5% of units accessible (in multi-family

projects of 5 or more units) • at least 2% - accessible communication features • consistent with guidelines but also cover how

scoping applies to housing “projects”

Residential Facilities (233)

Other housing (not covered by HUD regs):

• 5% wheelchair accessible

• 2% communication access features

Residential Facilities (233)

exceptions for:

• facilities with 15 or fewer units

(scoping can be applied to number of units constructed under a single contract even if on different sites)

• units for sale

(subject to DOJ’s ADA regulations or HUD’s section 504 regulations)

Recreation Facilities (234 - 243)

• amusement rides (234)• recreational boating facilities (235)• exercise machines (236)• fishing piers and platforms (237)• golf facilities (238)• miniature golf facilities (239)• play areas (240) • saunas and steam rooms (241)• swimming pools, wading pools, and spas (242)• shooting facilities with firing positions (243)

TECHNICAL CHAPTERS(3 – 10)

Technical Chapters

3 – Building Blocks

4 – Accessible Routes

5 – General Site & Building Elements

6 – Plumbing Elements & Facilities

7 – Communication Elements & Features

8 – Special Rooms, Spaces & Elements

9 – Built-in Elements

10 – Recreation Facilities

Building Blocks (Chapter 3)

• Floor or Ground Surfaces• Changes in Level• Turning Space• Clear Floor/ Ground Space• Knee & Toe Clearance• Protruding Objects• Reach Ranges• Operable Parts

Knee Space (306)

Toe Space (306)

Reach Ranges (308)

Max. Reach – 48”

Min. Reach – 15”

(forward & side)

Accessible Routes (Chapter 4)

• Accessible Routes• Walking Surfaces• Doors, Doorways, Gates• Ramps• Curb Ramps• Elevators• Limited Use/ Limited Application Elevators• Private Residence Elevators• Platform Lifts

Walking Surfaces (403)

(Portions of accessible routes

that slope no more than 1:20)

• minimum separation (48”)

between reduced clear widths

• handrails along walking

surfaces req’d to comply

Doors, Doorways, & Gates (404)

Recessed doors addressed

Ramps (405)

• slope for level landings (1:48 max.)

• edge protection (clarified specs)

• exceptions for ramps in work areas

(width, handrails)

Curb Ramps (406)

Detectable Warnings – no requirement on curb ramps

Rulemaking on public rights-of-way to revisit issue

Elevators (407- 409)

• Standard Elevators

• Destination-Oriented Elevators

• Existing Elevators (alterations)

• Limited Use/ Limited Application Elevators

• Private Residence Elevators

Standard Elevators (407)

Car sizes – more alternatives

designs providing turning space within car recognized

Destination-Oriented Elevators (407)

• keypads

• car arrival signals

• identification of cars at hoistway (tactile)

• car control location

• door and signal timing

• car position/ destination indicators

LULA Elevators (408)

• required compliance with ASME A17.1

• alternate specs: doors, car size, controls

• not subject to specs for door timing, door delay, car position indicators

Private Residence Elevators (409)

• allowed only in residential dwelling units

• required compliance with ASME A17.1

Platform Lifts (410)

• Industry standard: ASME A18.1 (1999 or 2003)

• low-energy, powered gates/doors req’d (except on 2-stop lifts with opposing gates/doors)

Means of Egress & Areas of Rescue Assistance

• Technical requirements not included

• Scoping (207) references

technical requirements

in the IBC

General Site & Building Elements (Chapter 5)

• Parking

• Passenger Loading Zones

• Stairways

• Handrails

Parking (502)

• angled vans spaces (aisle on passenger side)

• sign height (60” min.)

• marking of

access aisles

Van Spaces (502)

3’ of width can be provided within space

or aisle

Passenger Loading Zones (503)

• aisles - same level as pull-up space

• aisles to be marked

• no level changes

in space or aisle

Stairways (504)

• riser height (ANSI A117.1)

• riser slope

Handrails (505)

criteria for circular & non-circular cross sections

gripping surface – more detail, more options

Handrails (505)

• handrail/ surface clearance: 1 ½” min. (not absolute)

• diameter: 1 ¼” – 2” (not 1 ½” max.)• dimension applies to outer diameter

(clarification)• removed: 12” min. extension at bottom

of stairs

Plumbing Elements & Facilities (Chapter 6)

• Drinking Fountains • Toilet & Bathing Rooms• Water Closets & Toilet Compartments• Urinals• Lavatories & Sinks• Bathtubs• Shower Compartments• Grab Bars• Seats• Washing Machines & Clothes Dryers• Saunas & Steam Rooms

Drinking Fountains (602)

• forward approach - all wheelchair units

• revised specs for spout location & water flow

• clear floor space to be “centered”

• height for standard units: 38”- 43”

Toilet Rooms & Water Closets (603 & 604)

• Range for toilet centerline • lavatory cannot overlap

toilet clearance (except in dwelling units)

Toilet Rooms & Water Closets (603 & 604)

• lavatory can be recessed• shorter (24” min.) rear

grab bar allowed

Toilet & Bathing Rooms (603)

Space for side transfers provided

Toilet & Bathing Rooms (603)

Door can swing into fixture clearances if clear floor space provided beyond door swing

Toilet & Bathing Rooms (603)

Turning space (which door can swing into) and door clearances further define room size

Water Closets (604)

Other changes/ clarifications:

• objects permitted to overlap clearance (grab bars, dispensers, etc.)

• flush controls (standard reach range)

• toilet paper dispenser location

Water Closets (604)

revised location for toilet paper dispenser

Wheelchair Compartments (604)

Standard Stall

60” min. wide

depth: • 56” min. (wall hung toilet)

• 59” min. (floor-mounted or children’s toilet)

Lavatories & Sinks (606)

• apron clearance (29” min.) removed

• parallel approach - kitchen sinks in spaces without cook tops/ conventional ranges

• removable cabinetry - sinks & lavs in dwelling units (if certain conditions met)

Bathtubs (607)

additional 12” clearance beyond permanent seat

Shower Compartments (608)

Alternate design permitted in any facility

Grab Bars (609)

• wider diameter – 2” max. (instead of 1 ½”)

• circular and non-circular cross sections

• (4” – 4.8” perimeter dimension; 2 ” max. cross section dimension)

Grab Bars (609)

Grab Bars (609)

12” min. clearance above

1 ½” min. below

Seats (610)

More detail on:

• Size

• Shape

• location in showers

• removable tub seats

Washing Machines & Clothes Dryers (611)

• clear floor space (parallel approach)

• operable parts

• door height

• front-loading, top-loading

Communication Elements & Features (Chapter 7)

• Fire Alarm Systems• Signs • Telephones• Detectable Warnings• Assistive Listening Systems• ATMs & Fare Machines• Two-Way Communication Systems

Fire Alarm Systems (702)

NFPA 72

(1999 or 2002)

guidelines require

110 dB max.

Visual Alarms (702)

NFPA 72 covers:• flash rate & pulse duration• location - wall & ceiling• minimum intensity (based on coverage area)• larger coverage thru fewer appliances• many spaces (other than corridors) can

be covered by 1 appliance• synchronization of multiple appliances

Signs (703)

• Raised characters

• Braille

• Visual characters

Raised Characters (703)

• sans serif

• character proportion, height, spacing

• line spacing

• height (48” – 60”)• placement at doors

Braille (703)

• dimensions specified (e.g., dot height, base diameter)

• limited use of uppercase notation

• location below raised letters (3/8” min. separation)

Tactile Signs (703)

Visual Characters (703)

• “conventional form”• character proportion, height, & spacing• location (40” min. height)• stroke thickness • line spacing • finish & contrast

(visual signs with raised characters & Braille subject only to finish & contrast specs of 703)

Pictograms (703)

Telephones (704)

• volume control – to 20 dB

(12 dB intermediate step)

• automatic reset

TTYs – 34” min. height keyboard (in use) except where seats provided

Detectable Warnings (705)

greater range of designs & products allowed

• dome diameter (range) • spacing (range) • removed: resiliency/ sound-on-cane contact• color contrast doesn’t have to be integral

Assistive Listening Systems (706)

• receiver jacks (1/8”)• hearing-aid compatible • receivers (neckloops)• new criteria from Board research (sound pressure level, signal-to-noise

ratio, peak clipping level)

ATMs & Fare Machines (707)

Speech Output• recorded or digitized human, or synthesized• privacy • output covered (instructions, visible

prompts, etc.)• user control – repeat, interrupt, volume

control• operable parts – differentiation by sound or

touch

Two-Way Communication Systems (708)

• visual and audible signals• handsets (cord length)• systems serving dwelling units (TTY

connection)

Special Rooms, Spaces & Elements (Chapter 8)

• assembly areas • dressing, fitting, and locker rooms• kitchens and kitchenettes• medical care and long-term care• transient lodging• prison cells• courtrooms• dwelling units• transportation facilities• storage

Wheelchair Spaces (802)

lines of sight over seated/ standing spectators

• shoulder-to-shoulder

• same elevation

• size, quality, comfort, amenities =

to other seating in area

Companion Seats (802)

Dressing, Fitting, & Locker Rooms (803)

• door swing into turning space (if wheelchair space beyond swing)

• Benches (903)

• clearances (pass through, U-shaped)

• work surfaces (residential)

• sinks (forward approach specified, but exceptions provided in 606)

• storage

• appliances

Kitchens and Kitchenettes (804)

Appliances:

• clearances/ operable parts

• dishwashers

• ranges and cooktops

• ovens

• refrigerators and freezers

Kitchens and Kitchenettes (804)

• turning space

• beds

• benches

• toilet/ bathing facilities

• communication features

(alarms, telephones)

Holding Cells & Housing Cells (807)

• jury boxes

• witness stands

• judges’ benches

• courtroom stations

• turning space

Courtrooms (808)

• accessible routes

• kitchens

• toilet & bathing facilities

• communication features

provisions in other technical chapters

(e.g., adaptable grab bars, base cabinetry at sinks in Ch. 6)

Residential Dwelling Units (809)

• bus boarding/

alighting areas

• bus shelters

• rail stations

• airports

Transportation Facilities (810)

Built-In Elements (Chapter 9)

• Dining & Work Surfaces

• Benches

• Check-Out Aisles & Service Counters

Knee & toe

clearances (306)

Dining & Work Surfaces (902)

• clear floor space (parallel to short axis) • size (42” min. long, 20” – 24” deep)

Benches (903)

Benches (903)

Back support -

new specifications

Sales & Service Counters (904)

• access – full depth of counter

• parallel or forward approach

• removed: alternatives to fully accessible counter

• apply whether or not cash register provided

• exception for alterations

• security glazing – voice communication

Recreation Facilities (Chapter 10)

• amusement rides • recreational boating facilities• exercise machines • fishing piers and platforms • golf facilities • miniature golf facilities • play areas • swimming pools, wading pools, and spas • shooting facilities with firing positions

ADA-ABA Guidelines1 – Application

2 – Scoping

3 – Building Blocks

4 – Accessible Routes

5 – General Site & Building Elements

6 – Plumbing Elements & Facilities

7 – Communication Elements & Features

8 – Special Rooms, Spaces & Elements

9 – Built-in Elements

10 – Recreation Facilities

When will the new requirements take effect?

ADA:

• Adoption by DOJ and DOT as new enforceable standard

• DOJ and DOT will set effective dates

• Until then, original ADA standards

to be followed

When will the new requirements take effect?

ABA:

• Adoption by standard-setting agencies

(DOD, GSA, HUD, USPS)

• Agencies will set effective dates

• Until then, UFAS to be followed (some agencies apply ADAAG as well)

Presenter• L. Scott Lissner

• ADA Coordinator, The Ohio State University

• Associate, John Glenn School of Public Policy

• Lecturer, Moritz College of Law, Knowlton School Of Architecture & Disability Studies at The Ohio State University

• Most recent publications

– Universal Design in the Institutional Setting: Weaving a Philosophy into Campus Planning; 2006 NEA

– From Legal Principles TO Informed Practice J.E. Jarrow & L.S. Lissner; 2005 AHEAD

• BA, Rutgers Univ.; MA, Hunter College; ABD UVA• Lissner.2@osu.edu