Embed Size (px)
Citation preview
Presented by
PI as a Utility-Scale PV Monitoring Platform
Steve Hanawalt, President
Outline • State of the Market
• Issues and Challenges
• Potential Solutions
• Benefits
• Summary and Q&A
2
Outline • State of the Market
• Issues and Challenges
• Potential Solutions
• Benefits
• Summary and Q&A
3
State of the Market • Turmoil, uncertainty, change…
– Daily news of failures – Price compression accelerating consolidation – What is going on?
• 2012 – 10-15% growth driven by US, China,
India and Latin America
4
Outline • State of the Market
• Issues and Challenges
• Potential Solutions
• Benefits
• Summary and Q&A
5
Issues and Challenges in PV • Utility PV monitoring characterized by
– Dynamic. Evolving technology/standards/needs – Volume. Large quantities of data – Remote. Local and remote operations with changing O&M
structures – Uncertainty. Forecasting and power scheduling
• Needs • Flexibility • Visibility
6
Outline • State of the Market
• Issues and Challenges
• Potential Solutions
• Benefits
• Summary and Q&A
7
Potential Solutions To meet the monitoring needs of this new and dynamic generation technology... • What should we monitor, and
• How should we monitor it?
8
What Should we Monitor? • Systems and components
• Solar PV KPIs
• Interfacing with external systems
9
What Should we Monitor? - Systems and Components
10
Plant
Block 1
Array
Container 1
Inverter 1
Combiner 1
String 1
Panel 1
Panel 2
Panel n
String 2 String n
Combiner 2
Combiner n
Inverter 2 Inverter n
Container 2
Container n
Array 2 Array n
Block 2 Block n
7-level asset hierarchy
How deep into the array should we monitor? Potential monitoring points for a 550 MW PV power plant under construction in CA
9,000,000+
700,000+
30,000+
800+
String Monitoring – Cost/Benefits
11
The economic benefit of string monitoring is a function of the price of energy, percentage of strings affected, and cost of labor
What Should we Monitor? - PV KPIs
12
• Actual • Expected • Variance
Production
• PR • PI • Normalized array yield
Efficiency
• Equivalent availability • Capacity factor Availability
• O&M costs • Fixed • Variable
• Commercial availability Economics
To monitor and extract value from the assets what data should you
monitor?
What Should we Monitor? – PV KPIs
13
Actual Expected Variance Percent Variance
12-‐month avg
Revenue 1,234,567$ 1,203,456$ 31,111$ 2.6%
Gross Margin 676,543$ 655,000$ 21,543$ 3.3%
Gross Margin % 55% 54% 0.4% 0.7%
Gross 2,191,482 2,147,234 44,248 2.1%
Parasitic 43,830 51,534 -‐7,704 -‐14.9%
Net 2,147,653 2,095,701 51,952 2.5%
Availability -‐ Avg 97% 98% -‐1.1% -‐1.1%
Availability -‐ Min 89% 98% -‐8.7% -‐8.9%
Availability -‐ Max 100% 98% 2.0% 2.0%
PI -‐ Avg 102% 100% 2.1% 2.1%
PI -‐ Min 94% 95% -‐1.5% -‐1.6%
PI -‐ Max 112% 100% 12.0% 12.0%
Capacity Factor -‐ Avg 18.3% 18.0% 0.3% 1.7%
Capacity Factor -‐ Min 16.4% 17.0% -‐0.6% -‐3.5%
Capacity Factor -‐ Max 21.1% 20.0% 1.1% 5.5%
Total 15.0 12.0 -‐300.0% -‐25.0%
Avg 2.2 2.0 -‐20.0% -‐10.0%
Min -‐ 1.0 100.0% 100.0%
Max 5.0 2.0 -‐300.0% -‐150.0%
XYZ RenewablesMonthly Fleet Performance Report
September 2012
Financial
Production (kWh)
Performance
Outages
XYZ Renewables -‐ ABC FacilityMonthly System Performance Report
September 2012
kWh Produced
Weather-‐Adjusted
100 500
Current Month
Past 12 Months
107%
Daily Production vs. Availabilty & Global Horizonal Irradiance
103%
Availability
Energy Production History
System Statistics
Typical Year 120% 109%
4
Performance Indices
98.0% 99.4%
Number of Outages 0
050,000
100,000150,000200,000250,000300,000350,000400,000450,000
Oct-‐09 Nov-‐09 Dec-‐09 Jan-‐10 Feb-‐10 Mar-‐10 Apr-‐10 May-‐10 Jun-‐10 Jul-‐10 Aug-‐10 Sep-‐10
kWhTotal Measured Electrical Generation Energy Expected with Actual Weather Energy Expected in Typical Year
70%
80%
90%
100%
110%
Oct-‐09 Nov-‐09 Dec-‐09 Jan-‐10 Feb-‐10 Mar-‐10 Apr-‐10 May-‐10 Jun-‐10 Jul-‐10 Aug-‐10 Sep-‐10
Performance Index (%)
0%
50%
100%
0
500
1,000
1,500
9/1 9/4 9/7 9/10 9/13 9/16 9/19 9/22 9/25 9/28
Availability (%)kWh
0.00
2.00
4.00
6.00
8.00
0
500
1,000
1,500
9/1 9/4 9/7 9/10 9/13 9/16 9/19 9/22 9/25 9/28
Ins. (kWh/m²)kWh
Portfolio with drill-down to site
What Should we Monitor? – External Systems
14
Weather Service
Plant
PI node
Utility
Central PI server
Corporate
M&D Center
Simula3on server
Asset Management
Scheduling
ISO
Utility scale PV
monitoring will need to interface with
many off-site data systems
How Should we Monitor it? • Local and remote
• Roll-up/drill-down
• Data independence
15
How Should we Monitor it? – Local and Remote
16
Plant
Block 1
Array
Container 1
Inverter 1
Combiner 1
String 1
String 2
String n
Combiner 2
Combiner n
Inverter 2 Inverter n
Container 2
Container n
Array 2 Array n
Block 2 Block n
…need highly granular time series data that allows Operators to focus on outages and performance
issue
Plant operators…
Portfolio
Region 1
Sub-region 1
SPV 1
Plant 1
System 1
System 2
System n
Plant 2 Plant n
SPV 2 SPV n
Sub-region 2
Sub-region n
Region 2 Region n
…need relational reporting data that allows easy roll-up and drill-downs and notifications …
Asset managers and performance analysts…
Utility PV Monitoring – Local or Remote?
@ the Plant • Equipment status • Forced outages
– Inverter trips – String outages
• Performance shortfalls – String monitoring – Combiner current
@ Headquarters • Forced outages
– Inverters – Feeder breakers – Main breaker(s)
• Performance shortfalls – Array yield – Inverter efficiency – Recoverable degradation
• Power scheduling – Available capacity – Weather data – Short-term power forecasting
17
Meters Inverters
Monitoring & repor3ng
SCADA
Prices Financial System Power scheduling Web portals
Weather data
Trackers Grid interconnect
PI -‐ Real-‐3me Opera3onal Data Unifica3on PlaIorm
Business network
Plant control network
Internet
Expose real-‐3me opera3ng data to all business systems
Asset management
Energy billing
PV Monitoring Platform – Maintaining Data Independence
PI node
Asset owner must control this “pipe” into the plant 3rd party service provider(s)
Outline • State of the Market
• Issues and Challenges
• Opportunities and Potential Solutions
• Benefits
• Summary and Q&A
19
Benefits of Monitoring
20
Other benefits: • Minimize imbalance penalties • Lower fleet production costs • Seamless transition and interface with 3rd
party service providers
17% production variance between a well-run PV plant and one that is not: • Low availability • High degradation • Performance shortfalls • O&M costs excursions
Estimated ROI for 100 MW portfolio: 366%
Outline • State of the Market
• Issues and Challenges
• Opportunities and Potential Solutions
• Benefits
• Summary and Q&A
21
Summary and Q&A • Rumors of the death of solar are greatly
exaggerated… • Owners must have real-time visibility of their asset’s
performance • “Trust, but verify…” • PI’s performance, scalability, and universal presence
make it a good portfolio monitoring platform
22
© Copyright 2012 OSIsoft, LLC. 23
Brought to you by
Solar PV KPIs - Terms and Definitions • Equivalent Availability Factor (EAF) - the proportion of hours
in the period that a unit is available to generate at full capacity • Commercial Availability Factor (CAF) - the proportion of
potential revenue that the unit captures during the period • Performance Index (PI) – the proportion of the potential
energy production that the unit captures during the period • Performance Ratio (PR) – the DC-to-AC conversion efficiency
of the system • Capacity Factor (CF) - the proportion of hours in the period
that a unit generated at its nameplate rating
26
