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Pollution in People (or not)
Megan Latshaw, PhD MHS
Director, Environmental Health Programs
Analysis, Answers, Action
Environmental Health (EH)
*CDC 2007 data, http://www.cdc.gov/nchs/fastats/deaths.htm
34,828
46,448
52,717
71,382
74,632
123,706
127,924
135,952
562,875
616,067
Septicemia
Nephritis, nephrotic syndrome, and nephrosis
Influenza and Pneumonia
Diabetes
Alzheimer's disease
Accidents (unintentional injuries)
Chronic lower respiratory diseases
Stroke (cerebrovascular diseases)
Cancer
Heart disease
Leading causes of death 2007*:
Analysis, Answers, Action
Overview
• Environmental Health
• Environmental Laboratories
• Filling the Gaps
Environmental Laboratories Detect, identify, & monitor contaminants
in people and the environment.
Detect, identify & monitor. . .
. . . contaminants
. . .
. . . and the environment.
Analysis, Answers, Action
Mathematical
modeling
Air levels Water levels
Soil/dust levels
Food levels
Lifestyle factors
Personal habits
Nutritional status
Genetic factors
Lung, intestine and skin
absorption coefficients MANY OTHER FACTORS
Predicted
levels of toxicants
in people
The Old Way of Estimating Exposure
* Slide adapted from Eric Sampson, CDC 10
An Improved Way
Instead of estimating,
measure levels of chemicals in people.
Levels
of pollution
in people
Air levels
Water levels
Soil/dust levels
Food levels
Lifestyle factors
Personal habits
Nutritional status
Genetic factors
* Slide adapted from Tom Burke, Johns Hopkins
0
50,000,000
100,000,000
150,000,000
200,000,000
250,000,000
Soil Monitoring Human Monitoring
Federal Spending 2008
0
0
500 Miles
500 KM AK & HI not to scale
Level 1, Level 2, and Level 3 States
http://blog.socialight.com/wp-content/uploads/2007/12/tricorder_spock.jpg
Analysis, Answers, Action
Sample Results from IA
Team 1 Team 2* Team 3*
Cerium Nitrate ~5% Yeast ~5 Methyl Methacrylate ~90%
methyl methacrylate by IR; nothing by raman
tellurium by IR nitrilotriacetic acid, methyl methacrylate by IR; rganic compoundby HazCat
Cesium Nitrate ~3% Yeast ~10% wt/wt Sulfanilamide ~85%
sulfanilamide by both IR and raman
tellurium, tin oxide by IR
sulfanilamide by IR
Ethyl Methyl Phosphonate ~15% Yeast ~15% Penicillin ~70%
no matches no matches no matches
* Used no respiratory protection (mask, hood, etc.)
Analysis, Answers, Action
Overview
• Environmental Health
• Environmental Laboratories
• Filling the Gaps
NATIONAL ENVIRONMENTAL PUBLIC HEALTH TRACKING PROGRAM
Analysis, Answers, Action
Take-Away Messages
• Biomonitoring answers constituent questions about whether or not they have been exposed to potentially harmful chemicals.
• Often the answer is that they have not.
• Governmental labs can & should provide these answers.
• By doing so we can calm fears & better target limited resources.
Analysis, Answers, Action
Connect
• http://blog.aphl.org/
• http://www.facebook.com/PublicHealthLabs
• http://twitter.com/aphlnews
• http://www.linkedin.com/company/54323
• http://www.youtube.com/user/aphlvideo
LabLog
