Mass The amount of matter in an object. Measured in grams or
kilograms
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Order from most mass to least
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Weight The amount of pull of gravity between an object and
Earth. Objects with more mass weight more. Balances are used to
measure an objects mass by allowing gravity to pull the object
down.
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Volume The amount of space taken up by an object. Measured in
Cubic centimeters The volume of a cube that measures 1 cm on each
side. The volume of an object equals the number of cubes it takes
to fill that object.
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Graduated Cylinders Used to find the volume of a liquid or a
solid. Measured in milliliters (mL)
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Volume of a liquid Pour a liquid into a graduated cylinder. To
read the volume, read the number that is below the curved line or
meniscus.
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Volume of a solid Water displacement Put water into a container
with measurements and record the measurement. Place the solid into
the container with water. Measure where the water level rises to.
The amount the water rises is the solids volume.
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Measuring Density Which one of these solids is more dense?
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What is density? Density is how much matter is packed into a
certain space of an object. The units we use for density are g/cm 3
if were measuring a solid and g/mL if were measuring a liquid.
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Divide Multiply How do we calculate density? Density is
calculated using the formula D = M/V Density is mass divided by
volume. If we know 2 of these numbers, we can calculate the 3 rd.
Remember this triangle: D = Density M = Mass V = Volume D epartment
of M otor V ehicles D = M/V M = D x V V = M/D
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Lets try some practice problems 1.The density of a shell is 1.2
g/cm 3 and the volume is 10 cm 3. What is its mass? 2.The mass of a
rock is 450 g and its volume is 15 cm 3. What is its density? 3.The
mass of an element is 32 g and its density is 4.0 g/cm 3. What is
its volume?
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Density of water Water has a very special property. How much
mass does 1 mL of water have? If 1 mL of water has a mass of 1 g,
what is its density? We can use this number to determine whether
something will float on water or not by finding the objects density
and deciding if it is greater than or less than 1.
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Why is it important to know the density of a solid or liquid?
The density of a solid or a liquid is used to identify it. Example:
every piece of gold has a density of 19.3 g/cm 3
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Physical Properties can be observed or measured without
changing the composition of matter. used to observe and describe
matter.
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includes: Appearance texture color odor melting point Boiling
point density solubility
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Physical Changes takes place without any changes in molecular
composition.
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Melting Point As solid matter is heated it eventually melts or
changes into a liquid state at the melting point.
http://www.cleanvideosearch.com/media/action/yt/watch?videoId=foQhHfsyPIc
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Boiling Point As the liquid matter is heated further it
eventually boils or vaporizes into a gas at the boiling point.
Suspensions Made of parts that separate upon standing. Emulsion
The short time the substances are mixed together
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Colloids Contains undissolved particles or droplets that stay
mixed in another substance. liquid water Fog = droplets or ice
crystals suspended in the air Smoke = a collection of airborne
solid and liquid particulates and gases
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Solutions A mixture of one substance dissolved in another so
the properties are the same throughout. All parts have the same
properties such as color, odor, and taste.
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Parts of a Solution Solute the substance that becomes
dissolved. Solvent the part that dissolves a substance. Mixture Hot
chocolate!
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Solubility the property of a solid, liquid, or gas (solute) to
dissolve in a solid, liquid, or gas (solvent) to form a
solution.
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Alloys A solid solutions of one or more metals and other
solids. How they are made: 1.heating, melting, and mixing the parts
together. 2.The solution cools and hardens. 3.The parts remain
dissolved in each other in the solid phase.
Buoyant Force An object is submerged in a fluid. The fluid
pushes in on the object. The push is greater on the bottom than the
top, so the fluid actually pushes the object towards the
surface.
Objects with more weight than buoyant force will sink. Objects
that displace a weight of fluid equal to their own weight will
float.
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Eggsperiment An uncooked egg will sink to the bottom of a
beaker of water. If the water is mixed with something, the egg will
be able to float. What can we mix the water with to create a force
to push the egg up? When we mixed ______ with water, how did that
enable to egg to float?
