Pharmacology Tutoring for Antidiarrheals, Laxatives, and GI DisordersBy Alaina Darby

When 8.85L of fluid is reabsorbed in the intestine and colon, what is the excretion considered?a. Constipationb.Normalc. Diarrhea

When 8.8L of fluid is reabsorbed in the intestine and colon, what is the excretion considered?a. Constipationb.Normalc. Diarrhea

When 8.935L of fluid is reabsorbed in the intestine and colon, what is the excretion considered?a. Constipationb.Normalc. Diarrhea

Which of the following absorbs the most fluid from the gut?a. Duodenumb.Jejunumc. Ileumd.Colon

Sally is taking tetracycline for a bacterial infection. Which of the following laxatives would she need to avoid?a. Metamucilb.Mitrolanc. Citruceld.Cologel

Rick is taking warfarin and is constipated. Which of the following bulk forming laxatives would he need to avoid?a. Metamucilb.Mitrolanc. Citruceld.Cologel

Hannah has constipation and has started taking a bulk forming laxative. She has developed an allergic reaction and her stomach has begun frequently gurgling. Which laxative is she most likely taking?a. Cologelb.Doxinatec. Effer-sylliumd.Mitrolan

Sandy is pregnant and in her third trimester. She is constipated and is needing a laxative. Which of the following should she not take?a. Doxinateb.Colacec. Neolidd.Poloxame

Which of the following is a non-ionic surfactant?a. Doxinateb.Surfakc. Poloxamerd.Castor oil

Judy is constipated but is also experiencing abdominal pain, nausea, and vomiting. Which of the following is a surfactant laxatives that would be suitable for her?a. Doxinateb.Surfakc. Poloxamed.Castor oil

Which of the following is not a mechanism of action for stimulant laxatives?a. Increased permeability of intestinal mucosab.Inhibition of prostaglandin synthesisc. Increased intestinal secretionsd.Back diffusion of water and electrolytes

Which of the following laxatives would be most potent?a. Citrucelb.Doxinatec. Dulcolaxd.Citroma

Suzie has developed abdominal pain nephritis and pink urine. What laxative is she taking?a. Senokotb.Modanec. Dulcolaxd.Citrucel

Which of the following osmotic laxatives also increases cholecystokinin?a. Visicolb.Cephulacc. Citromad.Golytely

Which of the following is not a magnesium containing laxative?a. Epsom saltb.Cephulacc. Milk of magnesiad.Citroma

Which of the following is a phosphate containing laxative that is given prior to colonoscopy?a. Golytelyb.Visicolc. Cephulacd.Lubiprostone

Which of the following osmotic laxatives also acidifies the urine?a. Visicolb.Cephulacc. Citromad.Golytely

Which of the following describes the action of lubiprostone?a. Activates intestinal chloride channels to

increase secretion and mobilityb.Activates intestinal chloride channels to

decrease secretion and mobilityc. Activates intestinal calcium channels to increase

secretion and mobilityd.Activates intestinal calcium channels to

decrease secretion and mobility

Which of the following is not a mechanism through which diarrhea is caused?a. Increased osmotic load in the intestineb.Excessive secretion of electrolytes and waterc. Decreased absorption of protein and fluid to the

mucosad.Increased intestinal motility

Which of the following would not be advised in the event diarrhea caused by an invasive organism?a. Amphogelb.Charcoalc. Pepto-bismold.Metamucil

Which of the following would be effective to prevent Traveler’s diarrhea?a. Amphogelb.Charcoalc. Pepto-bismold.Metamucil

Which of the following opioids is available over-the-counter?a. Diphenoxylate with atropineb.Loperamidec. Codeine phosphate and sulfated.Paregoric

Which of the following is not a mechanism of opiates?a. Decrease secretionsb.Decrease motilityc. Decrease sphincter muscle toned.Decrease cramps

What is the following is not true anticholinergic antidiarrheal agents?a. They are used as anti-spasmotics to alleviate

crampsb.Propantheline can be used for urinary retentionc. These agents may cross the BBB to produce CNS

side effectsd.Phenobarbital + atropine (Donnatal) is available

over the counter

Which of the following is not a goal for inflammatory bowel disease treatment?a. Control inflammationb.Reduce morbidityc. Maintain nutritional statusd.Correct the underlying condition

Which of the following acts as a local anti-inflammatory agent?a. Sulfasalazineb.Mesalaminec. Olsalazined.Sulfapyridine

Which of the following causes adverse effects such as anemia, rash, and impotence in its present form?a. Sulfasalazineb.Mesalaminec. Olsalazined.Sulfapyridine

Which of the following begins to be released in the jejunum?a. Mesalamine DR capsulesb.Mesalamine pH-sensitive Release tabletsc. Olsalazined.Sulfasalazine

Which of the following is typical treatment for inflammatory bowel disease?a. Mercaptopurine and entanerceptb.Infliximab alonec. Mercaptopurine and infliximabd.Infliximab and entanercept

Which of the following is true of portal systemic encephalopathy?a. It is a consequence of renal failureb.It is an increase in blood ammonium levelsc. It can be treated with neomycin to reduce

bacteria in the colond.It can be treated with lactulose to alkalize the

urine

Which of the following is not true of GERD?a. Associated with relaxation of the lower

esophageal sphincterb.Increased gastric emptying is commonc. Incompetent sphincter function is commond.Esophageal mucosa has impaired resistance to

injury

Which of the following describes Barrett’s esophagus?a. It is the name for a stricture in the esophagusb.It is the name for patches cancerous tissue in

the esophagusc. It is the name for severe erosion and deep

ulcerations in the esophagusd.It is the name for growth of the stomach lining

into the esophagus

Which of the following is not a therapy to primarily treat the condition that concerns the readiness of gastrointestinal contents to reflux?a. Eat smaller mealsb.Prokinetic drugsc. Bed elevationd.Avoidance of coffee

Eric has Parkinson’s and is experiencing recurring heartburn. Which of the following medications would he be least likely to take?a. Ranitidineb.Metoclopraminec. Omeprazoled.Famotidine

Doug has begun taking metoclopramine for his recurring heartburn. Which of the following would not be contraindicated for him to take with this prokinetic treatment?a. Tranycypromineb.Phenelizinec. Cimetidined.Isocaraboxazid

Which of the following is not a mechanism of metocloparmide?a. D2 receptor blockadeb.Release of acetylcholinec. Inhibition of serotonin released.5HT 4 Receptor agonism

Which of the following is not a pharmacological action of metocloparamide?a. Stimulate GI smooth muscleb.Accelerate gastric emptyingc. Decrease LES pressured.Increase esophageal contractions

Steven is excreting 240mL of fluid in his stool. He has just visited a foreign country where he is believed to have gotten a parasite that is causing this issue. Which of the following might be beneficial to him?a. Castor oilb.Lactulosec. Paregoricd.Metamucil