Possible Pathways of Making Energy

Glycolysis

Respiration Fermentation

Anaerobic: WITHOUT oxygen

Aerobic: WITH oxygen

Step 1

FERMENTATION AND CELLULAR RESPIRATION NOTES

LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION• Performed by some fungi, some

bacteria, and sometimes by our muscles

LACTIC ACID FERMENTATION

• Products include cheese, yogurt, and very sore muscles!

Alcohol Fermentaion• Performed by yeast and some kinds

of bacteria.

Alcohol Fermentaion• Products include CO2 and Ethanol

• Used to make beer, bread and wine

Alcohol Fermentation: (w/o oxygen)

C6H12O6 2 C2H5OH + 2 CO2 + 2ATPControlled by 11 enzyme

Alcoholic Fermentation

Time (hours)

Sugar

Yeast / Temp

Alcohol

GlycolysisGlucose 2 Pyruvate

RespirationFermentation

Lactic Acid Alcoholic

GlycolysisGlucose 2 Pyruvate

Respiration Fermentation

Lactic Acid Alcoholic

Examples:

1. In muscle cells while exercising.

2. Dairy products

Example:

1. To make alcoholic beverages using yeast & sugars.

Aerobic Anaerobic

C6H12O6 + 6 O2 6 H2O + 6 CO2 + 36 ATPenzymes

Aerobic Respiration: process in which oxygen is used by living cells to release the energy stored in food.

• Takes place in the mitochondria of eukaryotes, and in the cell membrane of prokaryotes (bacteria).

• Yields approximately 36-38 ATP.

respiration song

Movie about respiration

Draw and Label a Mitochondria

•Matrix: Pyruvate broken down into CO2 and H2O

•Cristae: 34 ATP Produced

•Flash animation highlighting Cristae

Cellular Respiration Review• Glycolysis: occurs in cytosol; breaks down

glucose into pyruvate. Makes 2 ATP.

• Pyruvate is then broken down further in the mitochondria to produce Water, Carbon Dioxide and 32-34 ATP.

Cellular respiration- 3 steps• Glycolysis: occurs in cytosol; breaks down glucose into

pyruvate. Makes 2 ATP.• Kreb’s Cycle: In mitochondrial matrix; pyruvate broken down

into carbon dioxide and electrons are carried to Electron Transport chain.

Makes 2 ATP.• Electron Transport

Chain: inner membrane of mitochondrion; electrons passed to oxygen and 32-34 molecules of ATP are made.

Respiration Animations

Animation of electron transport chain and atp synthesis

Online tutorial for respiration with animations

Summary:

– Photosynthesis- used in plant kingdom

6 CO2 + 6H2O C6H12O6 + 6 O2

– Respiration- used in highly organized organisms. (oxygen)

C6H12O6 + 6 O2 6H2O + 6CO2 + 36ATP

– Fermentation- used in yeast & bacteria. No oxygen

C6H12O6 2 C2H5OH + 2CO2 + 2ATP

Controlled by 11 enzyme

“white light”

chlorophyll

enzymes

• Which of these 3 release energy to organisms?

• Which captures energy & stores it?

• Which uses oxygen to yield more energy?– How much more energy?

• Which doesn’t use oxygen?• How does respiration

compare to photosynthesis when referring to

…energy? …Carbon dioxide? …Oxygen?

Compare Respiration & Fermentation in Lab using given data.