Päijät-Häme Waste Management Ltd (PHJ)

Waste Management in

Lahti Region, Finland Päijät-Häme Waste Management Ltd (PHJ)

Updated 27.9.2015

2 SETCleanTech Russia 6-8.10.2015 IPLA Global Forum Conference P. Oksanen

Lahti region / Päijät-Häme

Lahti region in brief

Population: 203 000

Population per km²: 39

Households: 98 000

Businesses: 13 000

Area: 6 300 km²

Water area: 1 125 km²

No. of lakes and ponds: approx. 100

Shoreline: approx. 5 500 km

FINLAND

SWEDEN

UK

RUSSIA

ESTONIA

LITHUANIA

LATVIA

SETCleanTech Russia 6-8.10.2015 IPLA Global Forum Conference P. Oksanen

Päijät-Häme Waste

Management Ltd (PHJ)

• 12 owner municipalities, majority

shareholder (51,5%) City of

Lahti

• founded in 1993

• turnover in 2014: €13,5 million

• personnel: 38 regular

employees, as well as

contractors’ staff

• Certified management system:

• ISO 14001, ISO 9001, OHSAS

18001

Lahti Energy Ltd.

• Owner is City of Lahti

• founded in 1907

• Net sales 183 million €

• personnel: 254 employees

• Core business is to generate

electricity and to use process

heat for district heating


5.10.2015

Lahti – Green City

Strong environment-friendly profile – Goal to cut CO₂ emissions

50% on 1990 levels by 2025

– Political support for CHP and non-fossil fuels

Local waste management company utilises and recycles 94% of all waste in the area – Only 6% to landfill

Lahti Energy has gasified SRF and co-fired it in the Kymijärvi I coal burner since 1998

103 000 inhabitants

100 km North from capital Helsinki


Factors governing waste treatment

operations

• EU directives incl. waste, incineration, landfills, packaging, vehicle scrap, WEEE

• Finnish Waste Act and Waste Decree - duties, responsibilities, recovery system

• Government Decrees incl. landfills, incineration, waste under producers’ responsibility

– quality requirements for landfill design, establishment, use, decommissioning and

aftercare

• National waste plan - sets targets for reducing and recovering waste

• Environmental authorities - environmental permits, inspection duties, reporting

• Tax authorities - waste tax, inventory accounting

• Päijät-Häme Waste Board (waste management authority)

– Municipal waste regulations and fees, decisions conserning residential waste

management

• Owner municipalities

– partnership and shareholder agreement

– board of directors, municipal rounds


Funding of communal waste management (PHJ)

Household-based eco-fee

(basic fee of waste management) • Permanent residence 21,50 €/year

• Leisure residence 12,50 €/year

Waste charges • Reception charges at service stations

Handling and reception charges at the Weigh

Station

Päijät-Häme Waste Board (waste management authority) sets the fees/charges

for waste.

Domestic waste management is not funded by government (taxation) but with

waste charges set by communal authorities.

Waste transport companies charge residences when emptying the waste bins.

Outsold waste for material recovery / reuse

Waste treatment and handling

in own and other facilities:

sorting, storaging, incineration,

gasification etc.

Income Costs

Waste tax

55 €/ton

Maintaining of service network,

guiding and counselling

PHJ Landfill aftercare


Municipal Waste Sorting System

Sorting starts in the kitchen

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=fgTy3zKbM74

Energy Waste video:





Multi-unit dwellings

Multi-unit dwellings with at least 10 apartments

are obliged according to municipal waste

management

regulations to have seven sorting bins

• Biowaste

• Energy waste

• Mixed waste

• Paper

• Cardboard

• Metal

• Glass

Detached houses, terraced houses, leisure homes

Detached houses and small properties as well as

leisure homes with less than 10 apartments

are obliged according to municipal waste

regulations to have two waste sorting bins:

• Mixed waste

• Energy waste

• (Paper: apartments with at least three

apartments)

• Composting of bio-waste is recommended

• Glass and metal packaging to

the recycling point


All:

• mixed waste (residual waste)

• energy waste

50 litres/week:

• biowaste*

50 kg/week:

• wood*

Paper according to Finnish Waste Act (49 ja 50 §)

*Obligation to separate involves areas under city/town plans in Asikkala, Heinola, Hollola, Lahti, Nastola ja Orimattila (not Artjärvi).

20 kg/week:

• cardboard*

• glass*

• metal*

Non-residential properties Municipal waste management regulations


70 hectares, 30-year lease from City of Lahti. In 2014 total 184 000 tons of waste

received, of which 91 % recovered

Kujala Waste Treatment Centre


1. waste prevention is the most important waste management method to limit climate change

– incl. efficient use of materials, getting more from less, durable and repairable products

2. eliminate bio-waste from landfills, into supervised modern composting or digestors

3. waste sorting for material recovery

4. methane capturing at landfills

5. combustible waste for energy production to replace fossil fuels

6. efficient rubbish collections – remove overlapping journeys by centralised competitive tenders, up to 40% savings

Waste management helps to prevent climate

change


Energy Waste

(combustible waste) Plastic and paper-based packaging waste

Also clothes and other textiles NOTE: Not PVC plastic (symbol 03)

No aluminium!

Residual Waste or Mixed Waste

Waste that cannot go to material recovery

or for energy waste (SRF production)

-> to waste incinerator for energy

production


Two ways: 60 % from MSW to energy recovery

Incineration in Kotka

Gasification in Lahti

Energy waste Mixed Waste

21 % 39 %


MURRE

Treatment of energy waste and wood waste • A shredding plant in Kujala

Waste Treatment Center,

MURRE

• Investment cost 4,4 milj. € in

2011

• Two processing-lines: for

energy waste and for wood

• The plant turns sorted energy

waste into high quality Solid

Recovered Fuel (SRF) by

shredding, screening and

separating (metals).

• The fuel is sold to Lahti

Energy Ltd (Gasification

plant) TYRANNOSAURUS® SRF prosessing plant from

BMH Technology


From stores, industry, homes Our SRF is prepared from

household, industrial and commercial waste

SRF consists of used plastic, wood and paper products which are unsuitable for material recycling

Lahti Energy buy ready-made SRF and do not handle waste itself

www.lahtigasification.com

5.10.2015

5.10.2015 www.lahtigasification.com

Fuel gasification

Purification of gas gives more

power

Kymijärvi II Burning of

unpurified gas

Burning in the

boiler without

gasifigation

Electricity (MW) 45 10-25 5-13

District heat (MW) 90 100-110 60-70

Steam temperature (C) 540 350-450 350-450

Steam pressure (bar) 121 40-65 40-65



Energy MWh generated from waste in PHJ

The amount of energy in 2014 represents the amount to heat approx.

11 000 single-family houses for one year (20 MWh /y)

MWh / year 2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

Fuel from Separately collected

energy waste

47 331 40 005 101 191 62 872 67 627

Recovered wood fuel

33 709 35 952 36 422 57 464 37 309

Wood chips (brush and

stumps)

6 795 3 083 9 534 4 547 2 409

Energy recovery from mixed

waste

77 784 79 550 91 694 103 699 106 996

Landfill gas

4 225 12 750 11 390 7 424 67 00

Total MWh/year

169 844 171 340 250 231 236 006 221 041


MSW recovery in Europe 2014

43%

32%

3%

35%

26% 42%

0%

60%

31% 25%

97%

5%

0%

20%

40%

60%

80%

100%

120%

EU Suomi Romania PHJ*

recycling and composting energy recovery landfill


The amount of waste (tonnes) / processing functions

0

50000

100000

150000

200000

250000

2010 2011 2012 2013 2014

LATE Sorting terminal Recyclable waste fields

MURRE Energy waste processing plant Liquid Waste OILI

Contaminated soil Landfill

Biowaste to LABIO


One bag of energy waste contains 10 kWh energy.

That can keep 12W energy saving

light pulp on over 800 hours.



5.10.2015 www.lahtigasification.com Thank you!

Documents

Päijät-Häme Waste Management Ltd (PHJ)