phuong phap nghien cuu khoa hoc TrinhBayC3.ppt

7/28/2019 phuong phap nghien cuu khoa hoc TrinhBayC3.ppt

1/29

Chng 3: Thiet ke nghien cuChng 3: Thiet ke nghien cu CacCac mucmuc chnhchnh trongtrong chngchng naynay lala::

33..11--ThietThiet keke vanvan ee nghiennghien cucu 33..22-- CauCau tructruc (hoach(hoach nh)nh) vanvan ee vava thietthiet kk

n hienn hien cucu

33..33--VanVan ee cuacua nguyennguyen nhannhan

33..44--ThTh nghiemnghiem coco ienien

33..55--CacCac nghiennghien cucu thietthiet keke khackhac 3.63.6--Cac yeu cau trong thiet ke nghien cuCac yeu cau trong thiet ke nghien cu


2/29

3.13.1--Thiet ke van e nghien cuThiet ke van e nghien cu Thiet ke nghien cuThiet ke nghien cu la bao gom toan bo kela bao gom toan bo ke

hoach lien ket nhan thc van e nghien cu vihoach lien ket nhan thc van e nghien cu vi

nghien cu thc nghiem thch hp va co thenghien cu thc nghiem thch hp va co thelam clam c

N hien cu thc n hiemN hien cu thc n hiem la tien hanh e tra lila tien hanh e tra li

cac cau hoi nghien cucac cau hoi nghien cu Chon thiet ke nghien cuChon thiet ke nghien cu trong chien lc latrong chien lc la

chon tong the c thc hien vi muc chchon tong the c thc hien vi muc chtmtmc cach tiep can phu hpc cach tiep can phu hp e tra li van ee tra li van enghien cu bang phng cach tot nhat co thenghien cu bang phng cach tot nhat co thetrong khuon kho cac rang buoc cho trc (thitrong khuon kho cac rang buoc cho trc (thi

gian, kinh ph, ky nang)gian, kinh ph, ky nang)


3/29

3.13.1--Thiet ke van e nghien cu (tt)Thiet ke van e nghien cu (tt) ThietThiet keke vanvan ee saisai sese ratrat khokho khankhan ee tratra lili

cc caccac caucau hoihoi atat rara.. LapLap bangbang hoihoi sai,sai,khongkhong roro rangrang sese khongkhong thuthu cc caccac thongthong tintincancan chocho phanphan tchtch.. VV vayvay thietthiet keke nghiennghien cucu lala

concon phanphan tchtch soso lieulieu cc chocho lala vaivai trotro kyky thuatthuatayay tt

ThietThiet keke nghiennghien cucu lala phaiphai tratra lili cc caucau hoihoisausau::

Toi thc s can cai g e tra li cho cac cau hoiToi thc s can cai g e tra li cho cac cau hoinghien cu cua toi?nghien cu cua toi?


4/29

3.23.2-- Cau truc van e va thiet ke nghien cuCau truc van e va thiet ke nghien cu HayHay xemxem xetxet caccac thth dudu sausau ayay:: ((11)) MotMot angang phaiphai chnhchnh trtr cancan tientien hanhhanh thamtham

dodo ee xemxem xetxet tyty lele ngingi ungung hoho hoho.. ayay lala motmotvanvan ee caucau tructruc.. angang chnhchnh trtr bietbiet thongthong tintin

((22)) MotMot congcong tyty quangquang caocao aa aa rara haihai banban

quangquang caocao vava cancan bietbiet banban naonao trongtrong haihai banban lalaquangquang caocao coco hieuhieu quaqua.. TrongTrong trngtrng hphp naynayvanvan ee nghiennghien cucu cc caucau tructruc.. CongCong tytyquangquang caocao cancan bietbiet banban naonao trongtrong haihai banban quangquangcaocao (A(A vava B)B) lala tottot nhat,nhat, hoachoac AA hnhn B,B, hoachoac BBhnhn AA hoachoac A=BA=B..


5/29

3.23.2-- Cau truc van e va thiet ke nghien cuCau truc van e va thiet ke nghien cu

HnHn the,the, trongtrong trngtrng hphp nay,nay, quangquang caocao cccoicoi lala cancan nguyennguyen mama coco thethe aa rara motmot tactac

dungdung naonao oo nhnh ss nhannhan bietbiet c,c, ss quanquantamtam hoachoac nhunhu caucau muamua hanghang

oan so an ang cua cong y a g amoan so an ang cua cong y a g amtrong 3 thang lien tuc. Ban quan ly khong biettrong 3 thang lien tuc. Ban quan ly khong biettai sao. Trong trng hp nay, ban quan ly phaitai sao. Trong trng hp nay, ban quan ly phai

thc hien mot quan sat.thc hien mot quan sat. Ban quan ly khong bietBan quan ly khong bietcai g la nguyen nhan giam doanh so ban. aycai g la nguyen nhan giam doanh so ban. ayla van e khong c cau trucla van e khong c cau truc


6/29

3.23.2-- Cau truc van e va thiet ke nghienCau truc van e va thiet ke nghien

cu (tt)cu (tt) CacCac thth dudu trentren chch rara rangrang caccac vanvan ee coco

thethe khackhac nhaunhau trongtrong caucau truc,truc, hoachhoach nhnhtctc lala lamlam thethe naonao ee chungchung cc hieuhieu roro..DaDa vaovao caucau tructruc vanvan e,e, chungchung tata coco thethe

phanphan bietbiet giagia baba loailoai thietthiet keke nghiennghien cucu:: ThietThiet keke nghiennghien cucu:: CauCau tructruc vanvan ee:: 11.. ThamTham dodo KhongKhong caucau tructruc 22.. MoMo tata CauCau tructruc 3. Nguyen nhan Cau truc3. Nguyen nhan Cau truc


7/29

Thiet ke tham doThiet ke tham do Khi nao van e nghien cu rat kho hieu, mot thietKhi nao van e nghien cu rat kho hieu, mot thiet

ke nghien cu tham do (t hoac nhieu) la thchke nghien cu tham do (t hoac nhieu) la thchhphp

Tron th du ba neu tren con t hai tienTron th du ba neu tren con t hai tien

hanh ieu tra nguyen nhan, thu thap d kienhanh ieu tra nguyen nhan, thu thap d kien Khi co c cac thong tin, van e c ro hnKhi co c cac thong tin, van e c ro hn

va cuoc khao sat tham do ket thuc, cau hoiva cuoc khao sat tham do ket thuc, cau hoic tra li.c tra li.


8/29

Thiet ke mo taThiet ke mo ta Trong nghien cu mo ta, van e c cau trucTrong nghien cu mo ta, van e c cau truc

(hoach nh) va hieu ro(hoach nh) va hieu ro Xem xet trng hp khi mot cong ty can xem xetXem xet trng hp khi mot cong ty can xem xet

quy mo th trng Mquy mo th trng M Van e hay nhiem vu can giai quyet la ro rang.Van e hay nhiem vu can giai quyet la ro rang.

, ,, ,nh ngha th trng la g?nh ngha th trng la g?

Co phai la mot so ngi, ngi mua thc tai vaCo phai la mot so ngi, ngi mua thc tai va

tiem nang oi vi san pham (X) cu the trong mottiem nang oi vi san pham (X) cu the trong mota ban cu the mot thi iem c xac nh (1a ban cu the mot thi iem c xac nh (1nam), hay la cai g khac?. Nhiem vu cua nginam), hay la cai g khac?. Nhiem vu cua nginghien cu luc nay la phai a ra c thong tinnghien cu luc nay la phai a ra c thong tinnay.nay.


9/29

Thiet ke mo ta (tt)Thiet ke mo ta (tt) TomTom lai,lai, caccac acac tnhtnh chuchu yeuyeu cuacua nghiennghien cucu

momo tata lalass caucau tructruc vanvan eevava ayaycaccac thuthu tuctucvavacaccac quyquy tactac lala roro rangrang

bienbien soso (nh(nh nghiennghien cucu moimoi quanquan hehe didi dandan viviviecviec lam,lam, thuthu nhapnhap;; nghinnghin cucu tctc ngng caca cccc

yuyu tt qunqun ll nn hiuhiu ququ hayhay nngnng sutsut cngcngtyty))


10/29

Thiet ke nguyen nhanThiet ke nguyen nhan TrongTrong nghiennghien cucu nguyennguyen nhannhan,, caccac vanvan e e vivi ss

khaokhao satsat kyky lnglng cungcung aa cc caucau tructruc

TuyTuy nhien,nhien, ngcngc lailai vivi nghiennghien cucu momo ta,ta, trongtrong

trngtrng hphp nay,nay, ngingi nghiennghien cucu phaiphai oioi diendien vivinhngnhng vanvan nguyennguyen nhannhan vava ketket qua,qua, nhnh

iiii thieuthieu trontron th th dudu veve uanuan caocao hanhan trentren

NhiemNhiem vuvu chnhchnh trongtrong nghiennghien cucu naynay lala phaiphai tachtachbietbiet nhngnhng nguyennguyen nhan,nhan, vava noinoi lenlen xemxem coco hayhaykhongkhong vava enen chngchng mcmc naonao thth nguyennguyen nhannhanketket quaqua coco hieuhieu lclc

ThTh dudu caccac caucau hoihoi trongtrong nghiennghien cucu nguyennguyen nhannhan

lala LoaiLoai thuocthuoc oo coco hieuhieu lclc hayhay khong?khong? hayhayViVi lieulieu lnln naonao thth thuocthuoc coco hieuhieu lclc nhat?nhat?..


11/29

3.23.2-- Cau truc van e va thiet ke nghienCau truc van e va thiet ke nghien

cu (tt)cu (tt)

KhiKhi xemxem xetxet caccac thietthiet keke nghiennghien cucu vanvan eecc lala chon,chon, ngingi nghiennghien cucu cancan suysuy nghnghee tmtm dangdang thietthiet keke nghiennghien cucu phuphu hp,hp, vava

caucau oo aa rara c oc o ngng ng enng en c uc u ayay aa:: DangDang thietthiet keke nghiennghien cucu naonao lala thchthch hphp chocho

vanvan ee nghiennghien cucu cuacua toi?toi?


12/29

3.33.3--Van e cua nguyen nhanVan e cua nguyen nhan

VanVan ee cuacua nguyennguyen nhannhan vava ketket quaqua cc goigoi lala

lyly thuyetthuyet tutu vienvien trongtrong nghiennghien cucu.. CoCo thethe bieubieudiendien lyly thuyetthuyet naynay bangbang cachcach sausau ayay.. GiaGia ss cocohaihai bienbien soso XX vava YY.. MoiMoi quanquan hehe giagia XX vava YY

n n sausau:: XX YY (X(X nguyennguyen nhannhan cuacua Y)Y)

YY XX (Y(Y nguyennguyen nhannhan cuacua X)X)

XX YY (( quanquan hehe nhannhan quaqua quaqua lai)lai)

XX YY (( khongkhong coco quanquan he)he)..


13/29

3.43.4--Th nghiem co ienTh nghiem co ien Co hai nhom bao gomCo hai nhom bao gom nhom thc nghiemnhom thc nghiem, tc, tc

nhom ma tac nhan kch thch th nghiem cnhom ma tac nhan kch thch th nghiem c

ch nh th nghiem, vach nh th nghiem, va nhom kiem chngnhom kiem chngkhong boc lo tac nhan kch thch th nghiem Okhong boc lo tac nhan kch thch th nghiem O11,,

22

,,

X la tac nhan kch thch th nghiemX la tac nhan kch thch th nghiem hay goi lahay goi labien tac nhanbien tac nhan--bien oc lapbien oc lap

R ch s ngau nhienR ch s ngau nhien, tc cac oi tng c ch, tc cac oi tng c chnh mot cach ngau nhien cho hai nhom thnh mot cach ngau nhien cho hai nhom thnghiem va kiem chngnghiem va kiem chng


14/29

3.43.4--Th nghiem co ienTh nghiem co ien

S o 3.1: Th nghiem co ieS o 3.1: Th nghiem co ie

Nhom th nghiemNhom th nghiem Nhom kiem chngNhom kiem chngR RR R

TrcTrc thth n hiemn hiem OO OO

XX

SauSau thth nghiemnghiem OO22 OO44

KhacKhac bietbiet (O(O22--OO11)) (O(O44--OO33))


15/29

3.43.4--Th nghiem co ien (tt)Th nghiem co ien (tt)

BienBien phuphu thuocthuoc lala ss oo lnglng tactac ongong naonao

ayay.. NeuNeu nh nh nhannhan to to kchkch thchthch ththnghiemnghiem coco tactac ong,ong, khikhi oo::

(O(O22--OO11)> (O)> (O44--OO33)) Trong th nghiem, ngi nghien cu phai kiemTrong th nghiem, ngi nghien cu phai kiem

tra cac bien oc lap, tc luan giai co the loi keotra cac bien oc lap, tc luan giai co the loi keocac ieu kien th nghiem khac nhau. Tai saocac ieu kien th nghiem khac nhau. Tai saocan s dung cac nhom kiem chng?can s dung cac nhom kiem chng?


16/29

Th duTh du GiaGia ss 100100 ngingi vivi chuanchuan oanoan cumcum aa cc

chch nhnh ngaungau nhiennhien vivi haihai nhomnhom:: nhomnhom thth

nghiemnghiem gomgom nhngnhng benben nhannhan coco ss dungdung thuoc,thuoc,tctc traotrao chocho motmot tactac nhannhan kchkch thchthch ththnghiemnghiem bangbang motmot tactac ongong cuacua thuoc,thuoc, vava nhomnhom

emem c ngc ng aa cc aoao ap,ap, ongong coco acac n ann ankchkch thchthch thth nghiem,nghiem, tctc khongkhong coco tactac ongongcuacua thuocthuoc

CacCac oioi tngtng aa cc chch dandan quayquay lailai sausau motmottuantuan vava sausau oo atat caucau hoihoi anh/chanh/ch coco camcamthaythay tottot hnhn khong?khong?.. KetKet quaqua cc thethe hienhien

quaqua bieubieu didi ayay::


17/29

Bieu 3.1: Hoan thien bao cao trong hainhom th va kiem tra

Nhom Tong so Th Kiem

ng em c ngCamthay tot

hn

Co 80% 20% 50%

Khong 20% 80% 50%

Tong 100% 100% 100%

N (50) (50) 100


18/29

Giai thch ket quaGiai thch ket qua

Ket qua kiem tra cua bang 3.1 cho thay ty leKet qua kiem tra cua bang 3.1 cho thay ty le

cao cua nhom th nghiem c tng trnh totcao cua nhom th nghiem c tng trnh tothn so vi trng hp cua nhom kiem chnghn so vi trng hp cua nhom kiem chng

ac et trong ao cao et qua a ac et trong ao cao et qua a co yco yngha thong kengha thong ke, tc ieu o rat co kha nang la, tc ieu o rat co kha nang lathuoc a co mot tac ong. S luan giai cthuoc a co mot tac ong. S luan giai c

xem xet nh la nguyen nhan trong trngxem xet nh la nguyen nhan trong trnghp nay.hp nay.


19/29

3.43.4--Th nghiem co ien (tt)Th nghiem co ien (tt)

BienBien ococ laplap coco thethe oo lnglng motmot cachcach rachrach roiroinhieunhieu hnhn haihai giagia trtr

ChChngng hn,hn, motmot congcong tyty muonmuon bietbiet cachcach naonaotrongtrong caccac chienchien lclc banban hanghang lala coco hieuhieu quaqua

n an a :: quaqua enen oa ,oa , quangquang cao ,cao ,(ban(ban trctrc tiep)tiep) hoachoac SS44 (ban(ban trctrc dien+quangdien+quangcao)cao)..

ToiToi coco bietbiet caccac bienbien ococ laplap vava phuphu thuocthuoc cuacuatoitoi lala g?g?

MotMot thth nghiemnghiem lala thchthch hp?hp?


20/29

3.53.5--Cac nghien cu thiet ke khacCac nghien cu thiet ke khac

ThietThiet keke nghiennghien cucu moimoi quanquan hehe tngtng quanquan..NguyenNguyen nhannhan (oc(oc quangquang cao),cao), ketket quaqua (sc(scmua)mua) cungcung aa cc oo trongtrong cungcung motmot thithi giangian..

ayay aa n ngn ng caca gg cc gogo aa ee ee ng enng encucu matmat catcat cheocheo hayhay thietthiet keke nghiennghien cucu tngtngquanquan

Kiem chng bien so th baKiem chng bien so th ba


21/29

Bieu 3.2: Sang kien mi theo quy mo to chc

Mc o sang kienmi

Qui mo to chc Tongso

Nho Ln

Thap 80% 20% 50%

Tong so 100% 100% 100%

n 50 50 100


22/29

3.53.5--Cac nghien cu thiet ke khac (tt)Cac nghien cu thiet ke khac (tt)

Ngi nghien cu muon biet xem nganhNgi nghien cu muon biet xem nganh

co phai la yeu to giai thch hay khongco phai la yeu to giai thch hay khong Bang viec kiem chng theo nganh, ketBang viec kiem chng theo nganh, ket

qua c the hien qua bieu 3.3 di ayqua c the hien qua bieu 3.3 di ay


23/29

Bieu 3.3: Kiem tra oi vi bien so th ba

Mc osang kien

mi

Nganh Tongso

Qui mo tochc nganh I Qui mo tochc nganh II

Thap 20% 20% 80% 80% 50%

Tong so(%)

100 100 100 100 100%

n 25

(nho)

25

(ln)

25

(nho)

25

(ln)

100


24/29

3.53.5--Cac nghien cu thiet ke khac (tt)Cac nghien cu thiet ke khac (tt) KetKet quaqua bieubieu 33..33 baybay gigi aa chch chocho thaythay quiqui momo

toto chcchc khongkhong coco tactac ongong.. McMc oo thaythay oioitrongtrong sangsang kienkien mimi cc giaigiai thchthch bangbang tactacongong theotheo nganhnganh

ThTh dudu naynay concon dangdang nn giangian.. oo nhieunhieu hnhnhaihai loailoai trongtrong moimoi bienbien cungcung coco thethe co,co, cungcung nhnhcoco thethe kiemkiem chngchng nhieunhieu hnhn motmot bien,bien, nhnh

kiemkiem chngchng bienbien thth 55,, thth 66 KiemKiem chngchng chocho caccac bienbien khackhac coco thethe thcthc hienhien

bangbang phanphan tchtch tngtng quanquan tngtng phanphan..


25/29

3.53.5--Cac nghien cu thiet ke khac (tt)Cac nghien cu thiet ke khac (tt) TrongTrong thietthiet keke nghiennghien cucu matmat catcat cheo,cheo, soso lieulieu

veve bienbien phuphu thuocthuoc vava bienbien ococ laplap cc thuthu thapthaptaitai cungcung motmot aa iemiem theotheo thithi giangian

NgiNgi nghiennghien cucu thngthng thuthu cc caccac quanquan satsat

veve motmot hienhien tngtng xayxay rara quaqua chuoichuoi thithi giangian ThietThiet keke thithi giangian tieutieu bieubieu nhnh sausau::

OO11 OO22 OO33,, x,x, OO44 OO55 OO66..


26/29

3.63.6--Cac yeu cau trong thiet ke nghien cuCac yeu cau trong thiet ke nghien cu Cac yeu cau nao can phai thoa man vi van eCac yeu cau nao can phai thoa man vi van e

thiet ke nghien cu hien tai?thiet ke nghien cu hien tai?

Yeu cau th nhatYeu cau th nhat la can chon muc ch nghienla can chon muc ch nghiencucu

Yeu cau th haiYeu cau th hai la can co la cac gia thuyet cola can co la cac gia thuyet colien quan.lien quan.

KhiKhi caccac yeuyeu caucau thietthiet keke cc thoathoa manman caccac

quyetquyet nhnh cancan phaiphai cc tientien hanhhanh veve caccac yeuyeucaucau sese cancan phaiphai at,at, caccac thongthong tintin cancan thietthiet phaiphaicc thuthu thapthap..


27/29

3.63.6--Cac yeu cau trong thiet ke nghien cuCac yeu cau trong thiet ke nghien cu

CacCac quyetquyet nhnh quanquan trongtrong coco thethe baobao gomgom:: CacCac bienbien soso cancan cc oo nhnh thethe nao?nao? CacCac loailoai soso lieu?lieu? ThTh capcap hayhay ss cap?cap? NeuNeu lala thth cap,cap, nguon?nguon?

NeuNeu lala s s capcap lamlam thethe naonao ee thuthu thap?thap? QuaQuaquanquan satsat hayhay phongphong van?van? Neu phong van, oi tng can phong van?, CacNeu phong van, oi tng can phong van?, Cac

cau hoi cho phong van, ngi i phong van?,cau hoi cho phong van, ngi i phong van?,Lam sao e chon mau, kch thc mau canLam sao e chon mau, kch thc mau canchon?.chon?.


28/29

Cac cau hoi thao luan:Cac cau hoi thao luan:

11)) ThietThiet keke nghiennghien cucu lala g?g? CacCac loailoai thietthiet kekenghiennghien cu?cu? ChoCho thth dudu veve moimoi loai?loai?

22)) XacXac nhnh bienbien ococ laplap vava phuphu thuocthuoc trongtrongvanvan ee nghiennghien cucu cuacua ban?ban? CachCach thth nghiemnghiemtactac onon cuacua bienbien theotheo momo hnhhnh thth n hiemn hiem..

33)) CacCac yeuyeu caucau trongtrong thietthiet keke nghiennghien cu?cu? atatmucmuc chch nghiennghien cucu vava giagia thuyetthuyet nghiennghien cucuchocho vanvan ee nghiennghien cucu cuacua banban..


29/29

Bi tp 2:Bi tp 2:

TTchnchn vnvn nghinnghin cucu bibi tptp 11;;

((11)) LmLm rr mcmc tiutiu cncn giigii quytquyt (mc(mc tiutiuNC)NC);;

((44)) ChnChn thitthit kk nghinnghin cucu phph hphp;;

((55)) XcXc nhnh cccc binbin cc lp,lp, binbin phph thucthuc;;

(6) Xy dng cc gi thuyt nghin cu(6) Xy dng cc gi thuyt nghin cu

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phuong phap nghien cuu khoa hoc TrinhBayC3.ppt