PIK UP series-2revise4ias.com/media/com_jnews/upload/PIKup2.pdfGlobal investement trend monitor report 2014 , releasing agency UNCTAD Bhagabatpur Crocodile project in WB restarted

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2015

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[PIK UP SERIES-2] Processed Information Knowledge Update . A revision content for UPSC Civil services Examination (Prelims 2015).

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What is Processed Information Knowledge Update (PIK UP) series? Its information scattered in small pointers about topics which we have read in the 35-days – study

plan. It is meant to complement, enhance and enrich the knowledge. It highlights some thin line

information. It also includes current information felt relevant for this exam.The pointers here are not

in-depth knowledge . One needs to have certain idea about the topics only then this series will

become useful.

It is a revision content Relevant only for CSE 2015

.Although we have tried to remain very cautious while documenting but world is about possibility

and mistakes are inevitable. Any doubts or errata in the content is regreted . www.revise4ias.com

doesn’t take any responsibility.

The information might be repeated in nature too.

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on the topic from your notes.

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“MAY THE FORCE BE WITH YOU”


National Income uses


Indian Philosophies

Adi Sankracharya – Advaita philosophy - the world is permeated by supreme being and therefore not different by supreme being

In india astika (theism) and Nastika (atheism) has been not on the basis of believe of absense or presence of god but acceptance as Veda as valid means of knowledge. Thus Charvaka,Buddhist and Jain are atheistic in that sense

Every system has sutra(terse) and bhasya(commentry)


Goal of Indian Philosophy is about Moksha and its not a other worldly goal its about the suffering of this world

Theist and atheist have both the goals and it makes Indian philosophy practical

All the philosohy belives on right knowledge but differ on this right knowledge

Mimansa-proper performance of enjoined act of duty

Vedanta – All the visible,invisible life no life are all one being the permeable

Samakhya – Effort towards discrimination intellect to understand true nature of reality as matter and energy

Yoga- discpline minds potential – union with the higher self

Nyayay- Proper knowledge of true nature of reality to choose between what to accept or discard

Vaiseska – Exact nature of material reality frees one of suffering

Jaina system talks of holistic and balanced knowledge that lead to karma Buddhist attribute all sorrow to avidya , ignorance and knowledge leads to righ

action,Achara or condct to nirvana

Charaka says its eqn of dharma ,artha and Kama

Dukha has 4 bifurcation

Heya – nature of dukha

Heyahetu- real cause of suffereing

Hana- complete absense of suffering

Hanopaya- philosophical text for hana

Samakhya sutra says the goal of the (purushartha) of life is to find liberation (nivriti) from

three kind of suffering – accidental, bodily and spiritual


Current Pointers

Saliana kharmour sanctuary – Ratlam MP- endangered bird migrated bird 'Kharmor'

Muscicapas flycatcher in Sulawesi Indonesia named after Navjot Sodhi

18th SAARC – Deeper Integration for Peace and prosperity

Mahrashtra names Dahi Handi as Adventure sports

IPC 309 removed – 20th Law commisiion- Justice AP Shah

Critically Endangered –Athene Blewitti – Betul MP

Skill and Infrastructure development in sports by Australia under Make in India

Hansens’s diesease – Anti Leprosy day Jan 30

Global investement trend monitor report 2014 , releasing agency UNCTAD

Bhagabatpur Crocodile project in WB restarted

Vital Soil moisture –SMAP – NASA Satellite

Gt Mod crop allowed – Rice ,Chana ,Maize,Brinjal,Cotton for trials Genetic Engineering Appraisal Committee (GEAC) The Committee shall function as a Statutory Body under the Ministry of Environment & Forests

Lahaoul Spiti – HP dist – Best sex ratio

Dosmoche – Laddakh Festival

Soil health card

SAFAR app-IITM –Pune- Air quality

Panjshir valley –Afghanisthan-Avalanche

Nimrud –Iraq

NASA –DAWN- for Ceres

Ratification is the official way to confirm something, usually by vote. It is the formal validation of a proposed law.We almost never use the word ratification except to talk about process by which proposed laws, treaties, and agreements are officially recognized

Acceptance or confirmation of an act or agreement that was signed (executed) by the confirming party itself. A treaty, for example, is not enforceable or valid until the ratification process is complete.

The bill amends the First Schedule of the Constitution to give effect to an agreement entered into by India and Bangladesh on the acquiring and transfer of territories between the two countries on May 16, 1974.

The First Schedule defines the area of each state and union territory which together constitute India.

The bill to operationalise the agreement with Bangladesh includes exchange of territories in Assam, West Bengal, Tripura and Meghalaya.

The error was in the numbering of the bill as "119th" amendment in the title, while it had become "100th" amendment when it was passed.


Article 368 of the Constitution of India gives Parliament the power to amend the Constitution, through a procedure described by Dr. B.R. Ambedkar in the Constituent Assembly as one of the simplest in the world. For a Bill seeking to amend the Constitution to pass, it must secure a majority of the total membership of the House and a majority of not less than two-thirds of the members present and voting, in each House of Parliament. Some special cases — amendments that affect the functioning of State governments, High Courts or the Supreme Court for example — also require the ratification of half the State legislatures in the country.

The Constitution (119th Amendment) Bill, 2013

The Constitution (119th Amendment) Bill, 2013 was introduced in the Rajya Sabha

on December 18, 2013 by Mr. Salman Khurshid, Minister of External Affairs. It was

referred to the Parliamentary Standing Committee on Law and Justice on December

31, 2013.

The Bill amends the First Schedule of the Constitution to give effect to an agreement

entered into by India and Bangladesh on the acquiring and transfer of territories

between the two countries on May 16, 1974. The First Schedule of the Constitution

defines the area of each state and union territory which together constitute India.

The India-Bangladesh Agreement was signed in 1974, but was not ratified as it

involved transfer of territory which required a Constitutional Amendment. Hence,

the Bill has been introduced.

Definition of ‘India-Bangladesh Agreement’: The Bill refers to demarcated land

boundaries in accordance with the India-Bangladesh agreement signed on May 16,

1974. This agreement underwent further modification through letters exchanged

thereafter and a protocol on September 6, 2011.

Exchange of territories: The territories involved are in the states of Assam, West

Bengal, Meghalaya and Tripura. Many of these are enclaves (i.e., territory belonging

to one country that is entirely surrounded by the other country), and there are even

enclaves-within-enclaves.

Amendment to the First Schedule of the Constitution: The Bill amends paragraphs

relating to the territories of Assam, West Bengal, Meghalaya, and Tripura in the First

Schedule of the Constitution.


The one hundredth Amendment to the Constitution, passed by the Rajya Sabha on May 6

and the Lok Sabha on May 7, is not merely a statistical milestone, but an event of immense

political and diplomatic significance. The Constitution (100th Amendment) Act, 2015 (“the

Act”) may well bring to an end one of India’s longest-running boundary disputes that has

spanned seven decades and two countries. This post discusses the Constitutional

complications that compounded this dispute, and how the passage of the Act resolves them.

After the implementation of the agreement, Bangladesh will receive 111 enclaves comprising a land area of 17, 160.63 acres and cede 51 enclaves comprising a land area of

7,110.02 acres. People in the Indian enclaves will have choices to either stay in their lands as Bangladeshis or move out to India while people in the Bangladeshi enclaves will be able to

do so. In terms of the adverse possessions, India will receive 2777.038 acres of land while Bangladesh will receive 2267.682 acres of land. People in adverse areas will also have the

choice to stay or move out.

The Berubari dispute was solved when India provided a corridor for Bangladesh to connect with Dahagram and Angorputa enclaves. India leased the corridor for eternity to

Bangladesh. Bangladesh received these two enclaves by giving up its right over southern part of Berubari.

The implementation of the land boundary agreement will usher in a new era in Bangladesh-India relationship.

Environment & Constitution of India

The Constitution of India came into force on 26th January, 1950. Originally, the constitution contains no specific provisions for environmental protection. However, certain specific provision have been incorporated by the Constitution (Forty Second Amendment) Act, 1976 and subsequent amendments. Indian Constitution is one of the very few constitutions in t he world, which provides for specific provision for the protection and improvement of the Environment.

1. The Constitution Forty Second Amendment. 2. Federal System of Govt. (Distribution of Legislative Powder). 3. Fundamental Rights. 4. Directive Principles of State Policy; and 5. Fundamental

1. Constitution Forty Second Amendment: - In 1976, under the leadership of the then Prime Minister, Smt. Indira Gandhi, the Constitution (Forty Second Amendment) Act was passed and the provisions relating to the protection of environment for the first time were incorporated by adding a new provision Article 48-A in the Chapter, Directive Principles of State Policy.


According to Article 48-A “the State shall Endeavour to protect and improve the environment and to safeguard the forests and wildlife of the country”.

Further, a new provision Article 51-A in the form of “Fundamental Duties” was also incorporated by the 42nd Amendment. According to the sub-clause (g) of Art. 51-A, “it shall be the duty of every citizen of India to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wildlife and to have compassion for living creatures”. The above two provision impose two-fold responsibilities. On the one hand, it gives directive to the State for protection and improvement of environment, and on the other hand it casts/imposes a duty on every citizen to help in the preservation of natural environment.

2. Federal System of Government (Distribution of Legislative Power):-

From environmental point of view, allocation of legislative authority is very important. The constitution of India deals exhaustively with legislative powers pertaining to environmental law. The legislative powers under the scheme of the constitution is divided into three lists viz., the Union List or List – I, the State List or List –II, the Concurrent List or List – III. Part – XI (Arts. 245-263) of the constitution provides for the distribution of legislative powers between the union and the states. Article 246 distributes the subjects of legislative power in these three lists between the Centre and the States. The union list contains 97 subjects and the Parliament alone has the power to legislate. The State List contains 66 subjects and the States have power to legislate. However, in respect of Concurrent List, which contains 52 subjects, both the Parliament and the State Legislatures have the power to legislate. There are about 200 Central and State Legislation on environmental protection. The most important environmental legislation, passed by the parliament under Art. 249 of the Constitution are The Water (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974; The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1974; The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981; and the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986.

3. Fundamental Rights:- Part –III of the Constitution, containing Arts. 12 to 35, deals with fundamental rights. Articles 15(2)(b); Art. 21 and Art. 24 provide for specific provision for environmental protection. Article 15(2)(b):- According to Art. 15(2)(b), “No citizen shall, on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth or any of them be subjected to any disability, liability, restriction or condition with regard to: the use of wells, bathing ghats, roads and places of public resort, maintained wholly or partly out for state funds or dedicated to the use of general public:. In simple words, Art. 15(2) prohibits discrimination on the ground of sex, race, religion, caste, place of birth etc. to make use of the public places the general public. The public places, which are part and parcel of the human environment should be made available to the public. The preamble to our constitution ensures socialistic pattern of the society and decent standard of life, which can be pollution free environment. Article 21:- According to Article 21 of the constitution, “no person shall be deprived of his life or personal liberty except according to procedure established by law”.

Article 21 is the heart of the fundamental rights and has received expanded meaning from time to time after the decision of the Supreme Court in Maneka Gandhi vs. Union of India, (AIR 1978 SC 597). Art. 21 guarantees a fundamental right to life –a life of dignity to be lived in a proper environment, free of danger of disease and infection. The right to live in a


healthy environment as part of Art. 21 of the Constitution was first recognized in the case of.

Rural Litigation and Entitlement Kendra vs. State of U.P., AIR 1988 SC 2187 (Popularly known as Dehradun Quarrying Case).

It is the first case of this kind in India, involving issues relating to environment and ecological balance. The R.L. & E. Kendra and others in a letter to the Supreme Court complained about the illegal / unauthorized mining in the Missouri, Dehradun belt. As a result, the ecology of the surrounding area was adversely affected and it led to the environmental disorder.

The Supreme Court treated the letter as writ petition under Art. 32 of the Constitution and directed to stop the excavation (illegal mining) under the Environment (Protection) Act, 1986. The respondents contended / argued that the write petition was registered in 1983 and the Environment (Protection) Act was passed in 1986 and hence the criminal proceedings cannot be initiated with retrospective effect. The court rejected the contention of the respondents and held that the provisions of procedural law shall apply to ordinary criminal cases and not to the environmental cases. The court directed the Central and State Governments to take necessary steps to prevent illegal mining and to re-afforesation in the area of mining.

In M.C. Mehta vs. Union of India, AIR 1987 SC 1086 (Popularly known as “Oleum Gas Leak Case”) – The Supreme Court treated the right to live in pollution free environment as a part of fundamental right to life under Art. 21 of the Constitution. Further the A.P. High Court in T. Damodar Rao vs. S.O., Municipal Corporation, Hyderabad, (AIR 1987 A.P. 171) laid down that right to live in healthy environment was specially declared to be part of Art. 21 to the Constitution.

Article 24: Article 24 of the Constitution speaks about exploitation of child labour. It says that “No child below the age of 14 years shall be employed to wok in any factory or mine or engaged in any other hazardous employment” this provisions is certainly in the interest of public health and part of the environment. Further, Art. 39 (e) and 39 (f) under Directive Principles of State Policy provide for the protection of the health and strength of children below the age of 14 years.

In people’s Union for Democratic Rights vs. Union of India, (AIR 1982 SC 1473), the Supreme Court held that the prohibition under Art. 24 could be enforced against any one, be it the State or private individual.

In pursuance of this obligation, parliament enacted the Child Labour (prohibition and Regulation) Act, 1986. The Act prohibits specifically the employment of children in certain industries.

4. Directive Principles of State Policy:- Part IV of the Constitution, Containing Articles 36 to 51, deals with Directive Principles of State Policy. The directive principles form the fundamental feature and are designed to achieve socio economic goals. Art. 39 (a), which was inserted by the Constitution 942nd Amendment) Act, 1976 provides for Equal Justice and Free Legal Aid. It promotes justice on the basis of equal opportunities.


It imposes an imperative duty upon the State to provide free legal aid to the poor litigant so as to secure him equal protection of laws against his well – to – do opponent.

1. Equal right of men and women to adequate means of livelihood. 2. Distribution of ownership and control of the material resources community to the common good. 3. To ensure that the economic system should not result in concentration of wealth and means of production to the common detriment. 4. Equal pay for equal work for both men and women. 5. To protect health and strength of workers and tender age of children and to ensure that they are not forced by economic necessity to entire avocations unsuited to their age or strength; and 6. That children are given opportunities and facilities to develop in a healthy manner and in conditions of freedom and dignity and that childhood and youth are protected against exploitation and against moral and material abandonment.

Article 39(b):- The expression ‘material source’ under Art. 39 (b) means all things, which are capable producing wealth for the community. In includes those, which are already vested in the State but also in the hands of private individuals. Further, the expression ‘distribution’ in Art. 39 (b) does not mean that one’s property is taken over and is distributed to others. It also includes nationalization which is an effective means to prevent concentration of wealth in a few hands so as to benefit the society at large. Article 39(1):- Art. 39(1) was amended by the Constitution (42nd Amendment) Act, 1976 with a view to emphasize the constructive role of the State with regard to children. Article 47:- Art. 47 provides that the State shall regard the raising of the level of nutrition and the standard of living of its people and the improvement of public health as among its primary duties. The improvement of public health also includes the protection and improvement of environment without which public health cannot be assured. Article 48:- It deals with organization of agriculture and animal husbandry. Art. 48 directs the State to take steps to organize agriculture and animal husbandry on modern and scientific lines. In particular, it should take steps for preserving and improving the breeds and prohibiting the slaughter of cows and calves and other milch and draught cattle. Article 49:-It deals with protection of monuments and places and objects of national importance. Art. 49 requires the State to protect c-very monument or place or object of artistic or historic interest (declared by or under law made by parliament to be of national importance) from spoliation, disfigurement, destruction, removal, disposal or export. 5. Fundamental Duties (51-A):- Art. 51-A was added under the Constitution (42nd Amendment) Act. 1976, which deals with 'Fundamental Duties' under Part IV-A. Art. 51 -A enlists ten fundamental duties designed for restructuring and building a welfare society 'State Art. 51 -A(g) specifically deals with the fundamental duty with respect to environment. It provides "it shall be the duty of every citizen of India to protect and improve the natural environment including forests, lakes, rivers and wild life and to have compassion for living creatures. (To put it simply Art. 51-A(g) refers to the fundamental duty of every citizen to protect and improve 'natural environment'.


What are the subjects related to environment in the seventh schedule of the Constitution?

Union List Entries • Industries • Regulation and development of oil fields and mineral oil resources • Regulation of mines and mineral development • Regulation and development of inter-State rivers and river valleys • Fishing and fisheries beyond territorial waters.

State List Entries • Public health and sanitation • Agriculture, protection against pest and prevention of plant diseases. • Land, colonization, etc. • Fisheries • Regulation of mines and mineral development subject to the provisions of List-I • Industries subject to the provisions of List-I.

Common or Concurrent List Entries • A.Forests • Protection of wild animals and birds • Economic and social planning • Population control and family planning

Do the Panchayats and Muncipalities have any role in protecting environment?

Yes, Parts IX and IXA have been added to the Constitution by 73rd and 74th Amendments in 1992 to give constitutional sanction to democracy at the grassroot level through Panchayats and Muncipalities.

Part IX: Panchayats

The Panchayats are assigned with the powers to perform such functions as mentioned in 29 subjects, in the Eleventh Schedule of the Constitution. Among them, the following are related to environment.

• Agriculture, including agricultural extension. • Land improvement, implementation of land reforms, land consolidation and soil

conservation. • Minor irrigation, water management and watershed development. • Animal husbandry, dairying and poultry. • Fisheries. • Social forestry and farm forestry. • Minor forest produce. • Rural housing. • Drinking water. • Fuel and fodder. • Roads, culverts, bridges, ferries, waterways and other means of communication. • Non-Conventional energy sources. • Health and sanitation, including hospitals, primary health centres and

dispensaries. • Maintenance of community assets.

Part IX A: Municipalities

The following subjects related to environment in the Twelfth Schedule of the Constitution are to be taken care of by the Municipalities (Nagarpalikas).

• Urban planning including town planning. • Regulation of land-use and construction of buildings.


• Water supply for domestic, industrial and commercial and solid waste management,

• Public health, sanitation conservancy and solid waste management. • Urban forestry, protection of the environment and promotion of ecological

aspects. • Slum improvement and upgradation. • Provision of urban amenities and facilities such as parks, gardens, playgrounds. • Cattle pounds; prevention of cruelty to animals. • Regulation of slaughter houses and tanneries.

Women and Constitution of India

1. CONSTITUTIONAL PROVISIONS The Constitution of India not only grants equality to women but also empowers the State to adopt measures of positive discrimination in favour of women for neutralizing the cumulative socio economic, education and political disadvantages faced by them. Fundamental Rights, among others, ensure equality before the law and equal protection of law; prohibits discrimination against any citizen on grounds of religion, race, caste, sex or place of birth, and guarantee equality of opportunity to all citizens in matters relating to employment. Articles 14, 15, 15(3), 16, 39(a), 39(b), 39(c) and 42 of the Constitution are of specific importance in this regard. Constitutional Privileges (i) Equality before law for women (Article 14) (ii) The State not to discriminate against any citizen on grounds only of religion, race, caste, sex, place of birth or any of them (Article 15 (i)) (iii) The State to make any special provision in favour of women and children (Article 15 (3)) (iv) Equality of opportunity for all citizens in matters relating to employment or appointment to any office under the State (Article 16) (v) The State to direct its policy towards securing for men and women equally the right to an adequate means of livelihood (Article 39(a)); and equal pay for equal work for both men and women (Article 39(d)) (vi) To promote justice, on a basis of equal opportunity and to provide free legal aid by suitable legislation or scheme or in any other way to ensure that opportunities for securing justice are not denied to any citizen by reason of economic or other disabilities (Article 39 A) (vii) The State to make provision for securing just and humane conditions of work and for maternity relief(Article 42) (viii) The State to promote with special care the educational and economic interests of the weaker sections of the people and to protect them from social injustice and all forms of exploitation (Article 46) (ix) The State to raise the level of nutrition and the standard of living of its people (Article 47) (x) To promote harmony and the spirit of common brotherhood amongst all the people of India and to renounce practices derogatory to the dignity of women (Article 51(A) (e))


(xi) Not less than one-third (including the number of seats reserved for women belonging to the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes) of the total number of seats to be filled by direct election in every Panchayat to be reserved for women and such seats to be allotted by rotation to different constituencies in a Panchayat (Article 243 D(3)) (xii) Not less than one- third of the total number of offices of Chairpersons in the Panchayats at each level to be reserved for women (Article 243 D (4)) (ix) Not less than one-third (including the number of seats reserved for women belonging to the Scheduled Castes and the Scheduled Tribes) of the total number of seats to be filled by direct election in everyMunicipality to be reserved for women and such seats to be allotted by rotation to different constituencies in a Municipality (Article 243 T (3)) (x) Reservation of offices of Chairpersons in Municipalities for the Scheduled Castes, the Scheduled Tribes and women in such manner as the legislature of a State may by law provide (Article 243 T (4)) 2. LEGAL PROVISIONS To uphold the Constitutional mandate, the State has enacted various legislative measures intended to ensure equal rights, to counter social discrimination and various forms of violence and atrocities and to provide support services especially to working women. Although women may be victims of any of the crimes such as ‘Murder’, ‘Robbery’, ‘Cheating’ etc, the crimes, which are directed specifically against women, are characterized as ‘Crime against Women’. These are broadly classified under two categories. (1) The Crimes Identified Under the Indian Penal Code (IPC)

Rape (Sec. 376 IPC) Kidnapping & Abduction for different purposes ( Sec. 363-373)

Homicide for Dowry, Dowry Deaths or their attempts (Sec. 302/304-B IPC) Torture, both mental and physical (Sec. 498-A IPC)

Molestation (Sec. 354 IPC) Sexual Harassment (Sec. 509 IPC)

Importation of girls (up to 21 years of age) (2) The Crimes identified under the Special Laws (SLL) Although all laws are not gender specific, the provisions of law affecting women significantly have been reviewed periodically and amendments carried out to keep pace with the emerging requirements. Some acts which have special provisions to safeguard women and their interests are: (i) The Employees State Insurance Act, 1948 (ii) The Plantation Labour Act, 1951 (iii) The Family Courts Act, 1954 (iv)The Special Marriage Act, 1954 (v) The Hindu Marriage Act, 1955 (vi) The Hindu Succession Act, 1956 with amendment in 2005 (vii) Immoral Traffic (Prevention) Act, 1956 (viii) The Maternity Benefit Act, 1961 (Amended in 1995) (ix) Dowry Prohibition Act, 1961 (x) The Medical Termination of Pregnancy Act, 1971 (xi) The Contract Labour (Regulation and Abolition) Act, 1976 (xii) The Equal Remuneration Act, 1976 (xiii) The Prohibition of Child Marriage Act, 2006


(xiv) The Criminal Law (Amendment) Act, 1983 (xv) The Factories (Amendment) Act, 1986 (xvi) Indecent Representation of Women (Prohibition) Act, 1986 (xvii) Commission of Sati (Prevention) Act, 1987 (xviii) The Protection of Women from Domestic Violence Act, 2005 3. SPECIAL INITIATIVES FOR WOMEN (i) National Commission for Women In January 1992, the Government set-up this statutory body with a specific mandate to study and monitor all matters relating to the constitutional and legal safeguards provided for women, review the existing legislation to suggest amendments wherever necessary, etc. (ii) Reservation for Women in Local Self -Government The 73rd Constitutional Amendment Acts passed in 1992 by Parliament ensure one-third of the total seats for women in all elected offices in local bodies whether in rural areas or urban areas. (iii) The National Plan of Action for the Girl Child (1991-2000) The plan of Action is to ensure survival, protection and development of the girl child with the ultimate objective of building up a better future for the girl child. (iv) National Policy for the Empowerment of Women, 2001 The Department of Women & Child Development in the Ministry of Human Resource Development has prepared a “National Policy for the Empowerment of Women” in the year 2001. The goal of this policy is to bring about the advancement, development and empowerment of women.

Education and COI

The following provisions have a great bearing on the functioning of the educational

system in India:

Article 28:

According to our Constitution article 28 provides freedom as to attendance at religious

instruction or religious worship in educational institutions.

Article 29:

This article provides equality of opportunity in educational institutions.

Article 30:

It accepts the right of the minorities to establish and administrate educational institutions.

Article 45:

According to this article "The state shall endeavour to provide within a period of ten years

from the commencement of this Constitution for free and compulsory education for all

children until they complete the age of 14 years."


We notice that the responsibility for universal elementary education lies with the Central

Government, the State Governments, the Local Bodies and voluntary organisations.

Article 46:

It provides for special care to the promotion of education and economic interests of the

scheduled caste, scheduled tribes and the weaker sections of society.

Article 337:

This provides for special provision with respect to educational grants for the benefit of

Anglo-Indian community.

Article 350A:

This article relates to facilities for instruction in mother tongue at primary stage.

Article 350B:

It provides for a special offer for linguistic minorities.

Article 351:

This article relates to the development and promotion of the Hindi language.

The seventh schedule of the Indian Constitution contains legislative powers under three lists

viz. The Union List, the State List and the Concurrent List

The Union List:

This list contains 97 subjects where the following entries are related to education:

Entry 13:

To provide Educational and Cultural relations with foreign countries.

Entry 62:

The institutions known at the commencement of the Constitution as National Library, The

Indian Museum, the Imperial War Museum, the Victoria Memorial, and Indian War

Memorial. Any other such institutions financed by the Government of India wholly or in part

and declared by the Parliament by law to be an institution of national importance.

Entry 63:

Institutions of national importance. The institution known at the commencement of this

Constitution as the BHU, AMU and Delhi University etc. declared by Parliament by law to be

an institution of national importance.

Entry 64:


The institution of scientific and technical education financed by the Government of India

wholly or in part and declared by law to be institutions of national importance like IITs and

lIMs.

Entry 65:

Union agencies and institutions for:

(i) Professional, vocational or technical training, including the training of police officers.

(ii) The promotion of special studies or research.

(iii) Scientific or technical assistance in the investigation of detection of crime.

Entry 66:

Coordination and determination of standards in the institution of higher education or

research and scientific and technical institutions.

State List:

State list consists of 66 entries, out of which the following is the entry related to education:

Entry 12:

According to this entry all libraries, museums and other similar institutions controlled or

financed by the state, ancient and historical monuments and records other than those

declared by or under law made by the Parliament to be of the national importance.

Concurrent List:

It comprises 47 entries, among them the following are related to education:

Entry 20:

Economic and social planning.

Entry 25:

Education, including technical education, medical education and universities subject to

provision of entries 63,64,65,66 of list (Union List).

Entry 34:

Newspapers, books and printing presses.

Reservation in Education

(A) Education of minorities :

Article 28 of the Constitution has made certain provisions for the education of the

minorities including


(i) No religious instruction shall be provided in educational institutions wholly maintained

out of state funds.

(ii) If any institution has been established under any endowment trust even if administrated

by state, can impart religious education.

(iii) None person attending an educational institution recognized by the state or receiving

funds from state government shall be required to take part in any religious worship or

instruction that may be conducted in such institutions or in any premises attached there to

unless such person or if such person in a minor and his guardian has given his consent

thereto.

(B) Cultural and Educational Rights:

Under article 29 and 30 for the protection of educational interest of minorities viz.

(i) Article 29 (i):

Any section of citizen residing in the territory of India on any part thereof having a distinct

language, script or culture of its own shall have the right to conserve the same.

(ii) Article 30 (i):

All minorities whether based on religion or language shall have the right to establish and

administer educational institutions of their choice.

(iii) Article 30 (ii):

The state shall not in granting and to educational institution discriminate against any

educational institution on the ground that it is under the management of a minority

whether based on religion or language.

(iv) To make any law providing for the compulsory acquisition of any property of any

educational institutions established and administrated by minorities, the state shall ensure

that the amount fixed by or determined under such law for acquisition of such property is

such as would not restrict on abrogate the right guaranteed to them.

(C) Admissions:

(i) Article 29 (II) states that no citizen of India can be denied admission into any educational

institution, which is either maintained by the state or receiving aid out of state funds oil

ground only of religion, race, caste, language or any of them.

(ii)Article 15 (III) states that to make special provisions for women. Hence, separate

educational institutions for women can be established.

(D) Mother Tongue:


For promotion of teaching of mother tongue the Constitution of India has made some

provisions for Hindi language.

Article 350 (A):

It shall be endeavour of every state and local authorities with the state to provide adequate

faculties for instruction in the mother tongue at the primary stage of education to children

belonging to linguistic minority groups : the President may issue directions to any state as

he considers necessary for recurring the facilities.

Article 351:

It is to promote the development of Hindi language and slates that it shall be the duty of the

Central Government to promote the spread of Hindi language in the entire country.

(E) Right to Education:

Article 41 of the Constitution provides that "All the citizens have equal right to education ''.

It states. "The state shall, within the limits of its economic capacity and development, make

effective provisions for the right to work, to education and to public assistance in cases of

employment, old age, sickness and disablement''.

(F) Weaker Section:

Our Constitution has made some special provisions for the weaker sections of our society

viz.

Article 45:

The state shall endeavour to provide within a period often years from the commencement

of the Constitution for the free and compulsory education for all children until they

complete the age of 14 years.

Article 46:

The state shall promote with special care the educational and economic interests of weaker

sections of the people and, in particular, of the scheduled caste and scheduled tribes, and

shall protect them social injustice and all forms of exploitations''.

The Supreme Court of India has given the following guidelines to promote education of the

people:

(i) The state can make regulatory measures to promote efficiency of education.

(ii) Educational institutions of minority groups cannot claim immunity from general laws

such as contract law, labour law and industrial law etc.

(iii) The state can take over the management of the institutions of minority groups in case of

irregularity and inefficiency.


(iv)Teachers have the right to approach to the Arbitration Tribunal in case of any injustice to

them by the institution

Green Manure

Green manuring are low cost and effective technology in minimising cost of fertilizers and safeguarding productivity.

Green manure crops Crops grown for the purpose of restoring or increasing the organic matter content in the soil are called Green manure crops

Use of Green manure crops in cropping system is called 'Green Manuring' where the crop is

grown in situ or brought from outside and incorporated when it is purposely grown.

Leguminous green manures

Local name

Sesbania

Dhaincha

Sunhemp

Wild Indigo

Pillipesara

Cowpea

Cluster bean (Guar)

Green gram (Mung bean)

Berseem

Madras Indigo

Common shrubs and trees used as green leaf manures

Shrubs Trees Green Leaf Manures

Cassia auriculata Derris indica Ipomoea cornea Jatropha Tephrosia candida

Thespesia populnea Neem Glyricidia Cassia tora Vitex negundu

Leucaena leucocephala Calotropis gigantea Delonix regia Cassia Occidental Hibiscus viscosa

Non-conventional green manures


1. Leguminous or non-leguminous annuals, shrubs and trees providing large biomass and can supply considerable quantity of plant nutrients

2. Initial set back may be seen in crops after the incorporation of organic residues with wide C-N ratio

3. High lignin content which resist easy decomposition and release of higher proportion of organic acids during decomposition adversely affect establishment of young seedlings can be overcome by extra addition of N or use suitable microbial inoculants.

Forms of green manuring

1. Improved fallow, i.e. replacing natural fallow vegetation with green manure 2. Alley cropping: quickly growing trees, shrubs (usually legumes) or; grasses are

planted in rows and are regularly cut back 3. Integration of trees into crop land, as found in several traditional farming systems, 4. Relay fallowing by sowing bush legumes among the food crops 5. Live mulching, in which the rows of food crops are sown into a low but dense cover

crop of grasses or legumes, strips of the cover crop are removed by hand or killed by herbicides when the food crops are to be sown, thus reducing soil tillage operations to zero;

6. Shaded green manures (in fruit orchards, coffee plots, multistorey kitchen gardens etc)

Smart Cities

The focus is on sustainable and inclusive development and the idea is to look at compact

areas, create a replicable model which will act like a light house to other aspiring cities.

The core infrastructure elements in a Smart City would include:

i. adequate water supply ii. . assured electricity supply, iii. sanitation, including solid waste management, iv. efficient urban mobility and public transport, v. affordable housing, especially for the poor, vi. robust IT connectivity and digitalization, vii. good governance, especially e-Governance and citizen participation, viii. sustainable environment ix. safety and security of citizens, particularly women, children and the elderly, and x. health and education.


The government has framed the following criteria for transforming 100 Indian cities into smart

city:

One satellite city of each of the cities with a population of 4 million people or more (9 cities)

All the cities in the population range of 1 – 4 million people (44 cities)

All State/Union Territories Capitals, even if they have a population of less than one million

(17 cities)

Cities of tourist and religious importance (10 cities)

Cities in the 0.5 to 1.0 million population range ( 20 cities)

In Delhi, it is being proposed that Delhi Development Authority will develop a new smart

city through the land pooling scheme as a demonstrative city and the New Delhi Municipal

Corporation area may also be considered for demonstrating all the components of Smart

Cities.

India –US Allahabad,Ajmer & Visakhapatnam

India –Japan – Varanasi Smart city

India –Spain – Delhi

India – Germany – 3 cities yet to be identified

India –Canada -

Sister City – India –Nepal

Kathmandu-Varanasi Janakpur-Ayodya, Lumbini –Bodhgaya

18th SAARC Summit – Deeper Integration for Peace and Prosperity theme

Codex, which is short for "Codex Alimentarius", the Latin term for "food code" is an international food standards code developed by the Codex Alimentarius Commission (CAC), with its secretariat at Rome. "Codex India" the National Codex Contact Point (NCCP) for India, is located at the Directorate General Of Health Services, Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MOH&FW), Government of India. It coordinates and promotes Codex activities in India in association with the National Codex Committee and facilitates India's input to the work of Codex through an established consultation process.

This component is for affecting the recovery of critically endangered species in the country.

Initially 17 species have been identified under this component. These are Snow Leopard,

Bustard (including Floricans), Dolphin, Hangul, Nilgiri Tahr, Marine Turtles, Dugongs, Edible

Nest Swiftlet, Asian Wild Buffalo, Nicobar Megapode, Manipur Brow-antlered Deer,

Vultures, Malabar Civet, Indian Rhinoceros, Asiatic Lion, Swamp Deer and Jerdon’s Courser.


Salient Features of 19th Livestock Census

v The total livestock population consisting of Cattle, Buffalo, Sheep, Goat, pig, Horses & Ponies, Mules, Donkeys, Camels, Mithun and Yak in the country is 512.05 million numbers in 2012. The total livestock population has decreased by about 3.33% over the previous census.

v Livestock population has increased substantially in Gujarat (15.36%), Uttar Pradesh (14.01%), Assam (10.77%), Punjab (9.57%) Bihar (8.56%); Sikkim (7.96%), Meghalaya (7.41%), and Chhattisgarh (4.34%).

v The number of milch animals (in-milk and dry), cows and buffaloes, has increased from 111.09 million to 118.59 million, an increase of 6.75%.

v The number of animals in milk, cows and buffaloes, has increased from 77.04 million to 80.52 million showing a growth of 4.51%.

v The Female Cattle (Cows) Population has increased by 6.52% over the previous census (2007) and the total number of female cattle in 2012 is 122.9 million numbers.

v The Female Buffalo population has increased by 7.99% over the previous census and the total number of female buffalo is 92.5 million numbers in 2012.

v The exotic/crossbred milch cattle increased from 14.4 million to 19.42 million, an increase of 34.78%.

v Indigenous milch cattle increased from 48.04 million to 48.12 million, an increase of 0.17%.

v The milch buffaloes increased from 48.64 million to 51.05 million with an increase of 4.95% over previous census.

v The total sheep in the country is 65.06 million numbers in 2012, declined by about 9.07% over census 2007.

v The Goat population has declined by 3.82% over the previous census and the total Goat in the country is 135.17 million numbers in 2012.

v The total pigs in the country have decreased by 7.54% over the previous census and the total pigs in the country are 10.29 million numbers in 2012.

v Horses & Ponies population has increased by 2.08% over the previous census and the total Horses & Ponies in the country is 0.62 million numbers in 2012.

v The total Mules in the country have increased by 43.34% over the previous census and the total Mules in the country are 0.19 million numbers in 2012.

v Camel population has decreased by 22.48% over the previous census and the total Camels in the country is 0.4 million numbers in 2012.

v The total Donkey population in the country have decreased by 27.22% over the previous census and the total donkeys in the country are 0.32 million numbers in 2012.

v The total poultry population in the country has increased by 12.39% over the previous census and the total poultry in the country is 729.2 million numbers in 2012.

v The total Mithun and Yak in the country has registered a growth rates of 12.98% and -7.64% respectively over the previous census and the Mithuns and Yaks in the country is 0.29 million and 0.07 million in numbers respectively


14th FFC

1)The 14th Finance Commission is of the view that tax devolution should be the primary route for transfer of resources to the States.

2)In understanding the States’ needs, it has ignored the Plan and non-Plan distinctions

3) According to the Commission, the increased devolution of the divisible pool of taxes is a ``compositional shift in transfers’’ – from grants to tax devolution

4)In recommending an horizontal distribution, it has used broad parameters – population (1971), changes in population since then, income distance, forest cover and area, among others.

5)It has recommended distribution of grants to States for local bodies using 2011 population data with weight of 90 per cent and area with weight of 10 per cent

6)Grants to States are divided into two

7)One, grant to duly constituted gram panchayats

8)Two, grant to duly constituted municipal bodies

9)And, it has divided grants into two parts

10) A basic grant, and a performance one for gram panchayats and municipal bodies

11)The ration of basic to performance grant is 90:10 for panchayats; and 80:20 for municipalities

12)The total grant recommended is Rs. 2,87,436 crore for a five-year period. Out of which, the grant to panchayats is Rs.2,00,292 crore. And, the reminder goes to municipalities

13)The Commission has significantly departed from previous commission vis-à-vis recommendation of the principles governing grants-in-aid to the States by the Centre

14)It has chosen to take the entire revenue expenditure for this purpose. Hence, it has decided to take into account a state’s entire revenue expenditure needs without making a distinction between plan and non-plan expenditure


15)The Commission is of the view that sharing pattern in respect to various Centrally-sponsored schemes need to change. It wants the States to share a greater fiscal responsibility for the implementation of such schemes.

ALL ACTIVE SCHEMES

Scheme Under which

Minisry

Year of

start Domain summary

Aam Aadmi

Bima Yojana MoF 2007 Insurance

Scheme extends the

benefit of life insurance

coverage as well as

coverage of partial and

permanent disability to

the head of the family

or an earning member

of the family of rural

landless households

and educational

assistance to their

children studying from

9th to 12th standard as

an extended benefit.

Atal Pension

Yojana MoF

May 9,

2015 Pension

Social Sector Scheme

pertaining to Pension

Sector

Bachat Lamp

Yojna MoP 2009

reduce the cost

of compact fluorescent

lamps

Central

Government

Health Scheme

MoHFW 1954 Health

comprehensive medical

care facilities to Central

Government

employees and their

family members


Deendayal

Disabled

Rehabilitation

Scheme

MoSJE 2003

Create an enabling

environment to ensure

equal opportunities,

equity, social justice

and empowerment of

persons with

disabilities.

Deen Dayal

Upadhyaya

Gram Jyoti

Yojana

MoP 2015 Rural Power

Supply

It is a Government of

India program aimed at

providing 24x7

uninterrupted power

supply to all homes in

Rural India

Gramin

Bhandaran

Yojna

MoA March 31,

2007

Creation of scientific

storage capacity with

allied facilities in rural

areas to meet the

requirements of

farmers for storing

farm produce,

processed farm

produce and

agricultural inputs.

Improve their

marketability through

promotion of grading,

standardization and

quality control of

agricultural produce.

Indira Awaas

Yojana MoRD 1985

Provides financial

assistance to rural poor

for constructing their

houses themselves.

Indira Gandhi

Matritva

Sahyog Yojana

MoWCD 2010

A cash incentive of Rs.

4000 to women (19

years and above) for


the first two live births

Integrated

Child

Development

Services

MoWCD October 2,

1975

tackle malnutrition and

health problems in

children below 6 years

of age and their

mothers

Integrated

Rural

Development

Program

MoRD 1978

self-employment

program to raise the

income-generation

capacity of target

groups among the poor

Janani Suraksha

Yojana MoHFW 2005 Mother Care

One-time cash

incentive to pregnant

women for

institutional/home

births through skilled

assistance

Jawaharlal

Nehru National

Urban Renewal

Mission

(JnNURM)

MoUD December

3, 2005

City

Modernisation.

To be replaced

by Atal Mission

for

Rejuvenation

and Urban

Transformation

a programme meant to

improve the quality of

life and infrastructure

in the cities

Kasturba

Gandhi Balika

Vidyalaya

MoHRD July 2004

Educational facilities

(residential schools) for

girls belonging

to SC, ST,OBC, minority

communities and

families below the

poverty line(bpl) in

Educationally Backward

Blocks

INSPIRE Department of

Scholarships for top


Programme Science and

Technology(India)

Science students ,

Fellowships for

pursuing PhD ,

Research Grants to

researchers

Kishore

Vaigyanik

Protsahan

Yojana

MoST 1999

Scholarship program to

encourage students to

take up research

careers in the areas of

basic sciences,

engineering and

medicine

Livestock

Insurance

Scheme (India)

MoA

Insurance to cattle and

attaining qualitative

improvement in

livestock and their

products.

Members of

Parliament

Local Area

Development

Scheme

MoSPI December

23, 1993

Each MP has the choice

to suggest to the

District Collector for,

works to the tune of

Rs.5 Crores per annum

to be taken up in

his/her constituency.

The Rajya Sabha

Member of Parliament

can recommend works

in one or more districts

in the State from where

he/she has been

elected.

Midday Meal

Scheme MoHRD

August 15,

1995

Lunch (free of cost) to

school-children on all

working days

National

Literacy MoHRD May 5,

Make 80 million adults

in the age group of 15 -


Mission

Programme

1988 35 literate

National

Pension

Scheme

January 1,

2004 Pension

Contribution based

pension system

National

Scheme on

Welfare of

Fishermen

MoA

Financial assistance to

fishers for construction

of house, community

hall for recreation and

common working place

and installation of

tube-wells for drinking

water

National Social

Assistance

Scheme

MoRD August 15,

1995 Pension

Public assistance to its

citizens in case of

unemployment, old

age, sickness and

disablement and in

other cases of

undeserved want

Pradhan Mantri

Adarsh Gram

Yojana

MoRD July 23,

2010 Model Village

Integrated

development

of Schedule

Caste majority villages

in four states

Pradhan Mantri

Suraksha Bima

Yojana

MoF May 9,

2015 Insurance


pertaining to Insurance

Sector

Pradhan Mantri

Jeevan Jyoti

Bima Yojana

MoF May 9,

2015 Insurance


pertaining to Insurance

Sector

Pradhan Mantri

Jan Dhan

Yojana

MoF August 28,

2014

Financial

Inclustion

National Mission for

Financial Inclusion to

ensure access to


financial services,

namely Banking Savings

& Deposit Accounts,

Remittance, Credit,

Insurance, Pension in

an affordable manner

Pradhan Mantri

Gram Sadak

Yojana

MoRD December

25, 2000 Rural Road

Good all-weather road

connectivity to

unconnected villages

Rajiv Awas

Yojana MhUPA 2013 Urban Housing

It envisages a “Slum

Free India" with

inclusive and equitable

cities in which every

citizen has access to

basic civic

infrastructure and

social amenities and

decent shelter

Rashtriya Krishi

Vikas Yojana MoA

August 1,

2007

Achieve 4% annual

growth in agriculture

through development

of Agriculture and its

allied sectors during

the XI Plan period

Rashtriya

Swasthya Bima

Yojana

MoLE April 1,

2008 Insurance

Health insurance to

poor (BPL), Domestic

workers, MGNERGA

workers,

Rikshawpullers,

Building and other

construction workers,

and many other

categories as may be

identified by the

respective states


Saksham or

Rajiv Gandhi

Scheme for

Empowerment

of Adolescent

Boys

MoWCD 2014 Skill

Development

Aims at all-round

development of

Adolescent Boys and

make them self-reliant,

gender-sensitive and

aware citizens, when

they grow up. It cover

all adolescent boys

(both school going and

out of school) in the

age-group of 11 to 18

years subdivided into

two categories, viz. 11-

14 & 14–18 years. In

2014-15, an allocation

of Rs. 25 crore is made

for the scheme.

Sabla or Rajiv

Gandhi Scheme

for

Empowerment

of Adolescent

Girls

MoWCD 2011 Skill

Development

Empowering

adolescent girls (Age)

of 11–18 years with

focus on out-of-school

girls by improvement in

their nutritional and

health status and

upgrading various skills

like home skills, life

skills and vocational

skills. Merged Nutrition

Programme for

Adolescent Girls

(NPAG) and Kishori

Shakti Yojana (KSY).

Sampoorna

Grameen

Rozgar Yojana

MoRD September

25, 2001

Rural Self

Employment

Providing additional

wage employment and

food security, alongside

creation of durable

community assets in

rural areas.


Skill India

Programme

(National Skill

Development

Mission)

MoSDE July 15,

2015

Skill

Development

seeks to provide the

institutional capacity to

train a minimum 40

crore skilled people by

2022

Swabhiman MoF February

15, 2011

To make banking

facility available to all

citizens and to get 5

crore accounts opened

by Mar 2012

Swavalamban MoF September

26, 2010

pension scheme to the

workers in unorganised

sector. Any citizen who

is not part of any

statutory pension

scheme of the

Government and

contributes between

Rs. 1000 and Rs.

12000/- per annum,

could join the scheme.

The Central

Government shall

contribute Rs. 1000 per

annum to such

subscribers.

Udisha MoWCD

Child Care Training Program for

ICDS workers

HRIDAY -

Heritage City

Development

and

Augmentation

Yojana

MoUD Jan 2015

The scheme seeks to

preserve and

rejuvenate the rich

cultural heritage of the

country.

Sukanya

Samridhi MoWCD Jan 2015

The scheme primarily

ensures equitable share


Yojana (Girl

Child Prosperity

Scheme)

to a girl child in

resources and savings

of a family in which she

is generally

discriminated as

against a male child.

National Rural

Livelihood

Mission (NRLM)

MoRD June 2011

This scheme will

organize rural poor into

SHG groups and make

them capable for self-

employment. The idea

is to develop better

livelihood options for

the poor.

Digital India

Programme MoC&IT

July 1,

2015

Digitally

Empowered

Nation

Aims to ensure that

government services

are available to citizens

electronically and

people get benefit of

the latest information

and communication

technology

National

Service Scheme MoYAS

Personality

development through

social (or community)

service

Namami Gange

Programme MoWR

March

1995

Clean &

Protect Ganga

Integrates the efforts

to clean and protect

the River Ganga in a

comprehensive manner

Smart Cities

Mission MoUD

June 25,

2015

Urban

Development

To enable better living

and drive economic

growth stressing on the

need for people centric

urban planning and


development.

Atal Mission for

Rejuvenation

and Urban

Transformation

(AMRUT)

MoUD June 25,

2015

Urban

Development


and drive economic



urban planning and

development.

Pradhan Mantri

Awas Yojana

(PMAY)

MoUD June 25,

2015

Urban

Development


and drive economic



urban planning and

development.

Voluntary

Disclosure of

Income Scheme

June 18,

1997

Opportunity to the

income tax/ wealth tax

defaulters to disclose

their undisclosed

income at the

prevailing tax rates.

Mahatma

Gandhi

National Rural

Employment

Guarantee Act

MoRD February

6, 2006[

Rural Wage

Employment

Legal guarantee for one

hundred days of

employment in every

financial year to adult

members of any rural

household willing to do

public work-related

unskilled manual work

at the statutory

minimum wage of Rs.

120 per day in 2009

prices.

Rajiv Gandhi

Grameen

Vidyutikaran

Yojana

MoP April 2005 Rural

Electrification

Programme for

creation of Rural

Electricity

Infrastructure &

Household


Electrification for

providing access to

electricity to rural

households

The New Development Bank BRICS (NDB BRICS), formerly referred to as the BRICS Development Bank, is multilateral development bank operated by the BRICS states (Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa) as an alternative to the existing US-dominated World

Bank and International Monetary Fund. The Bank is set up to foster greater financial and development cooperation among the five emerging markets. Together, the four original BRIC countries comprise in 2014 more than 3 billion people or 41.4 percent of the world’s population, cover more than a quarter of the world’s land area over three continents, and account for more than 25 percent of global GDP. It will be headquartered in Shanghai, China. Unlike the World Bank, which assigns votes based on capital share, in the New Development Bank each participant country will be assigned one vote, and none of the countries will have

veto power

The National Stock Exchange on Thursday launched ‘Quality 30’ index to capture the performance of stocks selected on quality parameters.India Index Services & Products Ltd (IISL), a NSE group firm, has launched a quality parameter-based ‘NSE Quality 30’ index, adding to the existing suite of its strategy based indices.

Rashtriya Swasthya Bima Yojna RSBY has been launched by Ministry of Labour and Employment, Government of India to provide health insurance coverage for Below Poverty Line (BPL) families. The objective of RSBY is to provide protection to BPL households from financial liabilities arising out of health shocks that involve hospitalization. Beneficiaries under RSBY are entitled to hospitalization coverage up to Rs. 30,000/- for most of the diseases that require hospitalization. Government has even fixed the package rates for the hospitals for a large number of interventions. Pre-existing conditions are covered from day one and there is no age limit. Coverage extends to five members of the family which includes the head of household, spouse and up to three dependents. Beneficiaries need to pay only Rs. 30/- as registration fee while Central and State Government pays the premium to the insurer selected by the State Government on the basis of a competitive bidding.

DIGITAL LOCKER SYSTEM HAS THE FOLLOWING OBJECTIVES

Digital Locker objectives

Enable digital empowerment of residents by providing them with Digital Locker on the cloud

Enable e-Signing of documents and make them available electronically and online Minimize the use of physical documents

Ensure authenticity of the e-documents and thereby eliminate usage of fake documents


Secure access to Govt. issued documents through a web portal and mobile application for residents

Reduce administrative overhead of Govt. departments and agencies and make it easy for the residents to receive services

Anytime, anywhere access to the documents by the resident

Open and interoperable standards based architecture to support a well-structured standard document format to support easy sharing of documents across departments and agencies

Ensure privacy and authorized access to residents' data.

Documents

PIK UP series-2revise4ias.com/media/com_jnews/upload/PIKup2.pdfGlobal investement trend monitor report 2014 , releasing agency UNCTAD Bhagabatpur Crocodile project in WB restarted