PIETER: MULTIMODAL DISCUSSION (POWERPOINT ORAL PRESENTATION)112FDEAF-2660-4654-ACD2-06A30CB55BE… · PIETER: MULTIMODAL DISCUSSION (POWERPOINT ORAL ... (images in PowerPoint presentation

ESL Scope and Scales Moderated Evidence: Senior Years Band

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PIETER: MULTIMODAL DISCUSSION (POWERPOINT ORAL PRESENTATION)


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Good afternoon everyone. I’ll be I will be talking to you on about animal experimentation. In the world today, millions of animals are utilised in various kinds of research with the majority dying from unnecessary deaths tests. Modern society relies greatly on the use of animals for developing technological advances in which to aid everyday living. This viewpoint compelled me to research the topic on animal experimentation, investigating the issue and the views of the society. Animal experimentation or vivisection would be the most controversial issue of animal rights. Many people a are unaware of this issue because it’s not publicised. For people to understand this matter, the question that it’s answering is what is what animal experimentation is, why we have animal experimentation, the advantages and disadvantages, the alternatives and more importantly, should animal experimentation be eliminated? Animal experimentation is the use of living creatures in medical and scientific research. They are utilised in: bio-medical research, where they are used to reduce effects of diseases, improve techniques, develop surgical procedures and understand the human body; product testing, where they are used to indicate the safeness of a product to such as cosmetics and detergents; genetic engineering, where they are used to improve the animal production for human consumption in agriculture; psychology research where they where the where animals are controlled from the movements through their thoughts and weapon testings where they are used to determine effects of atomic blasts and used for shooting practises and weapon testing. Animals suffer from all experiments from starvation, irritation, discomfort and eventually dying from all kinds of from eventually dying during or after exploitation. These are examples of vivisection: (images in PowerPoint presentation are referred to in text that follows) This is a rat which has been applied chemicals to its exposed skin, to test the reaction of irritation. And here is albino rabbit ready for the eye test. This is where substances are applied to the eyes. And this is one example of how animal experimentation could be unnecessary. Animal experimentation continues because it has benefited medical science and human health. Without animal experimentation, most of these medicines would never have been discovered. Other reasons are comprised of being a fast way of of obtaining information, scientists has based their entire careers on vivisection, businesses connected to animal experimentation needs to be compensated and companies and for companies to avoid law suits whenever their products are harmful. Animal experimentation not only saves lives but it has improved the quality of life. This method has deve has been the cause of developments such as pain killers, organ transplants, surgical procedures and vaccines. From a recent survey, the majority of people accepted the principle of utilising animals for research. 95% of the people accepted that it was necessary unless suffering was minimised and that it was only for medical or life threatening research. Animal experimentation cannot accurately predict humans’ effects because an animal’s biochemical and biochemistry is different to humans’ which results in unreliable information. Millions of animals are util are … Millions of animals suffer and die in confinements and also causes misery and suffering. Sometimes animals are infected with artificial diseases which consequently do not give the same results as a human would. Another disadvantage of animal experimentation is the pollution it produces, contaminating the land, air, river, oceans, damaging the ozone layer and it has been the cause of many health problems. There have been a number of non-animal methods of research which has been developed to replace animals in medical research. One example is computer models where computer graphics are (unintelligible) to simulate models of of human diseases and biological systems replacing animal animal injected with a substances. Other alternatives include tissue co tissue and subculture, human studies, technical imaging and non-animal methods of product testing such as eye tests and skin tests. The use for ani for the use for the use of animals for research is a controversial and problematic issue resulting as a waste of time, money and innocent lives. Consequently animals endure immense torture unmentionable pain and death in inadequate confinements. Animal experimentation should not be eliminated but neither should animals be taken for granted. Only essential essential research such as medical science, life threatening diseases or surgical life-saving practices should be only considered. One day the world will look back in horror and disgust and find it impossible to believe that the idea of animal experimentation was an option. Are there any questions?


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Evidence for Scaling


Key features and examples

Examples of evidence demonstrated by student

Scale

Genre: Text in Context

interprets and analyses multimodal texts: • compares choices for online / digital and print texts:

advertisements • compares multimodal texts: amateur / professional,

local / international • compares written texts and performance • compares print texts with / without illustrations,

diagrams, charts • interprets environmental texts: advertising, road signs constructs multimodal texts: • writes text for performance: dialogue for sitcom • gives performance based on written text: enacts main

events from story • uses illustration, diagrams, charts with written text:

illustrates causal explanation, includes timeline with recount

• uses PowerPoint, visual, audiotexts with oral text • constructs environmental texts explores how texts are organised: • factual books: tables of contents, indexes, alphabetical

listings, titles, headings, sub-headings • storybooks: front cover, title page, illustrations, text • online / digital texts: search or find, contents, index

• uses PowerPoint with visual images, charts,

words with oral presentation based on written notes

• uses search functions of online / digital texts and

factual books

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Key features and examples


Scale

Genre: Language

Language

for

achieving

different

purposes

level of scaffolding schematic structure organises the text: • rhetorical questions: What are the best strategies? • conjunctions: First, Next, Finally, In addition • noun groups: Another reason, One of the main

arguments, The principle cause of the increase • phrases and dependant clauses of cause: As a result

of the rain, Struggling to survive, Despite his poor health

• phrases and dependent clauses of time, place, manner: Born in 1898, When we had finished, With great care

• non-finite clauses: Selecting a topic • topic words: Antarctica, Pollution • action verbs (in procedures): Slice, Boil • existential subject to introduce new information: There • interpersonal elements: Personally, Obviously, In fact,

It is apparent • layout: subheadings, pictures, diagrams, labels, font,

size, indentations • initiate and close interactions: gestures, formulaic

expressions, less formulaic • ask and answer questions • participate in song, rhyme, chorus, reading builds cohesion: • reference items: my, it, they, him, the, this, all of the

above, such examples • vocabulary patterns

- synonyms / antonyms - words that go together: lodge complaint - word sets: gene, inherit, hereditary, dominant,

recessive - classification: teeth - canines, molars, premolars,

incisors - composition (whole-part): tooth - enamel, dentine,

pulp, nerve • conjunctions to join sentences or paragraphs of a text:

Therefore, Hence, Conversely, Next, So joins clauses to expand information: • linking conjunctions: and, or, so, and then • binding conjunctions: because, if, since, so / so what,

when, whenever, though • relative clauses: The Suez Canal, which was

completed in 1869,……… • non-finite clauses: The team, having seen the results,

felt…, Having seen the results, the team…, To improve the final product

• projections: Scientists claim that exercise prolongs life

• presentation constructed independently without any teacher input following activities related to the task

• definition of topic followed by arguments in favour

of and against the elimination of animal testing, conclusion

• rhetorical questions: “Should animal

experimentation be eliminated?” (oral text), What Animal Experimentation Is? Why We Have Animal Experimentation? What Advantages and Disadvantages There Are? The Alternatives? ‘Should Animal Experimentation Be Eliminated?’ (visual text)

• noun groups: Questions, Types of Research, Important use of Animal Experimentation, Alternatives, Another disadvantage of animal experimentation, The use of animals for research

• time, place, manner: In the world today, One day • topic words: Animal Experimentation, Vivisection,

Bibliography, Animals • layout: Title slide has a bold heading and a

graphic Each subsequent slide has the same background, a bold heading and dot points for sub-headings. Graphics appear with text on most slides. A labeled chart is also used. The fonts, colours and sizes used for the written text are clear and easy to read.

• initiate and close: Good afternoon everyone • ask and answer: Are there any questions?

(followed by other students asking questions and responses from presenter – not transcribed)

• reference: we, the, their, such as, This viewpoint,

the issue, the views, it, people, this matter, me, the alternatives, They, all, These are examples of vivisection, This, its, one example, Other alternatives

• vocabulary patterns - synonyms/antonyms: Animal Experimentation/

Vivisection/Non-Animal Methods, advantages/disadvantages, techniques/practices, determine/understand

- words that go together: medical, surgery, life threatening diseases

- classification: Types of Research: Biomedical Research, Product Testing, Genetic Engineering, Psychology Research, Weapon Testing, Medical Research; products: cosmetics, detergents; weapon testing: atomic blasts, shooting practices; tests: Skin Irritancy Test, Eye test; Alternatives: Computer Models, Tissue and Cell Culture, Human Studies, Technical Imaging, Non-Animal Methods of Product Testing

• conjunctions: For, And, Consequently • linking: and, also, but • binding: because, whenever, unless • relative clauses: This is a rat which has been

applied chemicals to its exposed skin, Animal experimentation cannot accurately predict humans’ effects because an animal’s biochemical and biochemistry is different to humans’ which results in unreliable information

• projections: 95% of the people accepted that it was necessary unless suffering was minimised and that it was only for medical or life threatening research

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Language Key features and examples


Scale

Field: Text in Context

meaning: • understands multimodal texts containing challenging

issues • understands multimodal texts making meaning beyond

the literal: film, newspaper articles identifies key vocabulary in multimodal texts: • environmental print: logos, signs, numbers • visual texts: diagrams, illustrations, photographs, films

• issues: accessed a range of online texts to

research animal experimentation • non literal: uses graphic images, charts and

words to make meanings - uses photographs to convey the cruelty of animal experimentation and a chart with the title ‘Important uses of Animal Experimentation,’ however the meanings made by this chart are not clear

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Language Key features and examples Examples of evidence demonstrated by student

Scale

Field: Language

Language

for

expressing

ideas and

experiences

noun groups: • numbers, describers, classifiers, qualifiers: television,

a book, the pencil, all day, the children in the water, the children living in the city, The medical discovery that has had the most impact

comparatives: • funnier, slower, more beautiful, best nominalisations: • likelihood, growth, development, beauty, risk,

government, capability verbs: • action: subtract, peered, scanned, demolish • mental (sensing): knew, believe, understood,

enjoyed, hated • saying: said, laughed, shouted, stated, asserted • relational: are, became, has, consists of, represents,

means • verbal groups: want to improve, tried estimating • phrasal verbs: fell in with the wrong crowd, look it up,

put up with, put off, put out causal relations: • verbs: led to, brought on • nouns: the result of the floods, the cause of the injury • phrase: because of the heat, in spite of the rain • dependent clause: because the weather was bad,

owing to the cyclone threat, if the cyclone hits, in order to end the suffering

circumstances and clauses: • when: in 1614, when he arrived • where: at the sign, standing on stage • how: carefully, with great care, like a leopard • with whom / what: with his friend, with their

belongings metaphors: • get it off your chest technical vocabulary: • digest, high sugar levels, niacin quoting and referencing: • direct: The police officer said, “There were no

injuries” • reported: The manager of the team said that they

were…. • referencing: Scientists believe that…; According to

the weather bureau…; Studies have shown… visual meanings: • colour, symbols, charts, diagrams, illustrations

• Animal Experimentation, effects of diseases, surgical practices,

the safety of products, types of research (see vocabulary patterns), holding devices, Non-Animal Methods for product testing, technological advances in which to aid everyday living (to aid everyday living), the most controversial issue of animal rights, the use of living creatures in medical and scientific research, surgical procedures, genetic engineering, the animal production for human consumption, effects of atomic blasts, the use of animals for research, a controversial and problematic issue, immense torture, unmentionable pain and death, inadequate confinements, only essential research

• Experimentation, Vivisection, effects, practices, production,

consumption, movements, thoughts, Human Studies, Technical Imaging, Product Testing, safety, deaths, advances, living, research, engineering, agriculture, experiments, starvation, irritation, discomfort, exploitation, reaction, developments, procedures, suffering, confinements, pollution, tests, torture

• action: reduce, improve, lock (locked), disposed, controlled,

dying, aid, compelled, research, investigating, publicised, eliminated, used, applied, continues, benefited, discovered, obtaining, compensated, avoid, saves, utilising, give, produces, infected, contaminating, damaging, replace

• mental (sensing): understand, determine, suffer, accepted, predict, endure, considered, find, believe

• relational: is, have, are, be, develop, indicate, had, based, connected, causes, include

• saying: talking, answering • phrasal verbs: comprised of, results in, taken for granted, look

back, relies on • verbs: reduce, improve, results in, produces • nouns: effects, the cause • phrases: from unnecessary deaths tests, for developing

technological advances, from starvation, irritation, discomfort, during or after exploitation, for the Eye Test, Dead animals from tests, for human consumption, Without animal experimentation

• clauses: because it’s not publicised, For people to understand this matter, to test the reaction of irritation, because it has benefited medical science, for companies to avoid law suits, because an animal’s biochemical and biochemistry is different to humans’ which results in unreliable information, artificial diseases which consequently do not give the same results, resulting as a waste of time, Consequently animals endure immense torture

• when: during or after exploitation, never, Sometimes, One day • where: In the world today, in various kinds of research, in

medical and scientific research, in agriculture, from (in) all experiments, to its exposed skin, to the eyes, on vivisection, From (In) a recent survey, in inadequate confinements

• how: greatly, more importantly, through their thoughts, ready, accurately, different to humans’, as a human would, in horror and disgust

• with whom / what: with artificial diseases, with a substances • about: about animal experimentation • look back, taken for granted • see vocabulary patterns • referencing: From (In) a recent survey, the majority of people

accepted that …, 95% of the people accepted that … (as well as extensive bibliography listed at the end of the slide show)

• graphic images of animals used in experiments

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Language Key features and examples


Scale

Tenor:

Text in Context

non-verbal resources: • reflects on non-verbal resources: eye contact,

distance, gesture, touch stereotypes and audience: • explores how visual images and language construct

stereotypes, bias, and prejudice • analyses the construction of a cartoon character • reflects on the audience of a multimodal text • identifies who gets represented in advertising and who

does not • identifies how groups of people are represented in

television commercials • suggests alternative representations • chooses the appropriate tenor in a range of formal and

informal contexts classroom discourse • raises hand, takes turns, gaze, distance, gesture,

touch

• visual images: uses several evocative, graphic

images to convey the cruelty of animal experimentation

• audience: the use of images showing cruelty to animals and the insensitive disposal of their corpses, sway the audience in favour of the elimination of this practice

• tenor: uses appropriate language for a formal oral presentation

Tenor: Language

Language

for

interacting

with others

speech functions: • statements, questions, offers, commands

subjectivity/objectivity: • subjective: In my opinion • objective: The response of the army

modality: • certainty: will, possibly, it suggests, I am sure, tend to,

might be able to • frequency: always, typical, tendency • obligation: must, necessarily, they forced, demand • inclination: like, willing, preference interpersonal meaning: • feelings, attitudes: unfortunately • idioms, colloquialisms, euphemisms, humour • culturally specific references • names to refer to people verbal elements: • intonation, volume, pace, word stress, tone,

pronunciation, and other sound patterns • pronunciation of foreign words • compares characters from multimodal texts use of

verbal elements non verbal elements: • body language, eye contact, physical response appropriate tenor for the context

• the student is unclear about the structure of

questions, using question marks at the end of statements that begin with what and why; a clear understanding of the construction of simple statements to express complex ideas is evident

• objective: objective language has been used to

establish the text as factual rather than personal • certainty: would be, could be, option • frequency: eventually, never, whenever,

sometimes • obligation: unnecessary deaths, compelled me,

should, needs to be compensated, should not be, neither should, essential

• inclination: accepted, believe • feelings: suffer, benefited, harmful, not only …

but, accurately, misery, controversial, problematic, innocent lives, immense torture, unmentionable pain and death, inadequate confinements, neither, essential research, life-saving practices

• idioms: taken for granted, look back in horror and disgust

• intonation: speaks clearly with appropriate

intonation for statements and questions, accurate pronunciation of most words with appropriate stress

• the presenter has effectively stated opinion as

fact by strategically avoiding the use of modality or language expressing feelings and attitudes in the visual text

• the presenter is positioned as an expert through

the use of academic and scientific language as appropriate to the context

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Language Key features and examples Examples of evidence demonstrated by student

Scale

Mode: Text in Context

communicates using media and mediums: • PowerPoint, digital projector, webpage, radio, CD-

ROM, sketches, graphs, map, email, telephone, maps, computer

constructs and critically analyses multimodal texts: • constructs a written or spoken text with images and

sound • interprets the use of effects in films • discusses simulation software • cultural reference: gender, inclusion/exclusion • technical choices • television/radio item • links between illustrations and verbal text • cross sections, pie graph, tables, diagrams • reads and draws a text with print • identifies keys and buttons on software

• PowerPoint, graphs, computer, webpages • verbal, sound, images: constructs and reads

multimodal texts • graphs: constructs a column graph with key,

although meanings made by the graph are not clear in the context of the presentation

• software: MS PowerPoint used to construct slide show

• links: makes direct reference to images in visual text through spoken text: This is a rat which has been applied chemicals to its exposed skin

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Language Key features and examples Examples of evidence demonstrated by student Scale

Mode: Language

Language for

creating

spoken and

written texts

tenses: • primary: simple past, present, future • secondary: other tenses eg was sleeping, wanted to

go, haven’t played, was going to have to play passive voice: • active: The heavy rainfall led to some minor flooding. • passive: Minor flooding was caused by the heavy rain. foregrounding: • referencing: According to the statistics, As shown in

the data • abstract elements: The destruction of the habitat • conjunction including those in second place: Success,

on the other hand,.. • phrases and dependant clauses of cause • phrases and dependent clauses of time, place,

manner including consecutive phrases time, place: In Canberra in 1975

• non-human elements: The lathe, Koalas • human elements: specific We, general People • action verbs: Draw • existential subject to introduce new information • interpersonal elements • size and placement of visual images and verbal text appropriateness of foregrounding coherence: • construction of introduction, topic sentences and

conclusion, and the links between them print conventions: • handwriting, abbreviations, spelling, punctuation multimedia / multimodal: • links between gestures, visual images, sound, light,

physical objects, layout, tables, print text and spoken text

• makes meanings in visual material, shadows, line thickness, arrows, perspective in 2-D and 3-D cross-sections and drawings

• mathematical and map symbols

• primary

- present: dying, relies, developing, investigating, are, is, have, suffer, continues, saves, predict, results, suffer, die, causes, give, produces, include, endure

- past: compelled, used, accepted, was - future: will be talking, will look back, (will) find - wrong subject: it’s answering instead of I am

answering • secondary:

- accurate: would be, it’s not publicised, should be eliminated, has benefited, have been discovered, has improved, has been, have been developed

• subject/verb agreement: has based instead of have based, needs to be compensated instead of need to be compensated

• passive: are utilised, are used, it’s not publicised,

should be eliminated, are controlled, are applied, have been discovered, was minimised, are infected, be eliminated, be taken for granted, be considered - has been applied chemicals to its exposed skin

instead of has had chemicals applied to …, are comprised of instead of include or are

• abstract:

- visual text: Animal Experimentation, Questions, Vivisection, Important Uses of Animal Experimentation, Alternatives, Bibliography

- verbal text: This viewpoint, Animal experimentation or vivisection, These (examples of vivisection), This (one example of how animal experimentation could be unnecessary, Other reasons, This method, Another disadvantage of animal experimentation, One example, Other alternatives, The use of animals for research, Only essential research

• cause: For people to understand this matter, Consequently animals endure immense torture

• time, place, manner: In the world today, From (In) a recent survey, Sometimes, One day

• non-human: Modern society, Animals, They (animals), This (a rat), this (the eye test), Millions of animals

• human: Many people, 95% of the people • interpersonal: Good afternoon • placement: centered title and image on title slide,

centered title on each slide, some sub-headings with dot points on the left and elaboration on the right, numerous visual images, some labeled

• appropriate foregrounding of a variety of elements,

in particular, abstractions in visual and verbal text • visual images and writing are combined to create a

cohesive text, the foregrounding of the graph suggests that it represents the ‘Important use of Animal Experimentation,’ although the meaning of the graph is unclear

• visual and verbal texts are linked effectively,

meaning of graph is unclear, images are appropriate and generally labelled with captions, dot points used effectively and an appropriate amount of information is presented on each slide of the PowerPoint presentation

Documents

PIETER: MULTIMODAL DISCUSSION (POWERPOINT ORAL PRESENTATION)112FDEAF-2660-4654-ACD2-06A30CB55BE… · PIETER: MULTIMODAL DISCUSSION (POWERPOINT ORAL ... (images in PowerPoint presentation