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Susmita Adhikari – has been with Cube Optics AG since May 2013 serving as product placement manager. In her role she engages with customers and industry colleagues to discover new market opportunities and supports the sales force with technical content and design activities to optimize product placement across all touch points. She also represents CUBO at organizations like Ethernet Alliance. From 2009 to 2012 she worked as a researcher at Nokia Siemens Networks (now Coriant) and specialized in orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) for optical communication gaining expertise in long haul optical communication namely coherent transmission, future looking optical components, digital signal processing and specifically modulation formats and DSP-based nonlinear compensation techniques. She also directly supervised students and collaborated with different universities to evaluate different multi-level modulation formats for next generation 100GbE transmission systems. Adhikari has authored and co-authored more than 30 peer reviewed papers and conference contributions. She has served as a reviewer for multiple internationally recognized journals. In 2007, she has been awarded the prestigious Mondialogo Engineering Award organized by Diamler and UNESCO in recognition of her student project that utilized optical fiber as a medium to provide tele-medical relief for impoverished population in the rural region of Nepal. Topic of Presentation: The Great ‘100G Metro’ Migration Language: English Abstract: The invention of optical amplifiers ushered the proliferation of WDM technology in network architectures boosting high capacity transmission with multiple 10 Gbps and/or 40 Gbps services per fiber. The non-stop boom in bandwidth-intense applications necessitates deployment of even higher capacity WDM systems. Carriers are in a tight spot to find relief and are now eyeing at 100 Gbps technology. For the migration to 100G-metro networks, economic viability is of paramount importance together with greater space, power and bandwidth efficiency. It is essential that the upgrade is immune to the current infrastructure and the deployment is possible with minimal disruption to existing services and is inherently flexible to further accommodate newer equipment as per demand. This presentation provides a primer in current 100G technology developments, with a focus on the two market available 100G transport approaches: multicarrier direct detection and single carrier coherent. Further on, important parameters and prerequisites supporting practicable 100G metro network solutions including fiber impairments and compensation techniques are elucidated. Different application scenarios with hybrid 10G/100G and multiple 100G transmissions are discussed. The 100G technology migration from network core to the edge is only a matter of time and the wait is for the 100G metro solution to meet the increasingly difficult technical and business expectations.
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The invention of optical amplifiers ushered the proliferation of WDM technology in network architectures boosting high capacity transmission with multiple 10 Gbps and/or 40 Gbps services per fiber. The non-stop boom in bandwidth-intense applications necessitates deployment of even higher capacity WDM systems. Carriers are in a tight spot to find relief and are now eyeing at 100 Gbps technology. For the migration to 100G-metro networks, economic viability is of paramount importance together with greater space, power and bandwidth efficiency. It is essential that the upgrade is immune to the current infrastructure and the deployment is possible with minimal disruption to existing services and is inherently flexible to further accommodate newer equipment as per demand. This presentation provides a primer in current 100G technology developments, with a focus on the two market available 100G transport approaches: multicarrier direct detection and single carrier coherent. Further on, important parameters and prerequisites supporting practicable 100G metro network solutions including fiber impairments and compensation techniques are elucidated. Different application scenarios with hybrid 10G/100G and multiple 100G transmissions are discussed. The 100G technology migration from network core to the edge is only a matter of time and the wait is for the 100G metro solution to meet the increasingly difficult technical and business expectations.
The Great ‘100G Metro’ Migration
Susmita Adhikari CUBE OPTICS AG
PLNOG Cube Optics AG
Metro traffic to grow 3x over next 5 years…
This year metro-only traffic is predicted to surpass long-haul traffic.
Metro-only traffic will grow nearly twice as fast as long-haul traffic from 2012 to 2017.
0
20.000
40.000
60.000
80.000
100.000
120.000
140.000
2012 2013 2014 2015 2016 2017
Traffic 2012-2017
Metro-Only Long-Haul
23% CAGR
Sou
rce: Cisco
VN
I, 20
13
PB
per
Mo
nth
2
PLNOG Cube Optics AG
100G one of the fastest growing product segments
Paving way for 400G
CAGR ‘13-’19
34% Growth of 100G components in metro
Sou
rce: Daryl In
niss, O
vum
20
14
10%
-6%
34%
3
PLNOG Cube Optics AG
Today’s 100G migration dilemma
Is there a right solution?
When does it make sense to migrate- today / near(er) term
future?
Andrew Schmitt from Infonetics, October 2013:
“It is only used (today) when service providers must
use it, which means 1 of 2 situations:
insufficient fiber (and WDM) capacity to deploy more
10G traffic
a 100G private line service that needs to be
delivered — a 100G router port that must be sent
across the metro” 4
PLNOG Cube Optics AG
Sou
rce: AD
VA
Op
tical direct detect
or
coherent
Different flavors for different needs
CFP or
CFP2/4
5
PLNOG Cube Optics AG
Optical Transmission Windows
O-band C-band
6
PLNOG Cube Optics AG
100G DWDM Direct Detect
Based on simpler PDs, reach limited by CD & PMD
4 x 25Gb/s ODB per 100G used
50Ghz or 100Ghz ITU-T grid
Fixed
Tunable
IEEE 803.3ba
Power < 24 W
Produced by >5 module makers in 100Ks since 2011
• Price ~ 25% - 30% cost of Coherent
7
PLNOG Cube Optics AG
100G Coherent
Developed for ultra-longhaul -> adapted for metro
Complex phase & amp modulation, less sensitive to CD & PMD, so wider reach
1 lambda per 100G used
Tunable
Power 85W
NOT available as pluggable, “street” availability not before mid 2015
• Price is ~ 3 to 4 times cost of Direct Detect cost remains a BIG challenge
8
Coherent
Longhaul
Metro
PLNOG Cube Optics AG
100G Direct Detect or Coherent?
9
Source: Ellis JLT28
Technical Consideration
Spectral Efficiency
Dispersion
FEC
PLNOG Cube Optics AG
100G Direct Detect or Coherent?
10
Source: Ellis JLT28
Info
rmat
ion
Sp
ectr
al D
ensi
ty
(b
/s/H
z/Po
l)
Power Spectral Density (W/THz)
Technical Consideration
Spectral Efficiency
Dispersion
FEC
PLNOG Cube Optics AG
100G Direct Detect or Coherent?
1 1 1 10 0 0 0 00
1
1Distance
(acceptable)
L2Distance
(unacceptable)
L
Threshold
1 1 1 10 0 0 0 0
t
Power
ISI
What is Dispersion?
11
EDFA => increases loss-
limited distance
Chromatic dispersion
becomes the limiting factor
Technical Consideration
Spectral Efficiency
Dispersion
FEC
PLNOG Cube Optics AG
100G Direct Detect or Coherent?
12
FEC
Send redundant data
Receiver uses it to
detect/correct errors
Technical Consideration
Spectral Efficiency
Dispersion
FEC
PLNOG Cube Optics AG
100G Direct Detect or Coherent?
Practical Consideration
Cost per bit
Port Density
Energy Consumption
Flexibility
13
PLNOG Cube Optics AG
100G Direct Detect or Coherent?
14
100G price / bps is still (and will be for some time) higher than at 1G/10G
E.g. 100GBase-LR4 roughly 100x 10GBase-LR pricing (“only” ca. 40x at
DWDM)
Higher complexity of 100G transport adds further cost (e.g. DCUs etc)
Sou
rce: Daryl In
niss, O
vum
20
14
Practical Consideration
Cost per bit
Port Density
Energy Consumption
Flexibility
PLNOG Cube Optics AG
100G Direct Detect or Coherent?
15
CFP or CFP2 or CFP4/QSFP28
Practical Consideration
Cost per bit
Port Density
Energy Consumption
Flexibility
PLNOG Cube Optics AG
100G Direct Detect or Coherent?
16
100G DD has 70% lower power dissipation compared to 100G Coherent modules
Practical Consideration
Cost per bit
Port Density
Energy Consumption
Flexibility
PLNOG Cube Optics AG
100G Direct Detect or Coherent?
17
100Gig DWDM direct detect testing
20km, 40km and 60+km - without central location for multiple 100G DWDM
services in 100GHz grid
Proven to work with existing DWDM 10G
Long term stability over temp 20-50°C (cycled) running stable over 350hrs (2Wk)
? * - We don’t know current status of testing
Vendor 100G DWDM Direct Detect 100G Coherent
Extreme Q4 2014 ? *
Brocade √ ? *
Juniper √ ? *
Alcatel √ ? *
Practical Consideration
Cost per bit
Port Density
Energy Consumption
Flexibility
PLNOG Cube Optics AG
100G Metro Network Architectures 100G in C Band
10G DWDM + 100G DWDM overlay
100G DWDM
Maximum capacity
1.6 Tbps (=12*4*25G+40*10G)
2.4 Tbps (= 24*4*25G)
Number of wavelengths
88 96
Number of transceivers
52 (12*100G, 40x 10G)
24 (24*100G)
Maximum distance
< 100 kms (EDFA) < 100 kms (EDFA)
Typical transceiver
CFP DWDM (direct detect)
CFP DWDM (direct detect)
18
PLNOG Cube Optics AG
Overlaying 10G DWDM with 100G (C-Band)
Complementing existing 10Gbps DWDM system with 100Gbps upgrades
10G SFP
4 in 100GHz 100G CFP
….
Amplification
Compensation
100GHz DWDM
Mux
10G SFP
100GHz DWDM
Mux
50/100 GHz INT
….
….
100GHz
4x25G CFP output
100GHz
10G SFP
Odd channels
Even channels
19
PLNOG Cube Optics AG
100G OADM example scenario
100G CFP
100GHz DWDM
Mux
EDFA
DCU
8x25G
100GHz DWDM
Mux
EDFA
DCU
4x25G
Site A
Site C
OADM-4
4x25G
EDFA
100G CFP
EDFA
Site B 2x 100G CFP
1x 100G CFP
1x 100G CFP
20
PLNOG Cube Optics AG
100Gbps is still not making sense for all Metro connections but
has become a valid solution for fiber constraint areas and native
100G port transport
100Gbps Direct Detect has become
a simple and low(er) cost solution.
Coherent Pluggables may become a good alternative
to Direct Detect, but price and complexity remains major issue
Conclusion
21
PLNOG Cube Optics AG
100Gig LR4 CFP Supported by many vendors
100G Ethernet IEEE 802.3ba (103.1Gb/s)
4 x 25G LAN-WDM
Power <24W
Maximum distance <10km
• Can be extended with pre-amplification(SOA)
23
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