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PICflash™
User manual
Flash program is used to transfer a .hex file from a PC to the microcontroller memory by means of the appropriate hardware. Every flash program includes numerous options used for setting the microcontroller’s configuration bits.
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ppor
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TO OUR VALUED CUSTOMERS
I want to express my thanks to you for being interested in our products and for having confidence in Mikroelektronika.The primary aim of our company is to design and produce high quality electronic products and to constantly improve the performance thereof in order to better suit your needs.
The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, Accuron, dsPIC, KeeLoq, microID, MPLAB, PIC, PICmicro, PICSTART, PRO MATE, PowerSmart, rfPIC and SmartShunt are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A and other countries.
DISCLAIMER
All the products owned by MikroElektronika are protected by copyright law and international copyright treaty. Therefore, this manual is to be treated as any other copyright material. No part of this manual, including product and software described herein, may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, translated or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of MikroElektronika. The manual PDF edition can be printed for private or local use, but not for distribution. Any modification of this manual is prohibited.
MikroElektronika provides this manual ‘as is’ without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties or conditions of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose.
MikroElektronika shall assume no responsibility or liability for any errors, omissions and inaccuracies that may appear in this manual. In no event shall MikroElektronika, its directors, officers, employees or distributors be liable for any indirect, specific, incidental or consequential damages (including damages for loss of business profits and business information, business interruption or any other pecuniary loss) arising out of the use of this manual or product, even if MikroElektronika has been advised of the possibility of such damages. MikroElektronika reserves the right to change information contained in this manual at any time without prior notice, if necessary.
HIGH RISK ACTIVITIES
The products of MikroElektronika are not fault – tolerant nor designed, manufactured or intended for use or resale as on – line control equipment in hazardous environments requiring fail – safe performance, such as in the operation of nuclear facilities, aircraft navigation or communication systems, air traffic control, direct life support machines or weapons systems in which the failure of Software could lead directly to death, personal injury or severe physical or environmental damage (‘High Risk Activities’). MikroElektronika and its suppliers specifically disclaim any expressed or implied warranty of fitness for High Risk Activities.
TRADEMARKS
The Mikroelektronika name and logo, the Mikroelektronika logo, mikroC, mikroC PRO, mikroBasic, mikro-Basic PRO, mikroPascal, mikroPascal PRO, AVRflash, PICflash, dsPICprog, 18FJprog, PSOCprog, AVR-prog, 8051prog, ARMflash, EasyPIC5, EasyPIC6, BigPIC5, BigPIC6, dsPIC PRO4, Easy8051B, EasyARM, EasyAVR5, EasyAVR6, BigAVR2, EasydsPIC4A, EasyPSoC4, EasyVR Stamp LV18FJ, LV24-33A, LV32MX, PIC32MX4 MultiMedia Board, PICPLC16, PICPLC8 PICPLC4, SmartGSM/GPRS, UNI-DS are trademarks of Mikroelektronika. All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective companies.
All other product and corporate names appearing in this manual may or may not be registered trademarks or copyrights of their respective companies, and are only used for identification or explanation and to the owners’ benefit, with no intent to infringe.
©MikroelektronikaTM, 2010, All Rights Reserved.
Nebojsa MaticGeneral Manager
3PICflash
MikroElektronika
page
TABLE OF CONTENTS
General Information .......................................................................................................................... 41.0. Connecting the Programmer ..................................................................................................... 52.0. Programmer’s Operation .......................................................................................................... 63.0. Connecting Microcontroller to a 2x5 Connector ........................................................................ 74.0. Microcontroller’s Operation after Programming ........................................................................ 10
4 PICflash
MikroElektronika
page
General InformationThe PICflash™ programmer is a great tool used for programming PIC microcontrollers. Its unique design and ease of use make it a very popular tool among beginners and professional users alike. The PICflash programmer communicates to a PC through a USB cable which is also used for powering the programmer. In addition, it is a low power consumption device, which makes it ideal for working with notebooks. In order to use this programmer, it is necessary to have the appropriate software mikroProg Suite for PIC™, provided on the product CD, installed on your PC. The latest version of this software with updated list of supported microcontrollers can be downloaded free of charge from our website at www.mikroe.com. Use any of Mikroelektronika’s compilers to write a code as they provide an easy way of debugging/simulating the operation of the target device. The mikroICD debugger is part of the programmer that enables you to run a program step by step while monitoring the state of all registers within the microcontroller. It may be used with all Mikroelektronika’s compilers such as mikroC PRO for PIC, mikroBASIC PRO for PIC and mikroPASCAL PRO for PIC.
System specifications:
Power supply: via a USB cable (5V DC)Power consumption: 10mA Dimensions: 13 x 4 x 2.4cm (5.1 x 1.57 x 0.94 inch)Weight: ~180g (0.4lbs)
Package contains:
Programmer: PICflashCD: product CD with the relevant softwareCables: USB cableDocumentation: PICflash programmer, mikroProg Suite for PIC, mikroICD and Installing USB Drivers manuals
5PICflash
MikroElektronika
page
1.0. Connecting the ProgrammerThe PICflash programmer is connected to the microcontroller via a flat cable ending with an IDC10 connector. The microcontroller may be soldered on the target device or plugged into the socket on the board intended for the microcontroller’s programming. In both cases, it is necessary to connect the microcontroller pins used for programming to a 2x5 connector. The PICflash programmer’s plastic case provides the IDC10 connector’s pinout on the basis of which you should establish connection between the microcontroller on the target device and this connector. Refer to Figure 1-3.
Figure 1-2: PICflash connected to the PIC-flash experimental board
Figure 1-1: Connecting PICflash programmer
A B C D
When designing a target device to install the microcontroller on, it is important to be familiar with the pinout of IDC connector provided on the PICflash programmer. A small notch on the upper side of this connector makes its plugging into the on-board 2x5 connector easy. Figure 1.3 shows pinouts of both connectors.
VCC-MCU
VCC VCC-MCU
VCC-MCU
PIC
xxxx
OSC2
RC0
RC1
RC2
RC3
RD0
RD1
OSC1
GND
GND
RD7
RD6
RD5
RD4
RC7
RC6
RC5
RC4
RD3
RD2
VCC
MCLR
RA0
RA1
RA2
RA3
RA4
RA5
RE0
RE1
RE2
VCC
RB0
RB1
RB2
RB3
RB4
RB5
RB6
RB7
DIP40
RR R
MCU-PGD
MCU-PGC
MCU-MCLR
PGD-RB7
MCLR
PGC-RB6
Figure 1-3: Microcontroller and 2x5 connector connection
The PICflash programmer is normally powered from the PC through a USB port. However, it is also possi-ble to provide power supply from the target device the PICflash programmer is connected to. In this case it is necessary to open the PICflash programmer’s plastic case and remove jumper J1. The 5V power supply voltage provided in this way should be stabilized.
Figure 1-5: The PICflash programmer is powered from the target device supplied with the microcontroller.
Figure 1-4: The PICflash programmer is powered from the PC through a USB port (standard position of jumper)
6 PICflash
MikroElektronika
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2.0. Programmer’s Operation
The PICflash programmer employs five pins to access the microcontroller. Two pins are used to provide power supply and ground from the PICflash programmer through. The other three pins are used for data transfer as well as for entering the microcontroller into the programming mode. These five pins are marked as follows:
MCU-VCC - It is used to provide power supply from the PICflash programmer through;MCU-PGC - In-Circuit Debugger and ICSP programming clock pin;MCU-PGD - In-Circuit Debugger and ICSP programming data pin;MCU-MCLR/Vpp - Master Clear (for MCU reset) or programming voltage Vpp; andGND - GND pin.
Before the programming process starts, it is necessary to write a code in one of PIC compilers and generate a hex. file to be loaded into the microcontroller using the PICflash programmer. The programming process starts by clicking on the Write button within the mikroProg Suite for PIC software. The programmer will automatically provide the MCU-MCLR/Vpp pin with a high level voltage signal, thus enabling the microcontroller to enter the programming mode. The hex. file is then loaded into the microcontroller using MCU-PGC and MCU-PGD pins. When the programming process is complete, the programmer sets the microcontroller back into the operating mode.
The programmer’s mode of operation changes using a multiplexer. Due to it, the PICflash programmer may be connected to the mi-crocontroller all the time without affecting its operation. It is a part of the programmer that serves as a switch enabling the programmer to be connected/disconnected from the microcontroller pins used for programming.
MCU-PGD
MultiplexerPGD
PROG USB
VCC
VCC MCU-VCC
2x5 female
PICflash
connector
D+
GND
D-
PIC lash programmerf with mikroICD
MCU-PGCPGC
MCLRMCLR
VCC MCU-VCC
MCU-PGD
MCU-PGC
MCU-MCLR
PGD-RB7
MCLR
PGC-RB6
DATA
Figure 2-1: The multiplexer in the programming mode. During programming, the multiplexer disconnects the microcontroller pins used for programming from the target device. This enables the programming process to be safely performed without affecting the operation of the device itself. It also prevents external signals from affecting the programming process. When the programming process has been completed, the multiplexer releases the microcontroller pins used for programming so that they can be used as I/O pins.
MCU-PGD
MultiplexerPGD
PROG USB
VCC
VCC MCU-VCC
2x5 female
PICflash
connector
D+
GND
D-
PIC lash programmerf with mikroICD
MCU-PGCPGC
MCLRMCLR
VCC MCU-VCC
MCU-PGD
MCU-PGC
MCU-MCLR
PGD-RB7
MCLR
PGC-RB6
DATA
Figure 2-2: The multiplexer in the operating mode. When the programming process has been completed, the multiplexer releases the microcontroller pins used for programming, thus enabling them to be used as I/O pins. This also enables the programmer to remain connected to the target device without affecting its operation.
7PICflash
MikroElektronika
page
3.0. Connecting Micocontroller and 2x5 Connector
The following examples shows various ways of connecting microcontrollers to the 2x5 connector. It is highly recommended to check which microcontroller pins are used for programming no matter which type of PIC microcontroller is in use.
The connection schematic for 2x5 connector and 8-pin 10F PIC microcontrollers such as PIC10F200, 202, 204, 206 etc.
GNDVCC
GP3NC
NCGP2
GP0
8 PIN
PIC
10
FX
X
GP1
VCC VCC-MCU
MCU-PGD
MCU-PGC
MCU-MCLR
GP0PGD-
MCLR
GP1PGC-
100nF
USERINTERFACE
On-board
2x5 male
connector
The connection schematic for 2x5 male connector and 8-pin 12F PIC microcontrollers such as PIC12F508, 509, 629, 635, 675, 683 etc.
GP0GP5
GNDVCC
GP1GP4
GP2GP3
VCC VCC-MCU
MCU-PGD
MCU-PGC
MCU-MCLR
GP0PGD-
MCLR
GP1PGC-
1K100nF
8 PIN
PIC
12
FX
X
USERINTERFACE
On-board
2x5 male
connector
The connection schematic for 2x5 connector and 14-pin 16F PIC microcontrollers such as PIC16F676, 684, 688 etc.
RA0
RC0
RA5
RC5
GNDVCC
RA1
RC1
RA4
RC4
RA2
RC2
RA3
RC3
VCC VCC-MCU
MCU-PGD
MCU-PGC
MCU-MCLR
RA0PGD-
MCLR
RA1PGC-
1K100nF
14 PIN
On-board
2x5 male
connector
PIC
16
FX
X
USERINTERFACE
RA0
VCC
RA3
GND
RA1RA2
OSC1
RB7
RA4
RB0
RB2
OSC2
RB6
RB5
RB4
MCLR
RB1
RB3
VCC VCC-MCU
MCU-PGD
MCU-PGC
MCU-MCLR
RB7PGD-
MCLR
RB6PGC-
1K100nF
18 PIN
PIC
16
FX
X
On-board
2x5 male
connector
USERINTERFACE
The connection schematic for 2x5 connector and 18-pin 18F PIC microcontrollers such as PIC18F1220,1320 etc.
8 PICflash
MikroElektronika
page
The connection schematic for 2x5 connector and 18-pin 16F PIC microcontrollers such as PIC16F84A, 88, 628, 716 etc.
RA0
VCC
RA3
GND
RA1RA2
OSC1
RB7
RA4
RB0
RB2
OSC2
RB6
RB5
RB4
MCLR
RB1
RB3
VCC VCC-MCU
MCU-PGD
MCU-PGC
MCU-MCLR
RB7PGD-
MCLR
RB6PGC-
1K100nF
18 PIN
PIC
16
FX
X
On-board
2x5 male
connector
USERINTERFACE
The connection schematic for 2x5 connector and 20-pin 16F PIC microcontrollers such as PIC16F631, 677, 685, 687, 689, 690 etc.
RA0
RC0
OSC1
RC5
GNDVCC
RA1
RC1
OSC2
RC4
RC6
RA2
RC2
RB4
RB5
RB6
MCLR
RC3
RC7
RB7
VCC VCC-MCU
MCU-PGD
MCU-PGC
MCU-MCLR
RA0PGD-
MCLR
RA1PGC-
1K100nF
20 PIN
PIC
16
FX
X
On-board
2x5 male
connector
USERINTERFACE
The connection schematic for 2x5 connector and 40-pin 16F and 18F PIC microcontrollers such as PIC16F877A, 77 etc. as well as PIC18F452, 448, 4520, 4220 etc.VCC VCC-MCU
MCU-PGD
MCU-PGC
MCU-MCLR
RB7PGD-
MCLR
RB6PGC-
1K100nF
40 PIN
On-board
2x5 male
connector
USERINTERFACE
PIC
xxxx
OSC2
RC0
RC1
RC2
RC3
RD0
RD1
OSC1
GND
GND
RD7
RD6
RD5
RD4
RC7
RC6
RC5
RC4
RD3
RD2
VCC
MCLR
RA0
RA1
RA2
RA3
RA4
RA5
RE0
RE1
RE2
VCC
RB0
RB1
RB2
RB3
RB4
RB5
RB6
RB7
9PICflash
MikroElektronika
page
The connection schematic for 2x5 connector and 28-pin 16F and 18F PIC microcontrollers such as PIC16F876, 73 etc. as well as PIC18F252, 248, 2330 etc.
RB6
RB3
RA0
RA3
RB7MCLR
RB5
RB2
RA1
RA4
GND
RC1
RB4
RB1
RC7
RB0
RC6
VCC
RC5
GND
RC4
RA2
RA5
RC0
OSC1
RC2
OSC2
RC3
VCC VCC-MCU
MCU-PGD
MCU-PGC
MCU-MCLR
RB7PGD-
MCLR
RB6PGC-
1K100nF
28 PIN
PIC
18
FX
X
On-board
2x5 male
connector
USERINTERFACE
The connection schematic for 2x5 connector and 64-pin 18F PIC microcontrollers such as PIC18F6310, 6410, 6520, 6620, 6720 etc.
VCC VCC-MCU
MCU-PGD
MCU-PGC
MCU-MCLR
RB7PGD-
MCLR
RB6PGC-
1K100nF
64 PIN
On-board
2x5 male
connector
USERINTERFACE
PIC18Fxx
RE
2R
F1
RF
0
AV
CC
AG
ND
RA
3
RA
2
RA
1
RA
0
GN
D
VC
C
RA
5
RA
4
RC
1
RC
0
RC
6
RC
7
RE
3
RE
4
RE
5
RE
6
RE
7
RD
0
VC
C
GN
D
RD
1
RD
2
RD
3
RD
4
RD
5
RD
6
RD
7
RE1 RB0
RB1
RB2
RB3
RB4
RB5
RB6
GND
OSC2
OSC1
VCC
RB7
RC5
RC4
RC3
RC2
RE0
RG0
RG1
RG2
RG3
MCLR
RG4
GND
VCC
RF7
RF6
RF5
RF4
RF3
RF2
VCC VCC-MCU
MCU-PGD
MCU-PGC
MCU-MCLR
RB7PGD-
MCLR
RB6PGC-
1K100nF
80 PIN
On-board
2x5 male
connector
USERINTERFACE
PIC18Fxx
RH
1R
H5
RH
4
RF
1
RF
0
AV
CC
AG
ND
RA
3
RA
2
RA
1
RA
0
GN
D
VC
C
RA
5
RA
4
RC
1
RC
0
RC
6
RC
7
RJ4
RJ5
RH
0
RE
2
RE
3
RE
4
RE
5
RE
6
RE
7
RD
0
VC
C
GN
D
RD
1
RD
2
RD
3
RD
4
RD
5
RD
6
RD
7
RJ0
RJ1
RH2 RJ2
RJ3
RB0
RB1
RB2
RB3
RB4
RB5
RB6
GND
OSC2
OSC1
VCC
RB7
RC5
RC4
RC3
RC2
RJ7
RJ6
RH3
RE1
RE0
RG0
RG1
RG2
RG3
MCLR
RG4
GND
VCC
RF7
RF6
RF5
RF4
RF3
RF2
RH7
RH6
The connection schematic for 2x5 connector and 80-pin 18F PIC microcontrollers such as PIC18F8310, 8410, 8520, 8620, 8720 etc.
10 PICflash
MikroElektronika
page
4.0. Microcontroller’s Operation after Programming
When the programming process is completed, you can remove IDC connector of the PICflash programmer from the on-board 2x5 connector. This causes the microcontroller pins used for programming (RB6, RB7 and MCLR) to be disconnected from the rest of on-board electronics. In order to use these pins as inputs/outputs, it is necessary to place jumpers over the on-board 2x5 connector, as shown in Figure 4-1.
NOTE: A resistor R (1Kohm) should be connected to the VCC pin only when working with one of the following microcontrollers: 12F629, 635, 675 and 683; 16F627, 627A, 628, 628A, 630, 631, 636, 639, 648A, 676, 677, 684, 685, 687, 688, 689, 690, 913, 914, 916, 917 and 946; and 16HV675.
VCC-MCU
VCC
MCU-PGD
MCU-PGC
MCU-MCLR
VCC-MCU
VCC-MCU
PIC
xxxx
OSC2
RC0
RC1
RC2
RC3
RD0
RD1
OSC1
GND
GND
RD7
RD6
RD5
RD4
RC7
RC6
RC5
RC4
RD3
RD2
VCC
MCLR
RA0
RA1
RA2
RA3
RA4
RA5
RE0
RE1
RE2
VCC
RB0
RB1
RB2
RB3
RB4
RB5
RB6
RB7
DIP40
RR R
PGD-RB7
MCLR
PGC-RB6
Figure 4-1: Microcontroller after programming
Place jumpers over 2x5 connector in order to enable the RB6, RB7 and MCLR pins to be connected to the rest of the device
TO OUR VALUED CUSTOMERS
I want to express my thanks to you for being interested in our products and for having confidence in Mikroelektronika.The primary aim of our company is to design and produce high quality electronic products and to constantly improve the performance thereof in order to better suit your needs.
The Microchip name and logo, the Microchip logo, Accuron, dsPIC, KeeLoq, microID, MPLAB, PIC, PICmicro, PICSTART, PRO MATE, PowerSmart, rfPIC and SmartShunt are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A and other countries.
DISCLAIMER
All the products owned by MikroElektronika are protected by copyright law and international copyright treaty. Therefore, this manual is to be treated as any other copyright material. No part of this manual, including product and software described herein, may be reproduced, stored in a retrieval system, translated or transmitted in any form or by any means, without the prior written permission of MikroElektronika. The manual PDF edition can be printed for private or local use, but not for distribution. Any modification of this manual is prohibited.
MikroElektronika provides this manual ‘as is’ without warranty of any kind, either expressed or implied, including, but not limited to, the implied warranties or conditions of merchantability or fitness for a particular purpose.
MikroElektronika shall assume no responsibility or liability for any errors, omissions and inaccuracies that may appear in this manual. In no event shall MikroElektronika, its directors, officers, employees or distributors be liable for any indirect, specific, incidental or consequential damages (including damages for loss of business profits and business information, business interruption or any other pecuniary loss) arising out of the use of this manual or product, even if MikroElektronika has been advised of the possibility of such damages. MikroElektronika reserves the right to change information contained in this manual at any time without prior notice, if necessary.
HIGH RISK ACTIVITIES
The products of MikroElektronika are not fault – tolerant nor designed, manufactured or intended for use or resale as on – line control equipment in hazardous environments requiring fail – safe performance, such as in the operation of nuclear facilities, aircraft navigation or communication systems, air traffic control, direct life support machines or weapons systems in which the failure of Software could lead directly to death, personal injury or severe physical or environmental damage (‘High Risk Activities’). MikroElektronika and its suppliers specifically disclaim any expressed or implied warranty of fitness for High Risk Activities.
TRADEMARKS
The Mikroelektronika name and logo, the Mikroelektronika logo, mikroC, mikroC PRO, mikroBasic, mikro-Basic PRO, mikroPascal, mikroPascal PRO, AVRflash, PICflash, dsPICprog, 18FJprog, PSOCprog, AVR-prog, 8051prog, ARMflash, EasyPIC5, EasyPIC6, BigPIC5, BigPIC6, dsPIC PRO4, Easy8051B, EasyARM, EasyAVR5, EasyAVR6, BigAVR2, EasydsPIC4A, EasyPSoC4, EasyVR Stamp LV18FJ, LV24-33A, LV32MX, PIC32MX4 MultiMedia Board, PICPLC16, PICPLC8 PICPLC4, SmartGSM/GPRS, UNI-DS are trademarks of Mikroelektronika. All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective companies.
All other product and corporate names appearing in this manual may or may not be registered trademarks or copyrights of their respective companies, and are only used for identification or explanation and to the owners’ benefit, with no intent to infringe.
©MikroelektronikaTM, 2010, All Rights Reserved.
Nebojsa MaticGeneral Manager
PICflash™
User manual
Flash program is used to transfer a .hex file from a PC to the microcontroller memory by means of the appropriate hardware. Every flash program includes numerous options used for setting the microcontroller’s configuration bits.
Prog
ram
mer
If yo
u w
ant t
o le
arn
mor
e ab
out o
ur p
rodu
cts,
ple
ase
visi
t our
web
site
at w
ww
.mik
roe.
com
If yo
u ar
e ex
perie
ncin
g so
me
prob
lem
s w
ith a
ny o
f our
pro
duct
s or
just
nee
d ad
ditio
nal i
nfor
mat
ion,
ple
ase
plac
e yo
ur ti
cket
at
ww
w.m
ikro
e.co
m/e
n/su
ppor
t
If yo
u ha
ve a
ny q
uest
ions
, com
men
ts o
r bus
ines
s pr
opos
als,
do
not h
esita
te to
con
tact
us
at o
ffice
@m
ikro
e.co
m
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