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P O L I C Y, A D V O C A C Y, A N D R E G U L A T I O N , O N E H E A LT H C O U R S E
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P O L I C Y , A D V O C A C Y , A N D R E G U L A T I O N O N E H E A LT H C O U R S E
Introduction
MODULE COMPETENCIES
• Competency #1• Identify and understand the role of and policies enacted
by international agencies that address One Health issues.
• Competency #2• Identify and under the role of and policies enacted by
national ministries/agencies that affect One Health issues
• Competency #3• Advocate for a policy that address One Health issues.
• Competency #4• Analyze the effect of regional and local policies,
economics, and culture on One Health issues.
MODULE OVERVIEW
Time/Length Topic/Activity
30 Minutes Introduction
120 Minutes
Policies, Regulations, Guidelines, Procedures, Position Papers: Definitions and International Organizations that Create Them
60 Minutes Anatomy of an International/Inter-Governmental Policy
60 MinutesAnalyzing WHO, OIC and FAO Policies, Regulations, Guidelines and Policy Papers
150 Minutes
Discovering National Policies
90 Minutes Becoming an Advocate for One Health Policies
90 Minutes Policy Advocacy in Action
60 MinutesAdvanced Policy, Advocacy and Regulation (recommended for graduate students)
30 Minutes Learning Reflections and Evaluation
P O L I C Y , A D V O C A C Y , A N D R E G U L A T I O N O N E H E A LT H C O U R S E
Policies, Regulations, Guidelines, Procedures, Position Papers:
Definitions and the International Organizations that Create Then
Policies
Policies
Regulations
Policies
Regulations
Guidelines
Policies
Standards
Regulations
Guidelines
Policies
Standards
Regulations
Guidelines
ProcessesProcedures
Policies
Standards
Regulations
Guidelines
ProcessesProcedures
AND POSITION PAPERS
are an essay or paper that presents an opinion about an issue, typically that of a recognized expert or organization.
INTERNATIONAL/INTER-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS
that create policies, regulations, guidelines, standards, procedures, position papers…
• WHO - World Health Organization• OIE – World Organization for Animal health• FAO – Food and Agriculture Organization
FAO-OIE-WHO form a tripartite to address human-animal-ecosystems
interfaces
WHAT DO YOU THINK?
• Do WHO, OIE and FAO have One Health policies? Do they use a One Healht approach? Why do you think they do or do not use a One Health approach?
• How would a One Health approach benefit these organizations?
P O L I C Y , A D V O C A C Y , A N D R E G U L A T I O N O N E H E A LT H C O U R S E
Anatomy of an International/Inter-
Governmental Regulation
Section
Table of ContentsForwardRevisionsPart I: Definitions, purpose and scope, principles and responsibilitiesPart II. Information and public health response Part III. RecommendationsPart IV. Points of entryPart V. Public health measuresPart VI. Health documentsPart VII. ChargesPart VIII. General provisionsPart IX. IHR Experts and committee membersPart X. Final provisionsAnnexesAppendices
How would the IHR be adapted/expanded to include the human-animal-ecological interface to prevent and control the spread of emerging pandemic threats?
NOW YOU TRY IT…
• Find and analyze another policy, regulation or guideline from either WHO, IOC, FAO or another international/inter-governmental organization
• Prepare a five-minute presentation on the policy, regulation or guideline:
• If the organization is not WHO, IOC or FAO, give a short overview of the organization
• Why you selected the organization and the policy?
• Purpose of the policy, regulation or guideline.
• Highlights of the policy, regulation or guideline.
• How does the If the policy, regulation or guideline represents a One Health perspective? Please highlight the relevant features.
• How could the policy, regulation or guideline be amended or revised to better use One Health perspective? Explain how it could be revised and expanded to address the human-animal-ecological interface.
P O L I C Y , A D V O C A C Y , A N D R E G U L A T I O N O N E H E A LT H C O U R S E
Analyzing WHO, OIE and FAO Policies, Regulations, Guidelines
and Policy Papers
IN YOUR GROUP…
5 Minutes for each to give an overview of their findings.
20 Minutes for the group to discuss
How do the policies, regulations or procedures in group complement each other?
Are there inconsistences across the policies, regulations or procedures?
How does/would a One Health perspective strengthen the policy, procedures or regulations?
WHAT DID YOU FIND?
• Did any of the policies, regulations or guidelines take a One Health perspective? If so, what were the advantages of this perspective? If not, how would you modify the policy, regulation or guideline to achieve a One Health perspective?
• Did you find that the policies, regulations, guidelines had areas of overlap? Did they complement each other? Or were there differences across the policies, regulations or guidelines?
• How would you address the differences?
• As a One Health Practitioner, how would you address the differences among policies, regulations or guidelines established by international entities? In what scenario might this play out?
• Do any of the existing policies promote prevention and response efforts to emerging pandemic threats? Could a One Health perspective improve the policies?
P O L I C Y , A D V O C A C Y , A N D R E G U L A T I O N O N E H E A LT H C O U R S E
Discovering National Policies
IDENTIFY THE GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS THAT HAVE POLICIES ON
• Agriculture• Animal Health (livestock, vermin, pets, wildlife)• Protection the environment• Public health• Wildlife
IDENTIFY THE GOVERNMENT ORGANIZATIONS THAT HAVE POLICIES ON
• Agriculture
• Animal Health
• Protection of the environment
• Public health
• Wildlife
Then identify
• Each group will take one category and identify two or three national policies in that category
• Stakeholders affected by the each policy
• If the policy, regulation, or guideline takes a One Health perspective integrating human-animal-ecological health.
SHARE WITH THE GROUP
• One or two national level policies
• Stakeholders affected by the policy
• If the policy, regulation, or guideline takes a One Health perspective integrating human-animal-ecological health.
Policies for: Agriculture Animal Health Protection of the
environment Public health Wildlife
P O L I C Y , A D V O C A C Y , A N D R E G U L A T I O N O N E H E A LT H C O U R S E
Becoming an Advocate for One Health Policies
WHY IS POLICY ADVOCACY IMPORTANT?
A SARA study sponsored by USAID found that policy change comes from:
Advocacy
Finding Solutions
Identifying
Problems
Policy Change
WHAT IS POLICY ADVOCACY?
“Policy advocacy is any effort to influence public policy by providing information, speaking to decision makers, demonstrating benefits for policy change and other such activities that encourage the adoption. of the desired policy change.”
from Genesee County Health Department
Advocacy involves Particularly when it is geared to..Awareness raising, communications, and media work
Deliver persuasive, evidence-based and solution-oriented messages to public. Decision-makers, stakeholders and those who influence them
Communication for behaviour change
Create an enabling environment for effective implantation of policy changes
Developing partnership/coaliations/alliances
Generate organizational support and momentum behind issues, connect messengers with decision-makers, and to achieve common advocacy
Lobbying and negotiating
One-on-one discussions with decision-makers to influence them to change policy, practice, or behavior
Campaigning Create and mobilize the public around the advocacy issue
Research/publication Illustrate the underlying causes and solutes to a problem, and draw recommendations that can be address by decision-makers and stakeholders
Social mobilitation Engage multiples levels of society, including those who are marginalized, as allies and partners in overcoming barriers to implementation of programs
Conferences/events Bring together a variety of stakeholders and decision-makers to highlight the causes and identify the solutions to the issues, with follow-up that includes concrete and immediate action
HOW DO YOU ADVOCATE FOR A POLICY
HOW DO YOU ADVOCATE FOR A POLICY
Identify issues
HOW DO YOU ADVOCATE FOR A POLICY
Identify issues
Assess the environment
HOW DO YOU ADVOCATE FOR A POLICY
Identify issues
Assess the environment
Identify key stakeholders and partners
HOW DO YOU ADVOCATE FOR A POLICY
Identify issues
Assess the environment
Identify key stakeholders and partners
Develop a communication strategy
HOW DO YOU ADVOCATE FOR A POLICY
Identify issues
Assess the environment
Identify key stakeholders and partners
Develop a communication strategy
Craft key messages
HOW DO YOU ADVOCATE FOR A POLICY
Identify issues
Assess the environment
Identify key stakeholders and partners
Develop a communication strategy
Craft key messages
ADVOCATE
BEYOND FORMAL POLICY CHANGE
• Who can effectively implement the policy change without official action?
• How can you reach these people and help them make the change?
• Would they join your advocacy effort to change the official policy?
Picture from xyzuniversity.com
ADVOCACY ASSIGNMENT
• Write a letter or a press release or create a poster to advocate for a One Health related issue that you feel needs policy support.
Use “How to Make Your Point with Government” or the “How Do Journalists Work” in the reference section in the student’s guidebook to learn more about how to write a letter to a government decision-maker or how to write a press release.
P O L I C Y , A D V O C A C Y , A N D R E G U L A T I O N O N E H E A LT H C O U R S E
Policy Advocacy in Action
INSTRUCTIONS
• Each group is to assume their role and advocate for their constituency
• Assignment is for the entire group to reach consensus on a national Bat Control/Management policy.
• Share the schedule:
• 30 minutes for groups to prepare
• 30 minutes role play in which they must come to consensus on a policy
Assignments:
1. Environmental NGOs -Bat Conservation International, World Wildlife Fund
2. Ministry of Health
3. Ministry of Commerce and Tourism
4. Ministry of Agriculture/ Fruit Crop Growers
5. Ministry of Natural Resources
6. Indigenous Population/Guano harvesters
Conflict in Atangua
Atangua is an island nation that is located 20 miles offshore of Malindo. It is known for its natural beauty because it is covered with rainforests and encircled by mangroves. It has several indigenous groups that subsist on forest and sea products. There are two urban centers that are growing. Industries on the island include tourism, fisheries, flower production, mango production, and guano mining.
As a result of recent fires in the tropical rainforest, some bats have begun eat mangos in the mango orchards. Irate farmers have begun shooting at the bats to discourage them from eating the mangos. Bats are protected species and only indigenous populations are allowed to hunt for rituals. Bats play an important role in pollinating and seed dispersal for rainforest trees.
Among the indigenous population, fruit bats are considered sacred. They consume the fruit bats as part of religious ceremonies. They also harvest guano as a source of income.
Recently a developer is proposing to build a high-end luxury resort within the rainforest.
An outbreak of Nipah virus has occurred on the mainland. It has occurred among people who harvest and consume date palms sap. Date palm beverages are consumed widely among the population of Atangua.
The tourism bureau is afraid that the fear of Nipah virus will discourage tourist from coming to the island. The resort developer is threatening to not build the resort unless bats are removed from a 10 square mile radius from the resort area.
The Governor has assembled a group of committee to come up with a national policy to address the bat management issue.
REMEMBER, YOUR ASSIGNMENT IS ...
• To represent your group • AND for the group to reach consensus on a
national Bat Control/Management policy
WHAT DO YOU THINK
• What happened? • How do you feel?• What was the result…were you able to
successfully reach consensus on a policy?• If so, what made the group effective• If not, why not? What made the group ineffective?
NOW WHAT DO YOU THINK
Individual Reflection:
• What did you learn about yourself?
• What would you do differently next time?
P O L I C Y , A D V O C A C Y , A N D R E G U L A T I O N O N E H E A LT H C O U R S E
Module Review
ONE THING..
• That you liked/felt was a strength of the module.
• That you would suggest we change.
Thank you.
