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Page 1: PORTFOLIO OF - City University of Hong Kongpersonal.cityu.edu.hk/~enbertha/Additional Informaion File for SBR.doc  · Web viewKumon [insert Chinese characters] (a tutorial centre)

Information Data File

The Information Data File contains three parts; namely, (A) market background; (B) six interviews with hotel managers, a guesthouse operator, a tourist, a potential customer, and a staff of a Mainland travel agency; and (C) tables and figures. The interviews are transcribed verbatim without editing and contain grammatical errors. To assure confidentiality, the names of hotels and guesthouses are changed.

A. Market Background1. The number of hotel rooms in Hong Kong has been increasing since 2003, and is predicted to grow by

26.332% in the upcoming year.

Number of Hotels and Rooms in Hong Kong from 1999 to 2008 (*Projected)

Year end ofNumber of

HotelsNumber of

Rooms Growth Rate1999 88 32,8712000 95 36,749 11.798%2001 98 37,132 1.042%2002 98 38,949 4.893%2003 96 38,133 -2.095%2004 101 39,128 2.609%2005* 125 49,431 26.332%2006* 131 53,180 7.584%2007* 138 55,762 4.855%2008* 140 56,216 0.814%

2. The total number of visitors to Hong Kong has increased to 19.9 million by 4.3 million per annum from 2002 to 2004.

3. With the launch of Individual Visit Scheme, Mainland tourists accounted for 67.5% of the total number of tourists, and it has increased by 26.2% from 2002 to 2004 (Hong Kong Tourism Board, 2004).

4. The Disneyland Hong Kong scheduled to open for September is predicted to bring in an extra 5.6 million tourists in the first year and 1.5 million more during the following five years (Ta Kung Pao, 2004).

5. Most Mainland travellers prefer three-star hotels according to the Hong Kong Hotels Association (2004).

B. Interview DetailsThis section consists of six interviews including:

1. A Marketing Manager of a local 4-star hotel;2. A General Manager of a local 4-star hotel;3. A Guesthouse operator;4. A person who has been to Hong Kong;5. A potential traveler; and 6. A staff of a Mainland travel agency.

Interview 1 - A Marketing Manager of a local 4-star hotel1. What is your target audience?

Hotel is split into 2 major divisions: Rooms, and F&B (food and beverage). Lots of Mainland customers for

rooms. 60-70% of customers are from Mainland.

2. Any special ads for Mainland?

Not really. Focused mostly on online bookings, travel agencies, and linking up with Mainland travel

agencies. Most of the promotion is done by the mainland travel agencies while the hotel only responsible for

providing information for the promotion.

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3. What strengths do you promote in advertising?

We are a well-known hotel chain. Our hotel in existence for over 20 years, everything is running smoothly,

which is better than newer, incomplete hotels. Location-wise, only hotel in its class in area. Accustomed to

large volumes of customers (when the old airport [Kai-Tech International Airport] is there still).

4. Why use B2B [business to Business]?

Because of travel agency linkups. Consumers use internet directly, but probably only 20-30% or so of

business are generated by consumers. The benefit from the B[usiness] to C[ustomers] is not very effective

when compare with the B to B promotion. The hotel can’t just sell their service one by one to the customers.

Also, due to the long distant promotion, most of the promotions need to depend on mainland travel agencies

or international airline companies.

5. How are travel agencies selected?

Need to be reliable, trustworthy, strong. The link up is hotel Hong Kong Agencies Mainland agencies.

The promotion is just like what the local travel agencies did, they will have some “保証住宿 4 星酒店” and

put a certain group of customers into the hotel.

6. How is advertising done?

Mainland – passive advertising through travel agencies. Local – marketing mostly F&B (90%). Locals

market F&B around nearby more affluent areas (Kowloon Tong, Ho Man Tin). Lots of cooperation with

companies, such as credit card companies. Kumon [insert Chinese characters] (a tutorial centre) as well.

Known for quality & service of food. Birthday party as well. They also distribute flyers, coupons, leaflets.

Sometimes they cooperate with some big companies an have promotion in the company’s intranet. For

example, Hang Seng bank staff can have special discount when they eat in the hotel. In the Chinese

restaurant, they have new promotion every month. They have one focus every month like shark fins, booster.

7. After airport gone, any effect on business?

Not quite so easily quantified. Many factors over the years have affected business. 1998 – airport closure;

2003 – SARS; 2004 – IVS [Individual Visitor Scheme] & CEPA [Closer Economic Partnership Agreement].

But the hotel just changes their direction and promotion striates according to the market change.

8. How is F&B in this hotel compared to other comparable hotels?

Many more restaurants (outlets) than competitors. 2 bars, French restaurant, Chinese, dinner buffet, cake

shop. Huge advantage over other hotels. Experienced and mature restaurants.

9. What is Disneyland’s impact?

Disneyland opens a lot of opportunities. Impact is mostly positive, as it brings a lot more tourists into Hong

Kong. Gives opportunities to hotels to link with Disneyland. However, not really facing Ocean Park &

Disneyland directly, as location is too different.

10. How is Ocean Park’s Theme hotel and Disneyland’s 2 hotels going to affect business?

Regal Oriental already has many theme rooms. Advertising needs to be updated. But Disney and Ocean Park

are not direct competitors.

11. Advertising regarding family rooms

Indirect. Mostly spread through word-of-mouth through sales department contacting travel agencies.

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12. More advertising & promotions?

Have to be careful. Yearly business has to be targeted, and then the advertising budget needs to be set.

Definite direct positive correlation between more advertising and business… however, need to take budget

into account

13. What is GDS?

Global Distribution system. Website linkage. Need member hotels and member agencies, and can book

rooms through agency members only. Members of the GDS can book room with a special discount which is

much cheaper than the walk-in price. And the hotel has special promotion for local customer—the theme

room package for one to two nights. For overseas travellers, they get sales discount promotion.

14. Is the theme room project successful and attractive to the travellers?

They are attractive to the local customers instead of the travellers. Because most of the travellers just want to

have a simple room to rest and they focus on the outdoor activities. While some of the local customers want

to have a break in a luxury room or some of them organize party/ wedding in the theme rooms.

15. Will the confusing information in the web site affect the hotel to have a clear image?

Not really, as the information is more or less the same as a whole. But it is hard to control the promotion

done by other agencies or website. As they may not update the information even the hotel has already give

them the new version. But overall the promotion is good and effective to the business.

Interview 2 - A General Manager of a local 4-star hotel1.你們是什麼星級酒店?

4星級飯店 2.你們主要的客源是?

大約65% 的大陸居民,25% 的日本人和朝鮮人,其他人( 例如 美國人和 歐洲人)

3. 來港的目的︰ 為休閑 的 80%,生意20%

4.遊客怎樣預定飯店︰ A)本地旅行社( 類型︰一些目標自由行,一些目標團體客)

產品︰ 酒店包機票 B) dot.Com,GDS (航空公司預定系統)這是新近的20 年的趨勢 C)直接的預定(或者自始至終當地人,發電子郵件)

1) 怎樣與大陸旅行社合作︰ 2) 大陸旅行社與本地旅行社合作 >> 地方代理人發現飯店合作(在過去 5/10 年內,因為的大陸市場沒

開放,只有一些旅行社有權限處理生意; 4/5 年以前,大陸的市場開放,有私營旅行社提供服務)

直接接近大陸旅行社 5.你與多少旅行社合作?

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主要與本地代理人合作。並非很多大陸旅行社 ( 成氣候,雄厚的資金,有影響力 的旅行社不是很多︰ 國營,私營少 D ,深圳會多 D ) 。訊息︰ 當大陸市場開放時,大約 60 旅行社能合作。

6.你將與旅行社合作多久? 這裡有可靠性。 一些我們能與合作很久,但是會有不停的可變因素。

改變的原因︰ a)旅行社關閉 b)市場方向改變而不與飯店相配 c)旅行社的操作策略改變

在一個市場只有幾間有勢力的旅行社 歐洲客市場;大陸客市場,來來去去都係這幾間;非主要旅行社︰ 我們將依照給價格提供需求並且提供並且不給他們特別價錢 因為長期合作旅行社︰ 我們將與他們議付價格 旅行社獻出大約佔有比率的 70%到 80%

飯店和旅行社的關係︰ 飯店倚賴旅行社,旅行社也倚賴在飯店,供應與需求關係 在 2004 年,供應存在但是不能滿足需求; 旅行社想飯店給他們更多的空間 現下︰ 飯店有一個優勢。

你們的市場定位是?你們的房間的價格幅度作為一個集團,你們採買物資時獨立還是具體?香港的旅遊業發達,酒店業競爭很大,你們怎樣在同類酒店裡入夏呢入你們的市場宣傳方略?當年機場搬遷,對你們就酒店影響大嗎?宣傳策略:

現下︰ 宣傳策略是很少的 情勢︰ 要求並且提供 >> 飯店有優勢 目標︰ target 和 institutional 的工作

工作︰public image building/ public marketing (大大減少)

主要 target︰ 旅行社,航空公司

How to run︰ 1. 不會左報紙或者雜誌有任何廣告

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2. 參加航空公司的 package (海外或者大陸或者歐洲或者航空公司亞洲) Example: Cathy Pacific >> joint effort Adv: 1) the airline 有他們的 advertising on this packages/ programme

2) 有 leaflet

3) 例子: 康泰的 leaflet 上會印有 hotel 的 information, 是 more target

在 97之前︰ 這是關於提升(它的形象廣告)的更多的重點 安置︰ 海外和 競爭者︰ 在東九龍太子區沒有競爭者 飯店的缺點︰ 1)沒有附近商業的大樓,生意,購物中心 2)裝修比較舊派 (20 年歷史)

3)位置(非常重要的原素)

Adv︰ 1)商業區位置與新市區飯店相比較︰很快到去 tsim sha tsui

2)設備幾好 3)房間大 4)有很多 dining place 的選擇

PR 公司或者廣告公司的雇用︰ 集團有他們自己的 PR 和廣告 production team

它是 in-house PR 和 advertising team。 酒店有收費的 shuttle bus 的服務,只提供去機場的 shuttle bus,但 shuttle bus 不是很 effective, 不

是很大用處,不僅要額外開支,而且沒有什麼實際幫助。因為要是乘客要是上了車,也要等半個小時左右,不是很 effective。而且酒店的位置是來或是離開東九龍的必經之路,所以去旺角等地搭的士、小巴等也算方便。

現在去機場的 shuttle bus 是和 bus 公司合作的。

問:對於迪士尼落成後,內地遊客增多,有什麼應對措施?答:可能會加價,而且整個集團已經在做一些籌備的工作了。對於怎麼在迪士尼落成後有更好的業務表現,已經和各旅行團、迪士尼等有磋商。

已出臺的專案:現在普通酒店的房間都是兩張床,但我們酒店會將大約 20% 的兩人房間改成三人床或是四人床適合 family 來住,這比普通的加床要好,不是只是普通隨便的加床。因為本身酒店的 room

size 就要比很多很多的酒店要大很多,所以四張床都可以擺下。一般的 family 都是三四個人,所以很適合於 family。

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根據以往迪士尼經驗,對於迪士尼落成的入住率表示樂觀,認為到時 room supply 會緊張。現在香港的 room supply已經開始緊張了,現在香港有 3萬 8、9千間房,遲一些會有幾千間房開,即使到時 4萬左右間房也仍然不夠。

將香港的 Disney 的前景與美國的比較,美國一共有 3億多人,但中國 13億人,即使來 3億人都很龐大。美國 Florida 現有 15萬間房間供應,而現在香港有如此大市場,而且香港比 Florida 更加優勢是在於香港旁邊有東方的拉斯維加斯---澳門,而且香港本身也是東方的紐約----商業、金融中心,市場很大。

以後香港的房價會升,尖沙嘴都要 1、2千左右,內地的 working class 仍然不是很能負擔得起,他們又想住在 downtown 的酒店,可以選擇我們。如果選擇在旺角,一家人即使如果兩間房間,一間 800元,也要 1600元左右,但如果我們的 family room 收 1200元左右,可以吸引很多family 顧客。

針對歐美人客:在 12、13樓,已經設有專門中式風格的房間,加屏風、燈籠等。 酒店會用幾千萬來做裝修、維修。如果是大型的 project,會是集團式來進行。小型的 project 會

自己找 suppler 來進行。 食肆:酒店中的都是自己經營,花費大,一年買超過過億的食品。油、米等集團集中買,其他貨品自己買,找不同的供應商,有外國有內地。價格合適、品質好就買。

問: 怎麼看 guesthouse?

答: 認為 guesthouse 有生存價值,有市場。Guesthouse 的價格也不算太便宜,但安全問題(保安、火警等)令人擔心。我認為如果內地或是歐美客人來香港,如果能負擔得起住酒店,那他們還是會選擇住酒店,對本身酒店不會是一種威脅。反而現在市場上有一些不合酒店規格的酒店,會對酒店業造成影響。

問: 酒店業的發展空間?

答: 即使周邊地區(澳門、深圳)的酒店也有很多,但香港仍然有發展空間。但如果說經營酒店的前景,比起其他行業,需要很大的成本。譬如一天照常經營,一單生意都沒有,也要幾十萬左右。而且各方面的花費,如人工等都花費很大。

Interview 3 - A Guesthouse operator問: 首先想問下呢個龍群賓館既基本情況既介紹啦, 你地呢度一共有 31 間房?答: 36 間房問: 全部指單人房雙人房定係點?

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答: 1-4 個人都有答: 4 間單人普通房問: 咁即係除左單人普通房之外仲有呢?答: 仲有 3 間套房(單人房)

答: 咁另外雙人房呢有 12 間答: 咁另外果 d 就係 3 人,房 4 人房啦,大概有十幾間倒問: 3,4 人房大概夾埋十幾間倒?

答: 係喇係喇.

問: 咁 d 客人通常係兩個人,三個人定係點?答: 哦,唔好意思啊,應該係 16 間啊雙人房.

問: 唔緊要唔緊要.

答: 多數兩個人,或者一個人.一個人好多架.

問: 但係你地既單人房好似唔係好夠炸喎.

問: 即係單人房通常係一年到尾都唔夠架喇,咁通常我地會俾雙人房單身住客.

問: 咁即係可能佢地要俾番雙人房既價錢?答: 睇情況囉,有時我地答應左既,佢 book 左既,咁就擋 upgrade 比個客………..如果一般walk in既話呢,

會睇情況,就唔好囉問: 單人房既比例佔全部既幾多?

答:其實唔多,而家唔多,可能我地只做到十幾廿個%到.加埋套房.我地做呢行既,設計,個單位一千呎,就間六間房,係咁多,冇得改,呢個情況,我地選擇做單人房或者雙人房,因為間房唔會差好大,多一張床,多少少地方.但多一個選擇.

但係收番單人房既價錢?答: 係啊,唔會佢黎到收番佢貴 d.

問: 雙人房係佔幾多比例倒?答: 50%倒問: 咁其餘果 30%係咩?答: 三,四人房. 其實個需求最大係雙人房,跟住單人房,然後三,四人房一般唔係過時過節就唔會好多.

問: 主要係假期,三四人房 demand 會多 d.而家開始都會係架喇,復活節假期開始之後.

問: 客源係華僑?答: 華僑,自遊行咁啦.主要客源有 3種,華僑,自遊行,外國人咁啦,咁外國人佔大約都有六成左右啦開始.

問: 嘩,好多外國人,係歐美,日本人啊?

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答: 係鬼仔. 其實五年前打後啦,97 年前我地 100%係華僑黎既.咁果陣大陸又未有,外國我地又未做.正式做鬼仔係年半,兩年前倒啦.pick up得好快,所以而家有一半. 咁另外果個 30%,20%就係華僑同埋自遊行. 而家多左一班東南亞,泰國,馬來西亞,新加坡d 人黎旅行.一定係旅行. 華僑探親多,d 人主要係經香港.,然後係翻大陸.翻越南,翻印尼華僑 30%. 自由行多數係禮拜,五,六,日來,佔客源 20%倒

問: 其實貴賓館有幾個單位?(七樓全層)

答: 有六個單位. 一個 0 係六樓既,其餘五個 0 係七樓.

問: 幾時開始?答: 18 年前開始,16 年前就開始攞牌,第一日做開始計.搬左黎開始計. 14,5 年前就開始要玀牌喇.重慶

大廈果次火災,咁之後就要玀牌喇,可能你地都冇聽過.八幾年既事喇.

問: 一開始就規模已經係 6 個單位?答: 慢慢做架.

問: 果陣應該係你爸爸媽媽提出架嘛,點解會咁認為?諗起想 0 係呢行發展.

見到有華僑既巿場可以做.我地冇做鬼佬之前都係華僑.其實相對黎講華僑呢刻已經少左.同埋因為佢地係華僑,好大既網絡.97 年前 100%都係華僑.唔係香港同我地既問題,主要係番得去都番左,

可能係差唔多,可能有 d老左,有 d 要休息.同埋有直航機唔需要經香港,幾年以前香港係一個主要做城市做轉機,番大陸一定要經香港,但而家可以從 LA 直接去北京或者上海.大致係個巿場環境轉變左.隨住環境轉變,冇可能停 0 係度人工,租金,cost,都 fixed 左.只係有生意就賺多 d.

問: 以前係華僑,咁而家主要係外國人,有 Mainland 自由行,啊咁,咁旅館既設施,政策會唔會有 d咩轉變配合番果 d 客源既口味?(宣傳方面有冇轉變)

答: 有,加左好多,有好多 facilities 有中英文,簡體字就未正式有.但我地強制性要客人 12點 checkout, 其

實唔係好迫切性,岩岩開頭,國內岩岩開始做,例如有 d 客晚上八,九點番黎會突然話唔住,會令我地既安排好混亂,我地冇可能 reject 左個客,但係以前我地 d熟客就唔會咁樣,因為 0 係外國番黎知道有咁既規矩,但係 d 大陸客就唔知,又唔慣,而家果大陸度 d文化有改變,見到亦都乾淨左好多.以前做既國內同而家做既國內都見到係唔同既客.

問: 60%做鬼仔,但係而家自遊行咁多人,點解會得 20%既呢,會唔會因為岩岩開始所以先會咁呢?答: 其實唔係架,我地唔係特登咁樣做,但係我地做唔到,自由行多數係禮拜四五六咁樣黎既,我地好難

只係 hold 住星期四,五,六間房俾佢地,然後唔收星期一,二,三果 d 客架嘛,我地係收左長客先既,星期四,五,六呢,通常係禮拜三先打黎訂房既,然後問我地禮拜四有冇房,咁通常都冇房喇,講緊係近大半年啦,都係之前果日先打黎 book 房,都係冇得租.

問: 即係外國客同埋自由行租房既模式係唔同既,外國客通常會早 d book 房?

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答: Er,佢地會有早少少 book,留時間都係長 d.

問: 大約會留幾多晚約倒呢?答: 其實我地預 3晚倒架炸.

問: 咁自由行呢?答: 都係兩晚,一晚咁.一晚既最多.

問: D 自由行通常係 0 係週末先至打過黎?答:嗯,但係呢個都係佢地果個模式黎架,因為佢地放假先至會黎玩,我亦都知道係冇辨法改變既野,咁好難做,日頭打黎,我地真係做唔到.咁當然,都有時會收到,但係果個量就變左冇咁多.

問: 咁大陸果 d 自由行果 d黎呢,通常係邊度黎?廣東省啊?廣東省,>95%都係廣東,深圳廣州,.會有江門,順德果 d啦.開始有上海,北京廈門.

0 係內地自由行 d 客呢,佢地點樣認識倒貴館?都係上網,第一批上網,跟住第二批打後都係一個介紹一個黎既

問: 你地個網站係幾時建立架?Er,之前做,99 年開始,但係果陣就用緊免費既網站,之後有左自己個 domain,但係又有類似既公司用左類似既 domain,所以而家再轉左 dragonhostel.com 呢個.

問: 咁通常有幾多個%會用網站黎訂房啊?答: Er,好少架,佢地係睇完打電話過黎.或者 send email.

問: 咁你地本身網站有冇咁既服務?答: 可以架.佢地可以 send email黎俾我地囉,但唔可以比現金訂房.

問: 打電話黎佢地係講哂個 check in 時間啊,名啊,人數啊,預幾多晚咁樣,要幾耐之前倒打黎?

答: 如果要訂禮拜四五六果 d,要早一個禮拜前打黎,咁先 book 到 d好既房.

但係好難 control?因為有 d 人之後可能搵到 d仲平既房.

問: 佢地可以留房啦,留到兩三點鐘,或者除非搵人俾訂啦,有 d 公司肯咁樣做.

咁俾訂金係俾幾耐?答: 俾一晚. 咁佢打左入黎,最後唔出現既有幾多成呢?答: 咁又唔係好多,出現都有九成,我地見到既都有好多,我地留電話留時間,有 d 客好人既會打俾我地

話佢地黎唔到.因為大部分客都係即興黎問: 咁你地所有房既入住率有幾多成?(一年咁計)

答: 都有 85-90% (由去年三月到現在).

問: 可唔可能再高 d?

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答: 其實禮拜四五六咁計,就 over 左架喇.好似舊年聖誕,果幾日係好緊要.我地都做得耐,有熟客,我地熟客多.一半都係熟客,或者係熟客 d家人.

問: 有 d 係長住果 d?個 rate 同散客差多少?

答: 唔係差好遠,好景左之後,長客同散客個 rate 相差 10-12%倒.因為長客會令我地少左新客,以前同酒店爭客,而家酒店都冇長房喇.

問: 咁 d 長客,一住會住幾耐?答: 最長果個住半年. 酒店收得貴,而且呢度交通好方便.

問: 果 d 內地客佢地係駛唔駛俾按金訂金?係一入黎就俾房租,定係走先至俾?答: Check in俾,俾埋房租.一般唔駛按金.

問: Mainland黎 d 客可唔可以先跟團兩三晚,再自己 stay behind?

答: 呢 d 客唔多問: 我想再問下 d 關於 facilities果 d野啦,冇論單人定雙人房都一定有獨立既衛生間?答: 係啊.

問: 從你地八幾年開始已經係咁?答: Er,係啊,其實而家我地主要都係做番果個套房,以前就做落.

問: 咁裡面 d 電視係?

答: 14 個台問: 咁幾年開始做先有埋電視呢?答: 都有架喇,果 d好早就有架喇,電視啊,床啊,電話冷氣都有.

問: 有跟住酒店 d設備?答: 我地會儘量囉,咁雪櫃,床頭收音機呢 d 就冇,一般必須既都有.

問: 咁上網幾時有?答: 上網果度舊年年中倒會有.

問: 點解會有?答: 好多人問.

答: 同埋以前電話線要用,唔想阻住.

問: 多數外國人問?答: 係.

問: 呢棟大廈都有幾間呢 d guesthouses?

答: 全部係親戚黎架.

問: 咁你地滿左會唔會同 d親戚果 d book 住先?10

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答: 都會架.

問: 如果係出面會唔會都係咁呢?答: 咁就唔知喇.但係就好多都會咁樣做架喇.呢 d叫做大家行家讓行家囉.

問: 咁而家呢個時勢玀牌做 guesthouse 呢,係難定易呢?

答: 太耐問: 太耐啊?幾耐啊?

答: 其實唔係難架喇,反而係批果陣耐左少少,不過佢都講明係三個月既,三個月之內會批你架喇.當然係講緊你俾哂資料佢.

問: 政府鼓唔鼓勵開設 guesthouses 嗎?(政府)

答: 我又睇唔到政府會點鼓勵,但又唔會為難你.

問: 你覺得自己比親戚 d guesthouses 有咩優勢?答: 乾淨 d,同埋房間標準.

問: 價錢呢?答: 其實差唔多.同一間廈大差幾十蚊,相差唔會多問: 我見你地有個參考價 0 係網度,係 fixed,定係過時過節會唔同?

價錢,旺季會貴 d,但係網上果個係底價.好少會跌過果個價錢.

加幅幾多?(旺季)

答: 20%. 平時雙人房$250,會加到$280,但係二,三星 d 酒店會去到處 7-800蚊,

問: 講起比其他 guesthouses乾淨,咁有冇邊 d唔足夠既地方?答: 有 d野要改.外面競爭好大.

問: 全 hk既 guesthouse,係咪主要集中 0 係旺角?答: 油尖旺,銅鑼灣,其他地方就唔係旅行賓館.

問: 網站以外,會唔會 0 係其他地方做廣告?答: 唔係好做,去年做過黃頁,但係效果麻麻地,打開本黃頁,裡面實在太多賓館. 有問過 d 客,有 d真係由

黃頁到搵到我地問: 大概幾多?問: 印象中唔多.通常 0 係呢個 guesthouse 行業會係點樣賣廣告?答: 我諗都係上網啦,print ad,黃頁,雜誌,其實十間中十間都係靠口碑最多.

Interview 4 - A person who has been to Hong Kong問: 你上次去跟團有沒有得選擇酒店嘎?定系旅行社個團指定左果間?答: 無啊無啊,無得揀嘎,它們幫我們安排好的。

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問: 甘酒店既情況滿吾滿意啊?答: 幾好啊問: 入邊D 環境點啊,大吾大間啊?答: 都好大間問: 甘D衛生啊,設施啊?答: 都好好啊,房裏面有電視啊,咩野都好齊全,環境啊各方面都好滿意既,D 服務都 幾好,D 服

務員一叫就隨傳隨到啦。果度附近買野又方便咯。問: 如果你下次來呢,你想跟團定自由行啊?答: 我都想跟團問: 跟團。甘你都系通過旅行社定房,甘你會吾會揀翻果間啊?答: 都可以既果間問: 甘你有沒有聽過私人旅館啊?答: 都聽過,但系人生路不熟,都系吾會揀果D

Interview 5 - A potential traveler問: 叔叔有沒有聽過私人旅館啊?答: 聽過,果D 私人公寓嘛問: 如果你去香港呢,你會跟團定自由行啊?答: 如果比我,我想自由行問: 甘你定房會揀酒店定私人旅館啊?答: 私人旅館咯問: 點解呢?答: 平咯。我聽人講又話可以住在那裏可以叫人幫手煮埋飯吃都得嘎問: 可能吾得噶哦?答: 吾得米自己買野在那裏煮咯,果度可以煮野吃嘎?我聽人講就話有,鍺幾個人住落,可以出街

買野,然後果度有地方可以自己煮野來吃。問: 甘你打算怎樣定房呢?系預先 book,定去到先找呢?答: 去到先隨街找咯問: 甘如果住酒店或者私人旅館,你覺得一晚的價錢你可以接受最高系幾多呢?答: 四百以下問: 即價錢對你來講系最重要.甘你會吾會介意它的設施啊,條件啊?它的房間好細好窄哦答: 雖然窄,但系它都有最起碼的設施同條件又過得去既就得啦,去果度住一兩晚鍺,怕咩呢。

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Interview 6 - A Staff of a Mainland Travel Agency問: 能談談你的公司和香港酒店之間的合作關係嗎?答: 目前我們和香港的酒店還沒有直接的合作!實際上我們是航空公司的票務代理,最近才涉足旅

遊業,是作為上航假期旅行社(上航假期是國內旅遊第二強的公司)的加盟店。國際國內機票代理,可以兼做航空公司的銷售。關於港澳遊方面,可以做NX/KA/MU 的 PACKAGE。是澳門

航 空,港龍,及東航的機票加酒店服務。問: 在您的公司,香港澳門的業務占多少比重?答: 港澳遊一般是占比重的10%問: 目前和多少間香港的酒店有合作?答: 香港海逸酒店(5星)、香港喜萊登酒店(5星)、九龍香格里拉酒店(5星)、香港怡東酒店

(4星)、北角海逸酒店(4星)、香港新世界萬麗酒店(4星)、香港九龍皇悅酒店(4星)、香港金域假日酒店(4星)、香港港島皇悅酒店(准 4星)、華美達酒店(3),香港南 洋酒店(3),都會海逸酒店(4)問: 哪一些酒店?為什麼選擇這些?答: 自住遊是住香港喜來登或九龍香格里拉。一般遊客我們聯繫的就有很多的三星級酒店。

因為我們做了七年的票務,旅遊才剛起步。所以先依靠知名的品牌做成熟的產品,過一階段我們會獨立操作,到時就可以與香港的酒店直接聯繫。

問: 那會否考慮/有沒有必要和香港本地的旅行社進行合作?答: 會的,會去找旅遊同行的。問: 就你所知,通常上海的旅行社或者航空公司,是如何與香港的酒店合作的?答: 實際上是航空公司讓一點機票折扣,酒店讓出房價,或者是航空公司直接找酒店,或是酒店直

接找航空公司作成機票加酒店計畫,推廣給旅行社。國內的七大旅行社可以左右大航空公司開新的航線,除了政府行為以外。旅行社對酒店的影響要比對航空公司的影響小很多。

問: 談到政府行為,目前政府是否對旅行社有一些優惠/鼓勵政策?答: 是的。只是在特殊情況下,政府會給一點優惠政策。問: 這些酒店之間,為了爭取與旅行社的合作會不會有競爭?如果有的話,通常採取哪些方式?答: 會有一些促銷的活動。例如“15免一”問: 你們通常怎樣為遊客聯繫住宿、餐飲,及交通巴士?答: 我們組織的香港遊是先到深圳再坐巴士到香港。問: 不同的旅行計畫是否有不同等級?這會否影響到對下榻酒店的選擇?答: 對,有不同的旅行計畫。

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問: 你們目前有哪些針對港澳遊的不同旅行計畫?未來打算新增或者更改嗎?答: 每月我們都有不同的旅遊計畫,是根據上海的一些社會活動和季節變化來設計的。問: 對遊客的住宿你們是如何收費?遊客的意見或回饋對你們是否重要?答: 喜來登三天兩晚是3200RMB。問: 你是否瞭解香港酒店備有三人標準間的情況?你們會不會推薦給遊客?答: 這是做促銷給一般遊客的,一般不推薦,因為我們主要針對“自助遊”。問: 你認為你的公司和其他旅行社有哪些不同?這些不同帶給你們什麼優勢/劣勢?答: 上航假期在兩年時間內成為全國第二,主要是依靠上航的品牌和強大的經濟實力以及擁有自己

的飛機,這是其他旅行社無法得到的優勢。完全是自主產品,利潤會豐厚一些。他的網站也只有七個月時間,現在越來越多的人開始習慣與利用互聯網來訂購旅遊產品,在這幾方面,上航假期是走在比較前面的。劣勢就是根基不深,尤其是在境外,還不能與春秋,錦江相比。我們旅遊板塊從上航獨立出來以後,會爭取香港這一塊。我的公司稱做上海瀚海航空商旅服務有限公司,網址www.nicetrip365.com(美好商旅資訊服務網)正在建設中,10月份會完工。可能

會 比上航做的更好(只是指網路部分)。問: 目前公司港澳遊收益如何?利潤主要來自哪方面?答: 利潤最大的是海南遊。自住遊主要靠機票,一般游導遊賺的多一些。問: 目前你們公司顧客的組成結構是怎樣的?答: 自住遊的群體主要是有因私護照的白領階層,只需解決住宿和酒店。問: 你對目前香港旅遊業的情況怎麼看?答: 我覺得內地去的人會越來越多。問: 未來針對港澳遊你們公司有什麼計畫和構想?答: 我們也會找香港的旅行社和酒店組合我們的機票構成產品,還可能找一名在香港的代表,負責

資金的運作。

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C. Tables and Figures

Tables

Table 1: Room Rates of a Local 4-star Hotel from Local Travel Agencies

Name of Travel Agencies Hong Kong dollars/ nightHong Thai Travel Services Ltd. $740Wing On Travel and Tour Ltd. $810Kwan Kin Travel Service Ltd. $880Wah Kong Travel Agent Ltd. $790Tiglion Travel Service company Ltd. $800Edmond Travel Ltd. $780

Table 2: Comparison of Room Rates among Online Booking Systems

Hotel booking systems Price/night ( Hong Kong dollars)http://www.368.com.cn $870Hong Kong hotels association hotel booking system $900

http://hk.hotels.com/ $944Travelnet Ltd. http://www.orientaltravel.com/ $764

Asia travel hotel booking system $850

Table 3: Travel Arrangement of Mainland China Tourists in 2003/4(Statistics provided by HKTB)

Air + Hotel Package

All-inclusive Package

Non-Package Average Lengths of Stay

2003 2% 20% 78% 4.81 nights2004 2% 18% 80% 4.26 nights

Table 4: Numbers, Rates and Types of the Rooms in a Local 4-star Hotel

Regal OrientalHotel

Single Room Twin orDoubleRoom

Triple and Quadruple Family Room

Suite

Number of Rooms 10 338 24 18

Room Rates(Total amount*)

$800($904*)

$1,200($1,356*)

$1,450 -- $2,000($1,525*-- $2,268*)

$3,900($4,407*)

* Indication of room rates (Including 10% Service Charge Plus 3% Government tax)

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Table 5: Preference on Hotel Facilities and Services

Facilities and Services PreferenceTV with movie channel 64%Cable or satellite TV 49%IDD 65%Wireless online 31%Fridge 35%Computer 22%Fax machine 8%Safty case 7%

Facilities and Services PreferenceAir or train ticket service 74%Visa application 54%Currency exchange 67%Swimming pool 50%Gymnasium 41%Medical service 47%Limousine 29%

Table 6: Average Room Tariffs (after discount) of a Local 4-star Hotel in Off- and Peak Seasons and the Expected Room Tariffs of Mainland Travelers on Four Star Hotels

Hotel Room Tariffs in Off-seasons

Room Tariffs in Peak seasons

Expected Room Tariffs of Mainland

TravellersA Local 4-star

Hotel HK$799.5 HK$811HK$515.9Other Local Four-

Star Hotels HK$956.5 HK$1,131.6

Table 7: Average Discount Rates of Regal Oriental Hotel and Other Four-star Hotels provide during Off- and Peak Seasons

Hotel Average Discount Rate in Off-seasons

Average Discount Rate in Peak seasons

A Local 4-star Hotel 31.5% 31.5%Other Local Four Star Hotels 32.0% 31.9%

Table 8: Comparison of the growth of guestrooms and that of incoming travelers

Year Guestrooms

Growth Occupancy rate

Tourist Arrivals

Growth

2002 38,919 +1.6% 76.4% 16,566,382 +20.7%2003 38,100 -2.1% 70.1% 15,536,839 -6.2%

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2004 37,900 -1.1% 83.4% 21,810,630 +40.4%2005

(predicted)

40,000 +5.3% 89% 27,590,446 +26.5%

(Unit for number of incoming visitors: million)Table 9: Top Five Room Facilities/ Services Mainland Travelers Would Like to Have

Facilities/services

percentage of people who think it is necessary/important

Percentage of hotels offering these facilities/services

Regal Oriental Hotel’s provision

Free movie channels 51% 0% NoTV with Cable/Satellites 45% 100% YesWireless network 44% 0% NoInternational Direct Dialling 35% 100% YesDesktop computers 27% 0% No

Table 10: Amount of total visitors and Mainland visitors from 2002 to 2004

Figures

Figure 1: Total Number of Mainland Visitors and Inbound Tourists in 2003 & 2004

Figure 2: Mainland Tourists’ Consideration When Choosing Hotels

Year 2002 2003 2004Total visitors 16,566,400 15,536,800 19,900,000Mainland visitors 6,825,200 8,467,200 13,432,500Percentage 41.3% 51.6% 67.5%

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Figure 3: Ideal Room Rates of Mainland Tourists

Figure 4: Reasons for Tourists not Staying in Guest Houses

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45.4554.55

Hong Kong IslandKowloon

Figure 5: Location of Local Four-star Hotels

19$150$200$250$280$300$350$400$450$500$550$600$700$750$800$850$90012008000

Ideal price range of hotel - bottom / point

0

5

10

15

20

25

Perc

ent

2.2

8.9

1.1

21.1

7.83.3

18.9

2.27.8

3.3 3.3 1.1 1.1

Figure 7:Ideal Room Rate for Mainland Tourists

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Figure 8: Visitor Arrivals and Its Growth

Figure 9: Number of Total Inbound in Hong Kong from 2002-2006 (million)

Figure 10: Increasing percentage of Mainland visitors

02468

101214161820

Million

2002 2003 2004

Total Visitors toHong KongVisitors fromMainland China

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Figure 11: Total spending on trip

15000 or above10000-150008000-99995000-79993000-49992999 or below

Total spending on trip

20

15

10

5

0

Coun

t

Figure 12: Tourists who will come again because of Disneyland

17.65%No

82.35%Yes

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Figure 13: Purpose of Visit

3.95%11.84%

14.47%

69.74%

Business tripVisit peopleShoppingTour

Purpose of visit

Figure 14: Length of Stay in Hong Kong

87654321

Length of stay (days)

25

20

15

10

5

0

Coun

t

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Figure 15: Location of Occupied Hotel

9.52%Central

28.57%Wan Chai

19.05%Causeway Bay

7.14%Sha Tin

14.29%Mong Kok

21.43%Tsim Sha Tsui

I wish to thank the following BAEPC students for their contribution of sharing their data file. These students are: Abby Zhou, Alwin Leung, Andrew Zhang, Cindy Chu, Cynthia Ou, James Lee, Karen He, Plue Su, and Shirley Yeung.

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