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PETROLEUM SYSTEMS MODELING CHALLENGES OF
STRUCTURALLY COMPLEX FRONTIER BASINS: THE
CASE OF THE LEVANT (EAST-MED) BASIN
A PROPOSED INTEGRATED APPROACH
F.H. NADER1,
J. Barabasch2, L. Inati1, M. Ducros1, S. Bou Daher2, B. Carpentier1, N. Hawie3, R. Littke2
1 Geosciences Division, IFP Energies nouvelles (France) 2 RWTH Aachen University (Germany) 3 Beicip-Franlab (France)
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Levant Basin Integrated Research Projects
IFPEN & Extended Network (since 2011)
Industry Partners: •Statoil •Maersk Oil •Total •OMV…
STRATIGRAPHY, STRUCTURAL GEOLOGY AND PETROLEUM SYSTEMS OF THE LEVANT BASIN
www.pgs.com
INTRODUCTION
THE LEVANT BASIN (EAST-MED. REGION)
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R E S P O N S I B L E
O I L A N D G A S
The Eastern Mediterranean region proven to be world-class, frontier deepwater hydrocarbon province.
More than 60 Tcf of natural gas were
discovered offshore Israel, Cyprus and Egypt; e.g. Tamar field (world’s largest deepwater natural gas discovery in 2009).
New plays have been confirmed in un-explored areas; e.g. Zohr field (carbonates, offshore Egypt).
In addition, the giant gas province of the
Nile Delta –increase up to 42 Tcf of gas reserves.
The Levant Basin is characterized by a lack of data, a complex geodynamic history, and high exploration costs. Recent seismic acquisitions and interpretations place it as ‘natural laboratory’ for improving numerical modelling.
Nader et al. (2016)
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R E S P O N S I B L E
O I L A N D G A S
GEODYNAMICS
Mesozoic extension in the Tethyan domain: Creation of the East-Med basins
Frizon de Lamotte et al. (2011)
P.B: Palmyra Basin L.B: Levant Basin
Middle Jurassic
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R E S P O N S I B L E
O I L A N D G A S
GEODYNAMICS
Middle Jurassic Mesozoic to Cenozoic convergence, collision, and escape tectonics Africa, Arabia and Eurasia
Late Maastrichtian
Modified from Bellahsen et al. (2003) Hawie (2014)
Oligocene Middle Miocene to Present
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R E S P O N S I B L E
O I L A N D G A S
Ghalayini et al. (2015) Modified from Walley (1998) and Brew et al. (2001)
TECTONONICS
NE trending anticlines (Late Miocene); NNE-SSW thrust faults (active in the
Tertiary); ENE-WSW strike-slip faults (Active - HC Migration paths)
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R E S P O N S I B L E
O I L A N D G A S
Nader et al. (2016)
SEDIMENTARY PILE: 5,500 to 9,000m – Sed. Thickness (Mount Lebanon) 7,500 to 11,500m – Sed. Thickness (Bekaa) 12,000 to 14,000m – Sed. Thickness (OFFSHORE)
METHODOLOGY
INTEGRATED WORKFLOW AND MODELLING TECHNIQUES
R E S P O N S I B L E
O I L A N D G A S
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EAST MEDITERRANEAN CRUSTAL MODELING - 2018
• What is the architecture and the nature of the crust in the Levant basin and surroundings?
• How can the crustal evolution be recreated with integrated geophysical data analysis?
• How does understanding crustal characteristics help in constraining the heat flow evolution (major input for sedimentary basin models)?
Constraining tectonic evolution
Improving earthquake evaluation
Rigidity of the crust
Properly assessing petroleum systems
Lama Inati, H. Zeyen, F.H. Nader, M. Adelinet, and M. Rahhal
R E S P O N S I B L E
O I L A N D G A S
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EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN CRUSTAL MODELING
Lama Inati, H. Zeyen, F.H. Nader, M. Adelinet, and M. Rahhal
R E S P O N S I B L E
O I L A N D G A S
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13
2D CRUSTAL MODELING - DATA
R E S P O N S I B L E
O I L A N D G A S
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2D CRUSTAL MODELING – PROFILE 1
Refraction data SW of the ECB
LAB
LB HB
Onshore Herodotus
Asthenosphere
Moho
R E S P O N S I B L E
O I L A N D G A S
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2D CRUSTAL MODELING – PROFILE 1
LB HB
Onshore Herodotus
Lithospheric Mantle Moho
R E S P O N S I B L E
O I L A N D G A S
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INTEGRATED STRATIGRAPHIC MODELING WORKFLOW
Steps for constraining reservoir fairways in frontier HC basins
R E S P O N S I B L E
O I L A N D G A S
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Hawie et al. (2013) Mitchum et al. (1977) Catuneanu et al. (2009)
F3
F7
F1 Hemipelagic deposits
Fan lobes or turbidites
Channel
5 km
10
0 m
s TW
T
3D 25 km Defining Seismic
Facies, representing depositional environments. Mapping Seismic Facies belts on 2D seismic profiles, and suggesting GDE maps.
WORKFLOW
Seismic interpretation (1)
R E S P O N S I B L E
O I L A N D G A S
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Middle Miocene Upper Miocene
Hawie et al. (2015)
Proposing GDE maps and / or block-diagrams showing the paleo-geography, depositional environments, and input sources of sediments for each stratigraphic interval.
WORKFLOW
Conceptual geological model (3)
R E S P O N S I B L E
O I L A N D G A S
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Inte
grat
ed
wo
rkfl
ow
fo
r b
asin
Ge
o-m
od
elin
g
Barabasch (2016)
RESULTS
INTEGRATED GEO-MODELS
R E S P O N S I B L E
O I L A N D G A S
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W
E
Stratigraphic Model Mesozoic
Numerical simulation were achieved interval by interval (separately) and were calibrated by the means of the geological conceptual models. The progradation of the Jurassic platform carbonates along the Levantine margin and the Base Cretaceous regressive sand cycles were, hence, properly simulated.
STRATIGRAPHIC MODELING
Barabasch (2016) Hawie et al. (2013)
Stratigraphic architecture
R E S P O N S I B L E
O I L A N D G A S
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(Hawie et al., 2013)
z = x15 z = x15
By tuning the input sources for clastics sedimentation in the Oligo-Miocene, meaningful simulations for the silici-clastic and carbonate systems can be achieved.
STRATIGRAPHIC MODELING
Turbidite system sources
Distal Nile basin floor fan from south
Arabian plate from east
Model parameters
Up to Qs,total =3650 [km3/Ma]; Qw,
total=10200 [m3/s]
Ksand=1; Kshale=5
Barabasch (2016)
Carbonates and silici-clastics basin infill (source to sink)
R E S P O N S I B L E
O I L A N D G A S
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Link to Seismic Data
The simulated stratigraphic facies distributions in 3D allow comparison and calibration with 2D seismic sections (interpreted for seismo-stratigraphic facies), as well as with thicknesses (isopach maps).
STRATIGRAPHIC MODELING
Barabasch (2016)
Calibration and quality control
Hawie et al. (2013)
Hawie et al. (2013)
R E S P O N S I B L E
O I L A N D G A S
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Cenozoic - stratigraphic reservoirs
Upper Cretaceous/ Eocene Marls - regional seal - possible barrier for fluid flow
Chouf Sand - possible reservoirs - distal extension towards basin
Messinian Salt - massive regional seal
Upper Cretaceous and Jurassic Carbonate Platforms
STRATIGRAPHIC MODELING
Reservoir fairways and petroleum systems
Barabasch (2016)
R E S P O N S I B L E
O I L A N D G A S
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PETROLEUM SYSTEMS MODELING
STRATIGRAPHIC MODEL BASIN MODEL
Petroleum System Basin Model - Petrophysical facies maps
Stratigraphic Model - Depositional facies maps
Barabasch (2016)
A common Facies/Petrophysical
Library
R E S P O N S I B L E
O I L A N D G A S
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PETROLEUM SYSTEMS MODELLING
TemisFlowTM basin model of the Levant Basin with
simplified lithological facies (Bou Daher, 2015).
Analytical Modelling
(TOC, TIC, TS, RE, XRF, XRD, δ13Corg, VRr, Macerals analyses, GC, GC-MS,
kinetics)
Bou Daher et al. (2014) – Bou Daher et al. (2015) S. Bou Daher et al. (2016)
SOURCE ROCKS
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R E S P O N S I B L E
O I L A N D G A S
PETROLEUM SYSTEMS MODELING
Bou Daher et al. (2016)
TemisFlowTM (Beicip-Franlab)
100 km
Temperature °C 330 °C
14 °C
67 °C
120 °C
174 °C
227 °C
280 °C
Northern Levant Basin 3D Petroleum Systems Modeling
R E S P O N S I B L E
O I L A N D G A S
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Offshore Margin
Onshore Mt. Lebanon
Onshore Bekaa Valley
Bou Daher et al. (2016)
MATURATION
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R E S P O N S I B L E
O I L A N D G A S
Bou Daher et al. (2016)
PETROLEUM SYSTEMS
R E S P O N S I B L E
O I L A N D G A S
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PETROLEUM SYSTEMS MODELLING
FAULTS – FLUID MIGRATION AND PRESSURE
Fault set up basin model at 0 Ma
Increased vertical permeability for active faults
Ghalayini et al. (2014)
CONCLUSIONS
RESULTS AND WAY FORWARD
R E S P O N S I B L E
O I L A N D G A S
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Levant Basin Research Projects = Integrated Approach for Frontier Basin Studies
Regional Synthesis
HC Maturity – Bio/Thermogenic
Geodynamics Tectonics – Stratigraphy – Organic Matter
F. Stratigraphic Model Crustal Model
Towards forward stratigraphic / basin geo-models
Seismic Data
Basin PS Model
Hawie
Papadimitriou
Ghalayini
Symeou
Evans
Inati
Bou Daher
Grohmann
R E S P O N S I B L E
O I L A N D G A S
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12th workshop of the International Lithosphere Program (ILP) Task force on Sedimentary Basins (29 October – 2 November 2017)
Lithosphere Dynamics of Sedimentary Basins at Plate Boundaries & Related Analogues
Call for Participation 1 Dec 2016 Registration 15 April 2017 Abstract Submission End 30 July 2017
2017 HORIZONS: Dynamics of landscape evolution and its interaction with deep Earth processes Coupling Earth observation methodologies to solid Earth dynamics Volcanism and related processes at all scales Sedimentary Basin systems and geo-resources Geo-hazards and sustainable geo-resources Rock-fluids interactions in sedimentary basins New concepts on the East-Med. geology
http://cyprusconferences.org/ilp2017/