Photosynthesis

Gymnosperm

Angiosperm

Draw…• Page 673-plant and label parts• Page 732-flower and label

parts

• Find functions of all parts. Use your entire textbook if needed! (INDEX)

Click on picture

Leaf Cross Section (Pg 170/688)

• Cuticle• Upper and lower epidermis• Palisade and spongy mesophyll• Vein• Xylem/Phloem• Stomata • Guard cells

Autotrophs or Heterotrophs

Frequency versus Wavelength

Click image for my red, your red

Click for colorblind test

Hmm??

What Pigments Are Shown In Each??

Ok soooo how are we feeling…

…before we get into the hard stuff??

Plant and Leaf• What is the difference between a gymnosperm and an angiosperm?• What are the differences between a monocot and a dicot? Are they

(monocots and dicots) gymnosperms or angiosperms?• What are the two systems of a plant? How do they communicate

with each other?• What is the evolutionary relationship between terminal buds and

auxillary buds?• What are the four whorls of a flower? What are their functions?• What is the relationship between a sporophyte and a gametophyte?• What is the cycle of growth for an annual? Perennial? Biennial? • How does carbon dioxide get into the plant? • How does a plant avoid losing its needed water?

Light and Pigments

Chloroplasts

Here We Go!!!!!!!!

Light Dependent Reactions

Non Cyclic Video

Light Dependent Reactions

Light Dependent Reactions

Light Dependent Reactions

• Goal of light energy is to create ATP and NADPH to power the light independent reaction. The key to forming is the flow of energy through the PS. There are 2 routes, the cyclic and the noncyclic. The noncyclic is the predominant.

Non Cyclic Flow

Non Cyclic Flow

Non Cyclic Flow

Finally…end of Non Cyclic

Thylakoid Membrane

A

Photosystem ___

A

Photosystem ___

Outside Thylakoid

Inside the Thylakoid

Electron Transport Chain

ADP NADP+

+Stroma for Calvin Cycle

Light Dependent Reaction

Cyclic

Cyclic

And now…Light Independent

• Uses ATP and NADPH (produced in LDR)• Regenerates its starting material after

molecules enter and leave the cycle• What enters??• Carbon Dioxide

• What leaves??• Sugar (G3P-glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate)

Who is involved??

• For one molecule of G3P to be made, it takes 3 times around the cycle (in other words, it needs 3 CO2 molecules)

• Calvin cycle has 3 parts: Carbon fixation, reduction, regeneration of CO2

Calvin Cycle

• Carbon Fixation• CO2 attaches to a 5-C sugar (RuBP-ribulose

bisphosphate) using the enzyme rubisco making a 6-C that immediately turns into 2 3-C phosphoglcerates.

• *Since the cycle is done for 3 CO2s, it is actually 3 5-C + 3 CO2 6 3-C

Calvin Cycle

• Reduction• 2. 3-phosphoglycerate gets a phosphate group

from ATP forming 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate

• 3. 1,3-bisphosphoglycerate is reduced to G3P (glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate) through reducing NADPH to NADP+ (G3P has more energy than 1,3bis)

Calvin Cycle

• 4. 1-G3P exits for every 3 CO2s that enter because 5-G3Ps have to continue for the cycle to be able to repeat.

• Regeneration• 5. 5-G3Ps are rearranged into 3 5-C RuBP. This

arrangement takes 3 ATPs to ADPs. Then RuBP can join with more CO2 and start over again.

• *1 G3P (becomes glucose)= 9 ATP and 6 NADPH

C4 Plants

CAM Plants