Post-singularity and Primitive Intelligence

7/29/2019 Post-singularity and Primitive Intelligence

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POST-SINGULARITY AND PRIMITIVE INTELLIGENCE

Virgilio A. Rivas

Institute of Cultural Studies, Polytechnic University of the Philippines

Abstract

The argument of post-singularity states that evolution can be hastened to advance towards amore desirable direction once it is released from its biological inhibitors. To hasten this process

intelligence must be maximally pushed to its post-human direction.

But the possibility of post-singularity will have to rely on a much traditional approach known to

primitive intelligence. Among others, the efficacy of this approach can put so-called higher than

human consciousness status of AI into question. Yet, for all its worth primitive intelligence is not

invulnerable to systematization. This paper concludes with a recommendation on how to retain

its positive kernel at the same time that one can be critical of its objectifications in present-day

state of technology and global processes of subject formations in the era of Anthropocene.

Keywords: anthropocene, reflexivity, post-singularity, singularity

Introduction

In one of his most important works on the topic of

singularity Australian philosopher David Chalmers

criticized the academic resistance to the idea of

intelligence explosion, or roughly, singularity, that he

considered to be the result of a highly speculative

flavor (3) that goes with the hype with which it has

been treated in the popular and new media

environments like internet forums, etc., at least in

highly developed societies. The speculative import

that Chalmers attributes to this resistance is not to

be mistaken with the intellectual trademark for

which the speculative brand of Continental

philosophy has been known in philosophic literature.

It is rather the case that singularity is well

entrenched in popular media as opposed to

academic institutions with their own unique

attribution of the speculative, that it is transcendent

to untutored public opinions.

It is worth noting here the rhetorical

strength of the idea of singularity as, perhaps, the

major foil to understanding its importance as a

philosophical concern. This rhetorical strength may

be attributed to a number of factors chief among

them is the undeniable social power of technology

that has destroyed many traditional barriers


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concerning our everyday relation to time and space,formerly held to be transcendent to human nature.

Nonetheless, this social power of technology has not

come unnoticed by social theorists critical of the lack

of reflexive attribution that technology, particularly,

artificial intelligence or AI ought to otherwise

inculcate in the users and consumers of its cultural

goods. AI critic Hamid Ekbia describes this, rightly so,

as the attribution fallacy. In referring to AIs fallacy

of attribution Ekbia underscores the propensity of

people to uncritically accept implicit suggestions that

some AI program or other is dealing with real-world

situations (Ekbia, 2008: 9). Ekbia observes then that

Some AI authors implicitly encourage their

readers to let their own concepts slide and

glide fluidly back and forth between the real

world and the model, so that in the end no

clear notion is built up about how

microscopic the worlds being dealt with

really are (9).

We can attribute this fallacy to the

technological culture of our time whose enormous

social power may be judged to be unreflexive due to

its conscious toleration of narrowing the reflective

space between the truth-value it projects and the

use-value it promotes. It is also worth mentioning

that some of the major proponents of artificial

intelligence have strong commercial and

entrepreneurial backgrounds (Kling and Iacono,

1995; Ekbia, 2008:33; Lenat and Feigenbaum, 1991).

On the whole, these backgrounds inform how truth-

values are tied up to usage, consumption, anddistribution in a veritable economy of signs, images,

and cultural goods which populate the new media.

In this light, attempts to radicalize the

evolutionary algorithm to the highest intelligent

capacity of the human race, through developing theright software (Chalmers, 6; Vinge, 1993), cannot be

dissociated from a certain belief-system that

promotes a unique conception of what intelligence is

and what it can do. In principle this is not far from

the manner by which primitive intelligence aimed to

organize the social order based on the power of the

abstract, a disembodied notion of reality by means

of which it was believed one could transcend the

limits of localization (by which we mean individual

existence) in order to achieve a certain form of

globality (a post-existent kind of living presence in

the sense of having overcome a localized form of

individuation germane to being). Across these social

experiments, the body is reduced into a region of

physicality by a generic method of importing mind

to matter (Ekbia, 86) just so to radicalize evolution

by other means (Kurzweil, 1999 in Ekbia, 66), with

varying degrees of articulation, concentration,

specialization and predictable outcomes across time.

But it is only in light of the postmodern

quest to radicalize the evolutionary algorithm thatthe concept of singularity has acquired tremendous

speculative import that, as Chalmers rightly

observes, merits serious philosophical attention. We

beg to differ with Chalmers, nonetheless, on his

emphasis that the speculative flavor with which

singularity has been received in popular media is due

to a distorted objectification of singularity like a

horror or pulp fiction is to a traditionalist or classical

literary audience concerning depictions of reality.

What makes its reception speculatively tainted is not

also far from how systems are most often perceivedto be anathematizing the interests of the human

agency. The speculative import rather illustrates

how singularity or post-singularity discourses fail to

convince human subjects that intelligence explosion,

which may lead to the end of organicism, of error-


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prone vitality of living systems including humans,may give complete autonomy to machinic algorithms

in the name of the fullest expression of human

freedom where errors are minimized if not reduced

to zero.

Certainly, singularity can boost human

survival. Poverty, unemployment, food as well other

security issues that burden modern human existence

can be addressed by maximal and effective

technological interventions. But the problem lies in

how singularity fails to communicate the paradoxesthat come with sacrificing organicism in favor of

machinism. Thus, it becomes less a question of

technological determinism (it seems people are

more accommodating to technology) than of a

political program (people are indifferent to politics

which can potentially ignite resistance when politics

becomes too obvious). Singularity discourse can be

seen as concealing a cryptic content, hermetic to

knowledge that the public either ridicules or turns

into an object of horror and fear. The failure is

therefore educational.

There is no easy path for science and

technology to bridge this communication gap. But if

singularity aims to improve the human condition the

task of educating the public is all the more pressing.

Education is already an improvement of the human

condition, though far from the highest desirable

condition in which perennial threats to human

existence, such as diseases, food security, etc. are

minimized or more efficiently addressed than they

were being handled and confronted centuries beforethe incremental rise of singularity in the 21

stcentury.

Examining singularity is therefore an

opportunity to relate to the possibility of intelligence

explosion whose outcomes we at present have the

power to realize or forestall, for better or for worse.We identify this opportunity for reflection as an

embodied intellectual labor of reflexivity just as

much as this kind of engaging the future can only

take place in the present where bodies still exist,

that is, in both form and substance.

Reflexivity and Singularity

For purposes of this paper we are taking the

definition of reflexivity from a post-Kantian or

speculative philosophy (Tauber, 2005) which

attributes reflexivity to the ability of thought to

recognize its internal contradiction. Nonetheless, if

thought has such ability it also follows that it is

incapable to singularize itself into the peak of its

power, into the absolute saturation of its

intelligence, intelligence being the site of internal

contradiction itself. Otherwise there will be no more

thought to recognize its own work, finished or

unfinished.

Thus, a certain notion of alterity (of

thought) escapes thought itself at the same time

intrinsically attached to it in a way that makes it

possible to ask, why there is consciousness?

(Chalmers in Blackmore, 2006: 70). Roughly

speaking, it is consciousness interrogating itself

(Petra in Blackmore, 277), its mirror image which in

principle is said to be capable of existing

independent of the embodied referent of

experience. This in principle logic is incidentally one

of the chief features of traditional AI, its claim that

intelligence is transcendent to mind-body problem

(Brooks, 1999: 9; Ekbia,10), therefore its existence

can be independently affirmed, especially if its

existence is taken from the standpoint of evolution

driven by intelligence. The more contemporary


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claims of AI however attempt to fuse intelligenceand physical body (Ekbia, 3) only to elevate

intelligence to a position that can hasten the

evolutionary process, or evolution by other means

(Kurzweil in Ekbia, 73) regardless of the bodythis

time where the body means flesh. This physical

body where intelligence can perform super-human

capability, and ultimately, achieve immortality for

conscious entities (Kurzweil in Ekbia, 76), is a far cry

from the phenomenological conception of the body

as biologically embodied.

Speculative philosophy (by which we mean

the philosophy of immanence that began with Hegel

but earlier proposed by Spinoza) at least restricts a

similar notion of singularity to the highest immanent

capacity of the human subject to prolong itself as

long as life is still embodied, as long as the

mysterious surplus of the corporeal ensures the

endless possibilities of face-to-face communication,

empathy, affective relation and human

understanding. Nietzsche described this subject as

the overman (Hollingdale 1969); Heidegger Da-sein(1999); Derrida differance in terms of the

impossibility of totalizing the subject even as subject

(in Nancy 2009); Lyotard a subject always in status

nascendi (in Cadava et al, 1991); Nancy being

singular plural (Nancy2000); Badiou an autonym of

an empty idiom (Cadava et al, 1991); Ranciere a

nonsubject (in Cadava et al, 1991), among other

continental philosophers who attempted to describe

this notion of subjectivity based on a nomological

affirmation of the subject. This subject is yet to exist

but in a way exists in the sense that it behaves as itshould in a radically impossible environment that

can only be properly lived out by an embodied

thought from whose standpoint nevertheless this

embodied thought is deemed inactual (Agamben,

2005).

But even as speculative philosophy isemboldened by a similar notion of singularity such

as, among others, an idea of a self-less subject as the

perfect embodiment of the human in the future to

come, a human capable of self-determination as an

instance of the universal in its capacity as a singular

subject, at the same time capable of transversing

singularity in terms of becoming other than itself,

the post-singularity direction of this philosophy has

never amounted to the celebration of the ultimate

closure of embodied experience in favor of evolution

by intelligence explosion. The singularity of this

explosion expresses a distinctive aim for evolution,

that is, to radicalize its seemingly backward design

into the highest level of singularity, unlocking the full

computational potential of the human species in

which intelligence possesses the key.

Self-modeling and Computational Strategy

If continental philosophy has its own notion of

impossible subject, contemporary neurophilosopherThomas Metzinger, whose works we believe straddle

the analytic and continental divide, describes this

subject as nemocentric anchored on

An egocentric frame of reference (centered

on the model of the body as object and

origin of behavioral space) while at the

same time phenomenally operating under a

nemocentric reality (centered on a globally

available but fully opaque self-model

embedded in the current virtual window ofpresence (Metzinger,2003: 336).

What is striking in this model of subjectivity

is that it is unconstrained by neither temporal

presence, the given-time of the present (Derrida,


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1993: 17; Heidegger, 1999: 68) nor the romantic ideaof self-becoming in the future to come. Rather this

subjectivity is already happening and yet requires a

more conscious attention in the midst of what

Metzinger also describes as an organized attack

against the space of consciousness (in Brockman,

2011: 97-99) facilitated by the new media, the

internet and the smart machines, etc., propelled by

AI dreams. This organized attack on the space of

attention, Metzinger argues, creates a new form of

waking consciousness that resembles weakly

subjective statesa mixture of dreaming, dementia,

intoxication and infantilization which he lumps

together under the category public dreaming (99).

The creation of weakly subjective states is

no less an assault against the object and origin of

behavioral space, the body. While Metzinger is

pursuing a rather ambivalent engagement with the

singularity and post-singularity ambitions of our time

despite a patent form of technological determinism

that these aims encourage, he also argues, oddly

enough, in respect of the remainder of technologicaldeterminism, always the human that remains

untotalizable, that even this kind of determinism

leaves a space for reflection. Where the real danger

lies is in the fact that the remainder is consistently

seduced by the new media into appropriating weakly

subjective states which discourage full attention to

the world around them. Yet, as Metzinger also

argues, this remainder is nothing that can be

ontologically defined as self (Metzinger,2003). Thus,

on the more fundamental level of subjective

experience, this self resists closure and totalization.

In the case of the dream of singularity it is

simply unviable to radicalize the evolutionary

algorithm in terms of pushing the limits of human

intelligence to its extreme potential simply because,

and as Metzinger adds, subjectivity operates on theprinciple of necessary self-reification (Metzinger,

338). Under this personal reification format, even

the computational resources available for self-

representation, which could be made globally

available for intervention and manipulation, are

necessarily minimized by the self-modeling subject.

Self-representation or self-modeling possesses a

potentially infinite and circular logical structure

(338), the so-called reflexive loop, such that self-

reification blocks the possibility of system

breakdown in terms of providing the system with

interminable supply of computational resources for

global determination, both on the level of conscious

subjective experience and social cognition. If the

subject minimizes the availability of computational

resources that systems can take advantage of it is,

paradoxically speaking, for the benefit of the survival

of systems themselves. Subjects from the outset

may not be fully attentive to this capacity of them to

minimize the availability of computational resources

for which Metzinger, allots them, at least, an opaque

nonepistemic potential (Metzinger,131).

One way or another, systems can cause

their non-attentiveness whose efficacy however

cannot be totalistic because, attentive or not,

subjects remain the ultimate source of

computational resources. Owing to the fact that the

subject that has to minimize its availability for

evolutionary radicalization can retain its integrity as

untranscendable, post-singularity has no definable

subject to begin with, a subject it can singularize into

its computable transcendable limit.

But it is not only the subject of which we

have to be grateful in terms of pre-empting a system

breakdown for which an embodied human

civilization like ours still survives but also the very


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system of global computation of subject formationsunwittingly legitimated by the very subjects it wishes

to totalize. On this score, the freedom to question

the systems claim to truth, at the same time that

the user is consuming its goods and values, suggests

of a reasonable acceptance of the systems

functional usefulness. The user withholds judgment

as to the systems temporally constitutive values,

epistemic, moral or political, which go beyond their

function as use-values. The withholding possible in

this case is akin to a deconstructive strategy of

questioning the pre-epistemic presuppositions of

truths before they acquire public epistemic presence

as use-values. This without necessarily breaking the

system of use-values itself, for one way or another

the systems capability to reflexively understand its

own constitutive work is closed off from its own

computational intelligence (it has no real intelligence

other than that which is invested by subjects) which

already indicates that global systems do not have

absolute power over self-modeling or subjective

computational strategies.

Withholding of judgment as already a form

of engaging the system in a veritable symbiotic

relationship is made possible by the fact that one is

enveloped by a pervasive network of subject-

positionalities, a global system of computation

whose determination is at least necessary for

subjects to descend to extended reflexive loop

without which subjects may misuse their potential

for infinite self-representation, the potential for bad

infinity. The global system preempts the subject to

implode into the dark infinity of self-totalization. Inturn, structural patronage of the system avoids the

possibility of system breakdown. In the case of the

present order of singularity, this means that the

invasiveness of social structures is necessary owing

to its psychosocial functionality as that to which

human agents extend their need for self-representation. Incidentally, these structures are

increasingly populated by smart machines, expert,

and physical symbolic systems, computational

culture, virtual environments, and knowledge-

intensive products (Ekbia,106), all chief features of

contemporary AI or artificial intelligence. But the

very invasiveness of this singularity world or social

structuration is ultimately temporal and contingent.

Insofar as it governs individual lives in

extensively impersonal ways, the most advancedexample of singularity in terms of totalizing subject

formations under the aegis of global computation is

that of money economy. In essence it is an attempt

to globalize what always remains untranscendable.

But it may also be argued that no matter how evil

money economy is its determination is necessary at

some point. Yet its evilness is temporal. Certainly, it

is going to be challenged by the principle of the self-

reification of subjects that resist closure and

totalization at which point subjective withholding of

informational resources for computationalimprovement of global intelligence boils up to

generate tectonic resistance. All the more then that

global systems need to be sensitive to the plight of

the human agency.

Ironically, the determination of this form of

globality rests on the power of the subjects to pre-

empt any system breakdown. In principle the same

applies to the post-singularity dream of AI. It is

simply in the evolutionary nature of subjects to block

not only a system breakdown especially with respectto themselves but also the possibility of a fully

transcendent system. For its part, a reasonable

global intelligence cannot allow for the possibility of

breaking the potentially infinite circular loop of self-

modeling. Embodied subjects have the capacity for


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radical forms of computation that they are ratherfree to take on notwithstanding their inherent

reflexivity, that is, their opaque knowledge of the

causes of system breakdown such as radicalizing

those very limits, all within the bounds of embodied

subjectivity that straddles the personal and social

cognitive realms.

Traditionalism of Post-singularity

Singularity is not different from the intentionality of

primitive intelligence that on grounds of survival

grounds itself on the principle of self-reification,

itself aleatory to the full representational or

epistemic attempt to radicalize the direction of

human evolution via a certain form of intelligence

explosion. Yet, even this is not a cause to celebrate.

If this primitive form of intelligence started

by nurturing the aleatory guarantee of self-

reification in its own attempt at singularity, though

backward by all means, in order to avoid systembreakdown then the post-singularity direction of

todays singularity is somehow structurally

guaranteed not to go awry. But at some point in the

global computation of available resources for the

persistence of subject formations the primitive form

of intelligence that used to guarantee the self-

maintenance of the system became unable to

guarantee, for instance, the once stable condition of

the feedback loop, that is, between cultural change

and physical change. The key to understanding the

eventual disparity is time. Science historian Ronald

Wright summarizes this concept for us:

Cultural change begat physical change and

vice versa in a feedback loop...

Nowadays we have reached such a passthat the skills and mores we learned in

childhood are outdated by the time were

thirty, and few people past fifty can keep up

with their culturewhether in idiom,

attitudes, tastes or technology... Most

people living in the Old Stone Age would

have not noticed any cultural change at all.

The human world that individuals entered

at birth was the same as the one they left at

death (Wright, 2004:14).

This explains the disparity in terms of the

feedback loop that in many ways connects with what

Metzinger earlier described as the reflexive loop that

has the potential for infinite circularity but which in

the end can still threaten the system to breakdown,

especially, if the resources available for self-

modeling reach a dead end. This is where we can

radicalize the assumptions of Metzinger.

The system is guaranteed against going

awry solely because of the immanent capacity of

subjects to reabsorb the system to their logically

infinite loops where the concrete possibilities for

infinity lie. Since the dawn of human apes, subjects

have always proceeded from themselves. But human

civilization has already reached a certain point at

which a massive system breakdown can threaten to

wipe out the entire human race, quickly or gradually.

It has never been more pronounced since human

civilization entered the era of the Anthropocene.

The Anthropocene is a term used by Nobel

laureate Paul Crutzen to describe the current period

of evolution in which humanity is driving its course

rather than natural forces (Kolbert in Elsworth and

Kruse, 2012). This nearly spells out the dreaded

process of entropy that has now started to roll out


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on the geological plane. But this time humanity ishelping entropy by introducing more complex

patterns of existence into a state of natural

equilibriumby systematically polluting and over-

populating the planet. On this note it may suffice to

say that the primitive form of intelligence that used

to guarantee stability is now pushed to its planetary

limit by which we mean the excessive rationalization

of the human condition thus far by the highest

immanent limit of singularity, a post-singularity in its

own terms, by the abstract rule of money that has

been responsible for much of the ecological crises,

and most of the worlds economic and political

calamities our planet is facing.

The chief target of these crises is a

planetary body of human subjects, accidentally

divided by geography, race, gender, cultural, political

and class differences. But their accidental dispersion

in spatial dimensions (geographies) are now

effectively being leveled into a single plane of

determination courtesy of the global ramifications of

the entropic process that the era of Anthropocene isbringing to attention. Ironically, the rule of money

singularity has allowed the multiplication of deprived

subjects, which as thermal bodies are viable source

of energy supply, on an unprecedented geological

scale. But if world economies are now

accommodating the wisdom of population control it

is not for the recovery of the planet that this gesture

is more inclined to promote but rather the gesture is

preoccupied with the necessity of singularity, the

effective machination of labor and production where

quality, efficiency, and cost reduction are the tallorder of the day. Only this time, smart machines will

take the place of organic thermal resources once

provided by laboring bodies.

This system of rationalization alreadyoperates in the form of depriving subjects, already

least favored by the evolutionary game, of their

capacity for good infinity, by which we mean the

capacity for self-reification necessary to achieve

organic balance (which is no longer the

preoccupation of global systems as mathematical

machinism is increasingly taking place), at the same

time sustaining the arbitrary divisions that set

subjects apart mostly by means of naturalizing their

differences (in terms of dividing the scales of the

planet according to per capita income of populations

and continents). Today, under the guise of a global

social contract, now termed globalization, which

promises to guarantee the availability of global

resources for self-modeling and human flourishing,

least evolutionarily favored subjects have become

objectal coordinates of a system that increasingly

determines itself according to the purity of a

disembodied notion of reality.These coordinates (or

information extracted from deprived subjects that

have been entrapped by the visibility machine of

global systems) are necessary for an increasingly

singularizing global system. They serve as knowledge

base for a more efficient transformation of

informational societies. The key here is how to

better expose their bodies and their opaqueness to

their own subjective experiences for a more efficient

biopolitical control.

The appeal of disembodiment already

explains the attractiveness of singularity to world

economies. Global systems are in a rush to provide

smart artificial platforms for public expression andfulfillment which increasingly alter human neural

capacities for self-reification. This is already

happening on a global scale as virtual global

communities and other global networks of subject

formations are increasingly redefining what it means


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to be human these days, as N. Katherine Haylesnotes in her influential study (1999). We may

wonder how subjects run out of infinity that they

become easy targets of systems. The explanation

may be simple. The global resources that can sustain

bodies are now redirected to sustain the new

mantra of global singularity by organic subjects

whose motives are obviously evolutionaryto keep

themselves above the organized disembodiment of

the human condition. This leads us in the final

analysis to the non-epistemic opacity of primitive

intelligence.

The Politicization of Primitive Intelligence

Those subjects capable of minimizing the

transparency of information-processing or

computational resources vis-a-vis the global

computational systems are the very embodied

subjects capable of harnessing the systems at the

expense of phenomenally weak subjects, those

whose direct and immediate contact with their

selves may be considered computationally poor and

inadequate, a variation in information-processing or

self-modeling leading to differential subjectivities,

altogether borne by evolutionary processes.

Metzinger underscores at length:

Phenomenal selfhood results from

autoepistemic closure in a self-representing

system: it is a lack of information. The

prereflexive, preattentive experience of

being someone results directly from the

contents of currently active self-model

being transparent. Any system acting under

a transparent self-model will, if all other

necessary conditions for the emergence of

phenomenal experience in the domain

constituted by this class of systems arerealized, by necessity experience itself as

being in direct and immediate contact with

itself. The phenomenal property of selfhood

is constituted by transparent, nonepistemic

self-representation, and it is on this level of

representationalist analysis that the

refutation of the corresponding

phenomenological fallacy becomes truly

radical, because it has a straightforward

ontological interpretation: no such things as

selves exist in the world... What exist are

information-processing systems engaged in

the transparent process of phenomenal

self-modeling (Metzinger, 2003: 337).

Where does nonepistemic opacity of

primitive intelligence fit in? As nonepistemic,

primitive intelligence is nonpropositional which true

to its form and substance does not generate truth or

falsity in the order of epistemological presence,

rather simply presents a wealth of information-

processing materials through the subjects virtualwindow of presence available to any given system.

Evolutionarily speaking, self-modeling varies

according to circumstances and opportunities in

which computational agents find their own selves

situated. Those that can actually and efficiently

minimize the information-processing materials

available for global determination are

understandably in a better position: 1) not to expose

themselves too much for systems to take advantage

of; 2) to help the systems evolve into a global

reference for egological flourishing but only to suchan extent that systems do not suck them dry (that is,

the favored ones), and, 3) to seal the system against

totalizing computationally accomplished subjects,

those that have successfully represented their

precomputational, preattentive rootedness in


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nonepistemic opacity, thus capable of negotiatingwith systems better than those whose opaqueness

are poorly represented to their own subjective

experiences.

This form of singularity can be

acknowledged for its attentiveness to the differential

algorithm of evolutionary processes as they relate to

individual levels of conscious subjective experience

and social cognition. It certainly admits of the

cognitive experimental advantage of subjects that

can minimize their self-exposure to the power ofglobality, but unfortunately always at the expense of

other subjects disfavored by the evolutionary game.

In general, subjects (favored by evolution) are

unwilling to radicalize their cognitive advantages for

the benefit of championing the necessity of self-

reification; instead they support computational

visibility in terms of promoting self-transparency

which is essential for the preservation of globality.

The radicalization of ones cognitive advantages

would amount to supporting the cause of self-

reification as an ambivalent but necessary act thatpreserves both the self and the system. (We contend

here that reification does not absolutely proceed

from system to self. Systems are for the most part

incapable of reification. Subjects reify themselves

most of the time. But reification as an important

mode of existence helps the system inhibit itself

from totalizing the subject in terms of forcing it to

embrace visibility and abandon reification).

When systems begin to reify at the risk of

collapsing, it is only then that subjects allowthemselves the reification they undergo. This

reification is two-fold. First, subjects who are in the

best position to take advantage of the system

influences the system to demand visibility of other

subjects. Second, least evolutionarily favored

subjects unwittingly or consciously embracetransparency which systems can maximize to

enhance global determination. Unwittingly, least

favored subjects allow system breakdown when they

completely embrace computational visibility for

systems to take advantage of. It is in this sense that

it will not benefit any system to demand complete

visibility of subjects. Ultimately, it will not benefit

(favored) subjects to influence the system to

demand computational visibility. This demand may

take the form of championing the gospel of self-

transparency, which will reveal the subjects lack,

which in turn allows systems to define for them the

fullness they seek, leading to systems taking

advantage of least favored subjects in todays

culture industry in terms of creating avenues and

platforms for self-expressions aided by the new

media.What the culture industry promotes is that

there is no lack of computational information, no

opaqueness of subjective experiences. The only

thing that is missing is the correct way of looking for

information.

The moment one seeks information,

visibility follows for one is also a bit of information

that others seek. By becoming visible one helps the

social order increase its knowledge base for global

computation in terms of mapping, mining and

analyzing psychosocial coordinates necessary for

systems to widen their scope, which by and large

means high return of investment. To encourage

visibility and hence to increase the knowledge base,

systems resort to the psychosocial dynamics of

combating anonymity, reification and obscurity byproviding accessible thus therapeutic platforms for

coming out into the world, venues for expressibility

and collective recognition, promoting the dictum

that opacity is specious, that the darkness it

promotes is suspiciously evil. Popular social


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networking sites champion this new mediaphilosophy, that there is such thing as a transparent

self, contrary to the assumption that lack of

information realistically defines the subject. In other

words, in the beginning there is already information.

This may be true evolutionarily speaking,

but it can also serve to promote a more suspect

truth that in the beginning, with reason already at

work, primitive intelligence (the arche-information)

is bound to favor some and isolate the majority, that

this isolation seems to be the ultimate structure oftime, that by necessity this isolation justifies the

necessity of computational violence to nature, both

human and nature at large. If this is called civilization

then Wright is pointing out the obvious that

civilization is not a guarantor of moral progress

(Wright, 36).

Yet we can radicalize a different face of

singularity in terms of pushing evolution to its

proper ethical direction in which primitive

intelligence is radicalized to serve the self-modeling

needs of the many disfavored by the opaqueness of

evolutionary processes. This computational model of

singularity is another way to describe evolution by

other means, other than the intelligence explosion

that has been treated with so much hype by the AI

community.

The other means possible is another way

of stipulating differences on the level of global

systems, differences that are concretely marked by

embodied subjectivities as the objects and

genealogies of behavioral self-modeling spaces. The

obvious elitism of singularity by intelligence

explosion is here pitted against singularity by

sustaining the surplus of the corporeal whose ideal

end, if at all it can be posed, may be described as

post-singularity whose root intelligence or primitivecomputational base (also the root space of hitherto

existing singularities by virtue of the primordial

opaqueness of being that makes itself available to an

active frame of self-modeling) is once and for all

recast to serve the aims of the human condition

under the emphatic terms of equity and social

justice.

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Post-singularity and Primitive Intelligence