PENN FOSTER 986718 GENETICS STUDY GUIDE

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Penn Foster Exam Answers

TUTORIAL: Includes final exam guide with answers for final exam.

Individual Assignment: Genetics 986718

1. Autosomes are _______ chromosomes.A. abnormalB. nonsexC. homologousD. haploid

2. From the cross Aa × Aa, the probability of producing a homozygous dominant offspring isA. 50%.B. 75%.C. 25%.D. 100%.

3. The two types of cell cycle genes that, if mutated, cause cancer cells to divide uncontrollably are calledtumor suppressor genes andA. proto-oncogenes.B. cancer genes.C. telomeres.D. growth factors.

4. The goal of _______ is to use cells and tissues to treat human illnesses or injuries.A. gene therapyB. therapeutic cloningC. reproductive cloningD. clone therapy

5. Which of the following best defines nondisjunction?A. Repetitive replications of the same piece of a chromosomeB. Complete exchange of chromosome piecesC. Loss of a piece of a chromosomeD. Failure of chromosome pairs to separate

6. A parent with type AB blood could not produce a child with typeA. B.B. O.C. AB.D. A.

7. Which one of the following is a characteristic of cancer cells?A. They have a specialized structure and function.B. They result in uncontrolled growth.C. They can’t travel to other parts of the body.D. They’re usually either nerve cells or cardiac muscle cells.

8. Which of the following processes occurs during meiosis and not mitosis?A. Crossing-overB. Crossing-underC. CytokinesisD. Cytogenesis

9. Which one of the following phrases best describes the human karyotype?A. Sex chromosomes along with 23 pairs of autosomesB. X and Y chromosomes and 22 pairs of autosomesC. 46 pairs of autosomesD. One pair of sex chromosomes and 22 pairs of autosomes

10. The phase of cell division in which chromosomes align on the spindle equator halfway between thespindle poles isA. prophase.B. anaphase.C. telophase.D. metaphase.

11. If a piece of DNA breaks off from a chromosome and attaches itself to a nonhomologous chromosomeat another location, what type of change has occurred?A. DuplicationB. TranslocationC. InversionD. Deletion

12. When you notice that someone has unusually blue eyes, you’ve noticed theirA. hybridization.B. genotype.C. allele.D. phenotype.

13. Which one of the following strands of DNA is the complement strand toC-C-A-T-C-G?A. G-G-A-T-G-CB. T-T-G-C-T-AC. A-A-C-G-A-TD. G-G-T-A-G-C

14. If a cell has 18 chromosomes, how many chromosomes would each daughter cell have after mitosis?A. 9B. The number can’t be determined.C. 18D. 36

15. Two organisms, each with the genotypes TtGg, mate. The chance of producing an offspring that hasthe dominant phenotype for height (T) and the recessive phenotype for color (g) isA. 9/16.B. 7/16.C. 3/16.D. 11/16.

16. A woman who isn’t colorblind but has an allele for color blindness reproduces with a man who hasnormal vision. What is the chance that they’ll have a colorblind daughter?A. 100%B. 0%C. 25%D. 50%

17. Which of these is true of meiosis?A. 2n → nB. n → nC. 2n → 2nD. n → 2n

18. _______ have the potential to develop and specialize into any cell type, which means they’reA. adult stem cells; totipotent.B. embryonic stem cells; totipotent.C. embryonic stem cells; multipotent.D. adult stem cells; multipotent.

19. Which of the following is an example of an X-linked recessive disorder?A. Huntington diseaseB. MethemoglobinemiaC. Color blindnessD. Sickle cell disease

20. How does mitosis in plant cells differ from that in animal cells?A. Animal cells lack a cell plate.B. Plant cells lack spindle fibers.C. Animal cells lack cytokinesis.D. Plant cells lack centrioles.