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Perforating Modeling : Testing the Curves
Hanaey Ibrahim, Bruno Alves, Brenden Grove, Andy Martin, Shafie Jumaat
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Agenda
• The Rock Penetration Model
• Model Implementation in the Perforating Software
• Two shaped charges in Oman
• Laboratory test
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3 December 2013MENAPS 13-06
• Laboratory test
• Results
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15151515
20202020
25252525
Penetration Penetration Rock Rock based based model (SPEmodel (SPE--151846)151846)D
oP
(in
) )( ,0 birefbi FF
ref eDoPDoP−
=α
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0000
5555
10101010
0000 5555 10101010 15151515 20202020 25252525Fbi, Ballistic Indicator Function (function of UCS and effective stress)
Each characterization has DoPref and α
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15151515
20202020
25252525
Penetration Penetration Rock Rock based modelbased modelD
oP
(in
) )( ,0 birefbi FF
ref eDoPDoP−
=α
DoPDoPDoPDoPrrrrefefefef
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3 December 2013MENAPS 13-06
0000
5555
10101010
0000 5555 10101010 15151515 20202020 25252525Ballistic Indicator Function (function of UCS and effective stress)
FFFFbi,refbi,refbi,refbi,ref
Each characterization has DoPref and α
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15151515
20202020
25252525
Penetration Penetration Rock Rock based modelbased modelD
oP
(in
) )( ,0 birefbi FF
ref eDoPDoP−
=α
DoPDoPDoPDoPrrrrefefefef
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3 December 2013MENAPS 13-06
0000
5555
10101010
0000 5555 10101010 15151515 20202020 25252525Ballistic Indicator Function (function of UCS and effective stress)
DoPDoPDoPDoPrrrrefefefef
FFFFbi,refbi,refbi,refbi,ref
DoPref changed and α fixed
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15151515
20202020
25252525
Penetration Penetration Rock Rock based modelbased modelD
oP
(in
) )( ,0 birefbi FF
ref eDoPDoP−
=α
DoPDoPDoPDoPrrrrefefefef
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3 December 2013MENAPS 13-06
0000
5555
10101010
0000 5555 10101010 15151515 20202020 25252525Ballistic Indicator Function (function of UCS and effective stress)
FFFFbi,refbi,refbi,refbi,ref
DoPref fixed and changing α
αααα
αααα
αααα
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Comparing Charges
New generation charge
4.5” Gun 5spf in 7” casing:4.5” Gun 5spf in 7” casing:4.5” Gun 5spf in 7” casing:4.5” Gun 5spf in 7” casing:
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Previous generation charge
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Rock Model Implementation in the Software
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Software
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Rock Model Penetration Software Workflow
Modified section 2 rock test
12 shots with various
rock/stress combinations(Ballistic Indicator Function, FBI)
Characterize charge(Harvey et al)
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New penetration model(Harvey et al)
Casing, Fluid Correction(Saucier, Regalbutto, etc)
Perforating Modeling Software
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Rock Model Implementation in the Software
Other scenarios ?
� Carbonates
� Very hard rock
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� Very hard rock
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Characterization: Sandstones vs Carbonates
(SPE -151846)
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Characterization: Very Hard Rock (SPE-151846)
DoP
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Fbi20,000
Zero
Penetration ?
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DoP
Characterization: Very Hard Rock (SPE-151846)S
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Fbi20,000
DoPmin
� Laboratory experiment of very hard rock ( SPE-159771 and IPS-12-04)
� New parameter DoPmin implemeted
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Perforating Software Rock Model Implementation
� Carbonates
� Very hard rock
� Whole range of charges, new and old:
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Fbi
DoP
and old:
� Full characterization
� Approximated characterization
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Two “Approximated” Charges in Oman
Charge- BCharge-A
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Verification Test
• Laboratory tests conducted in May-2013
• 9-shot test for each Charge-A and Charge-B:
– 3 shots with Castlegate sandstone cores (1515 psi)
– 3 shots with Berea sandstone cores (7852 psi)
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– 3 shots with Crab Orchard sandstone cores (21,830 psi)
– All above with confinement pressure 5000psi
• Penetration results plotted against FBI and regressions
performed to established new DoPref and α. These new
parameters are now being used in the perforating software.
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Charge-A ResultNew
Old
Delta
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Charge-B ResultNew
Old
Delta
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Summary
• Charge-A delta penetration from -0.25 to 0.75 inch
• Charge-B delta penetration from 1.5 to 2.2 inch
• Charge-A and B are now fully characterized delivering
additional simulation confidence for both charges.
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additional simulation confidence for both charges.
• Other approximated characterized charges expected not to
be far off reality.