PLUMBING SYSTEMS 2-Design of Domestic Water Supply and Distribution System

7/27/2019 PLUMBING SYSTEMS 2-Design of Domestic Water Supply and Distribution System

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PLUMBING SYSTEMS-2 (Design of DomesticWater Supply and Distribution System)


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Only potable water shall be supplied to fixtures and equipment at which water is provided forpurposes, such as drinking, cooking, food preparation, washing of dishes and kitchen utensils.

Design of Domestic Water Supply and Distribution System

General Requirements Of Water Supply System:

The system shall be designed from the based on the per capita supply, the below tables explainsabout the water consumption per person per day at different applications.

The tables are taken from National Building Code-2005


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In dwellings the resident's water consumption is divided between the many appliances. A typicalpercentage break down provided by the Environment Agency is:1. WC suite 32%2. washing machine 12%

3. Kitchen sinks 15%4. Bath 15%5. Basin 9%6. Shower 5%7. Outside supply 3%8. Miscellaneous 9%


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Water Supply for Fire Fighting Purposes The Authority shall make provision to meet the water supply requirements for fire fighting in thecity /area, depending on the population density and types of occupancy.

Source of Water Corporation or Municipal water Tube or Bore well water Tanker water Recycled or Gray water

Water Demand And Estimate Load


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Design of water supply pipes are based upona) The number and kind of fixtures installedb) The fixture unit flow rate andc) The probable simultaneous use of these fixtures.


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TOILET


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9.0BRANCH.8-

SIZING 10.0BRANCH.9-

SIZING

Item No of FixtuesFixture Load

per Unit Total Load ItemNo of

FixtuesFixture Load

per Unit Total LoadEWC's 3 1 3 EWC's 0 1 0Health

Faucet 3 1 3

Health

Faucet 0 1 0Urinal 0 2 0 Urinal 0 2 0

Wash Basin 3 2 6 Wash Basin 3 2 6

Toatl FixtureLoad 12

Toatl FixtureLoad 6

The pipesuitable forthe above

fixture load 25 mm dia



7.0BRANCH.6-

SIZING 8.0BRANCH.7-

SIZING


per Unit Total Load Item No of FixtuesFixture Load

per Unit Total LoadEWC's 5 1 5 EWC's 2 1 2HealthFaucet 5 1 5

HealthFaucet 2 1 2

Urinal 0 2 0 Urinal 0 2 0Wash Basin 0 2 0 Wash Basin 0 2 0


Toatl FixtureLoad 4






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5.0BRANCH.4-

SIZING 6.0BRANCH.5-

SIZING


per Unit Total Load Item No of FixtuesFixture Load

per Unit Total LoadEWC's 0 1 0 EWC's 8 1 8

Health Faucet 0 1 0 Health Faucet 8 1 8Urinal 0 2 0 Urinal 0 2 0


Toatl FixtureLoad 6






3.0BRANCH.2-

SIZING 4.0BRANCH.3-

SIZING



FixtuesFixture Load

per Unit Total LoadEWC's 2 1 2 EWC's 0 1 0HealthFaucet 2 1 2

HealthFaucet 0 1 0

Urinal 0 2 0 Urinal 5 2 10Wash Basin 0 2 0 Wash Basin 4 2 8

Toatl FixtureLoad 4

ToatlFixture

Load 18The pipe

suitable forthe above





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1.0HEADER SIZING 2.0

BRANCH.1-SIZING



FixtuesFixture Load

per Unit Total Load

EWC's 13 1 13 EWC's 5 1 5

HealthFaucet 13 1 13 HealthFaucet 5 1 5

Urinal 5 2 10 Urinal 0 2 0



ToatlFixture

Load 10





NOTE : Please refer the above sheet for selection of diameter based on the fixture Load


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Type of distribution System:

1. Direct Supply2. Direct Pumping.

3. Gravity System4. Hydro Pneumatic System

Direct Supply: Water supply to the required point is through the municipal direct supply, This systemis applicable when there is continuous supply from the source. This system is adopted whenadequate pressure is available round the clock at the topmost floor. With limited pressure availablein most city mains, water from direct supply is normally not available above two or three floors.


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Direct Pumping : Water is pumped directly into the distribution system without the aid of any overhead tank,except for flushing purposes. The pumps are controlled by a pressure switch installed on the line. Normally a

jockey pump of smaller capacity installed which meets the demand of water during low consumption and themain pump starts when the demand is greater. The start and stop operations are accomplished by a set if pressure switches are installed directly on the line. In some installation, a timer switch is installed to restrict

the operating cycle of the pump.


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PLUMBING

Gravity System: This is the most common of the distribution systems adopted by various type of buildings.


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Hydro pneumatic System : Hydro-pneumatic system generally eliminates the need for an over head tank and maysupply water at a much higher pressure than available from overhead tanks particularly on the upper floors, resulting ineven distribution of water at all floors


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STPUG SUMP

HYDROPNEUMATIC SYSTEM

25 rd Floor

32 nd Floor

Mansion Floor (SeparatePressure Pump)

Water Supply - Ring Mainat 4 th Floor Ceiling

GF Floor 1 st Floor BASEMENT

FLOOR

MLCP Floors

15 th Floor

Service Floor

LOW Level Riser

MIDDLE Level Riser

HIGH Level Riser

Flushing Water Over Head Tank

Domestic Water Over Head Tank

Domestic Water Down Take

Flushing Water Down Take

Domestic Water Rising Main

Flushing Water Rising Main

Domestic Water UG Sump

Sewage Treatment Plant

Pressure Reducing Valves (PRVTypical A to detail)

Flush water supplyHydro-pneumaticPumps

Domestic water supply Hydro-

pneumatic Pumps


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MAJOR DIFFERENCES BETWEEN HYDRO PNEUMATIC & GRAVITY SYSTEMS

SNO HYDRO PNEUMATIC SYSTEM GRAVITY SYSTEM

1 This system will ensure the water supply withconstant pressure Across the taps and waterpoints.

Where as the atmospheric pressure in the OH tanks,will ensure the water flow with pressure in bottomfloors, thus not meeting the requirements of topfloors, due to the gravity.

2 Reduced load on the bldg columns due toelimination of OHT

Extra load will be added on the bldg columns due toOHT

3 One or more parallel pumps are connectedwith VFD for constant water supply for wholebldg

Separate pumping arrangement is for filling up theOH tanks.

4 Constantly changing water consumptionpattern make heavy demands on theadoptability of any system, which is not energyefficient in OHT system.

In Gravity system, for lower demands, the mainpump has to switch on for filling up of OHT with fullload, Which is not energyEfficient.

5 Hydro pneumatic system will minimize theoperating and maintenance cost of the pumproom

Labour required for filling up, cleaning, andmaintaining the OHT

6 The system consists of stainless steel body,

which ensure the water quality and preventsrusting of equipment, thus maintaining thehygienic water supply.

It is very difficult to maintain cleanliness and

hygienity of the water as the OHT has to be cleanedvery often, which again dependent on the labour.

7 High end fixtures can be used effectively Low end fixtures to be selected due to minimumpressure available in the view of staging height of OHT


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INTERMEDIATE LEVEL STORAGE CISTERN


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INTERMEDIATE LEVEL STORAGE CISTERN


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ZONED SUPPLY SYSTEM

CONVENTIONAL HOT WATER UPFEED

SYSTEM


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CONVENTIONAL HOT WATER DOWNFEED SYSTEM HOT WATER INVERTEDUPFEED SYSTEM


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HOT WATER INVERTED COMBINATION DOWN FEED & UPFEED

SYSTEM

WATER DEMAND CALCULATIONS


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WATER DEMAND CALCULATIONS

Water Storage Capacity:

When the distribution system is thru gravity, then the following are the tankCapacitiesUG sump Capacity : 1.5 day capacityOHT capacity : 0.5 day CapacityWhen The distribution system is thru HPS, then the following are the tank CapacitiesUG sump Capacity : 2 day capacity and there will not be any OHT tanks.

DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT:


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SI.NO. Floors Details

1 Lower Stilt Floor Car Parking, Electrical Room, Drivers Rest room & Business Rooms etc.,

2 Upper Stilt Floor Car Parking & Electrical Room etc.,

3 First Floor Offices, Server Room, Electrical Room & AHU Room

4 Second Floor Offices, Server Room, Electrical Room & AHU Room

5 Third Floor Offices, Server Room, Electrical Room & AHU Room

6 Fourth Floor Offices, Server Room, Electrical Room & AHU Room

7 Fifth Floor Offices, Server Room, Electrical Room & AHU Room

8 Sixth Floor Offices, Server Room, Electrical Room & AHU Room

9 Terrace Floor Space for LMR & OHT

DESCRIPTION OF PROJECT:

The proposed Office Building comprising of two level of parking & six levels of office work stations. The following will beexplained briefly

WATER CALCULATION SHEET

Sl.No Description OccupancyArea/Sqm Total Population

Water Requirementper day/Person inLitres

Total Waterrequirement/day in lts

DomWater/day inlts

Flush Water/day inlts

OFFICE BLOCK

10 sqm/person 30 lpd 15 lpd 1.0 Sixth Floor 2396 240 45 10782 7188 3594

2.0 Fifth Floor 2396 240 45 10782 7188 3594

3.0 Fourth Floor 2396 240 45 10782 7188 3594

4.0 Third Floor 2396 240 45 10782 7188 3594

5.0 Second Floor 2396 240 45 10782 7188 3594

6.0 First Floor 2396 240 45 10782 7188 3594

Total 14376 1438 64692 43128 21564


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WATER CALCULATION SHEET

Sl.No Description OccupancyArea/Sqm Total Population

WaterRequirement perday/Person inLitres

Total Waterrequirement/day in lts

DomWater/day inlts

Flush Water/dayin lts

OFFICE BLOCK

10 sqm/person 30 lpd 15 lpd 1.0 Sixth Floor 2396 240 45 10782 7188 3594

2.0 Fifth Floor 2396 240 45 10782 7188 3594

3.0 Fourth Floor 2396 240 45 10782 7188 3594

4.0 Third Floor 2396 240 45 10782 7188 3594

5.0 Second Floor 2396 240 45 10782 7188 3594

6.0 First Floor 2396 240 45 10782 7188 3594

Total 14376 1438 64692 43128 21564

Total Water CapacityPer day in litres Litres 64692 43128 21564

Total Sewage Generated (STP CAPACITY) Litres 56066 (80% domestic Water+100%flush Water)

Toatl Effluent RecycleAvailable Litres 50460

Total Domestic Waterper day in litres Litres 43128

Total Flush Water perday in litres Litres 21564


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Storage Tank Sizes (Gravity System Distribution)

a. Capacity of Raw water sump 32 cum

b. Capacity of Domestic water sump 32 cum

c. Capacity of Treated OHT 22 cum

d. Capacity Of Fire Water Tank 200 cum

e. Capacity of Fire OHT Tank 20 cum

f. Capacity of Flush water Tank (OHT) 11 cum

g. Capacity of Soft water Tank 7 cum


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Water Tank And Pump Room Design :

Types of Design :1. Positive Suction.: Generally Positive suction means the suction of the pump shall be continuously

flooded with water from the water tank or from the source.2. Negative Suction : Generally in Negative suction the pump shall be place above the water tank, so

the priming arrangement shall be done for effective working.

Types of Construction:1. Above Ground.

a. Positive suction And Negative Suctionb. Negative Suction.

2. Below Ground.a. Positive Suctionb. Negative Suction.

3. Partially Below Ground.a. Positive Suctionb. Negative Suction.

BELOW GROUND POSITIVE SUCTION:


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BELOW GROUND POSITIVE SUCTION:

POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE SUCTION :


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POSITIVE AND NEGATIVE SUCTION :

BELOROUND POSITIVE SUCTION:


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BELOROUND POSITIVE SUCTION:


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External Water Supply:

Building No :1

(Fixture Demand= 50)

Building No :3(Fixture Demand= 65)

Building No :2 (FixtureDemand= 100)

Building No :4(Fixture Demand= 80)

FU=50 With 40mm dia

FU=65 With 40mm dia

FU=(65+50) With50 mm dia

FU=(100) With50 mm dia

FU=(80) With 50mm dia

FU=(295) With 50mm dia

CENTRALISED OHT

DIFFERENT TYPES OF WATER SUPPLY PIPES


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Documents

PLUMBING SYSTEMS 2-Design of Domestic Water Supply and Distribution System