SOCIETE DES NATIONS LEAGUE OF NATIONS

CONFERENCEPOUR LA FOR THE

RIREDUCTION ET LIMITATION DES ARMEMENTSREDUCTION AND LIMITATION OF ARMAMENTS

JURNALGENtVE 1932 GENEVA 192

No 5I . - JEUDI 21 AVRIL 1932. No. 5I . - THURSDAY, APRIL 2IST, I932.

COMMUNICATIONS A LA REDACTION DU JOURNAL COMMUNICATIONS TO THE EDITOR OF THEDE LA CONFERENCE. CONFERENCE JOURNAL.

Les communiques et informations a inserer dans le Journal Material to be included in the Journal should be addresseddoivent etre adresses a M. John Palmer, redacteur en chef, to the Editor, Mr. John Palmer, Room 7Io, Committeebureau 7Io, Batiment des Commissions. Building.

Note: Le Journal est publie pour la commodite de MM. les Note: The Journal is issued for the convenience of the delegatesdeleggues et du public. On n'y trouvera pas un compte rendu and the public. It is not intended to serve as a complete andcomplet et definitif des seances de la Conference et des Commis- permanent record of the discussions which take place in thesions; il ne doit donc pas etre employe comme source de documen- Conference and its Commissions, and it should not therefore betation. Au surplus, si I'on veut qu'il paraisse tres exactement, used for purposes of reference. Moreover, if it is to appearil ne saurait donner autre chose qu'un resume sommaire des promptly, it cannot give more than a brief summary of thediscussions. discussions.

SOMMAIRE. CONTENTS.Pages Page

I. Programme des s6ances ....... ....... 405 . Programme of Meetings .... ......... . 405

II. Commission g6n6rale: Quatorzieme s6ance. ...... 406 II. General Commission: Fourteenth Meeting ...... 406

III. Commission des d6penses de d6fense nationale: Comit6 III. Commission on National Defence Expenditure: Technicaltechnique ........... .. ..... . 412 Committee .................. 412

IV. Commission politique: Sous-Comit6 de la Commission IV. Political Commission: Sub-Committee of the Committeepour le d6sarmement moral .......... 41. 414 for Moral Disarmament ............. 4. 4I4

V. Commission permanente consultative pour les questions V. Permanent Advisory Commission for Military, Naval andmilitaires, navales et aeriennes .......... 414 Air Questions .................. 414

VI. Signatures et ratifications d'accords internationaux . . 414 VI. Signatures and Ratifications of International Agreements 414

VII. Liste des documents distribu6s a la Conference .. . . 414 VII. List of Documents distributed to the Conference . . 414

I. PROGRAMME DES SEANCES. I. PROGRAMME OF MEETINGS.

Commission generale. General Commission.

La Commission generale se reunira en, seance publique There will be a public meeting of the General Commissionaujourd'hui jeudi 21 avril, a Io heures, au Batiment des to-day, Thursday, April 2Ist, at Io a.m. in the CommitteeCommissions (salle G). Building (Room G).

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Ordre du jour: Agenda:

Article I (suite de la discussion) (Conf.D/Io3). Article i (Continuation of discussion) (Conf.D/Io3).

III. a) Application simultanee de la limitation quan- III. (a) Simultaneous application of a quantitativetitative et de la limitation qualitative par and qualitative limitation by the prohibi-interdiction de certains materiels ou de tion of certain material or of certain cate-certaines categories d'armements; gories of armaments;

b) Interdiction de certains materiels, sauf sous (b) Prohibition of certain material except undercertaines conditions. (Conf.D./C.G.25 et certain conditions. (Conf.D./C.G.25 andConf.D./C.G.26). Conf.D./C.G.26).

IV. Reduction sous condition des mesures a prendre IV. Reduction subject to measures to be taken in regarddans le domaine de l'organisation de la paix. to the organisation of peace:

Conditions politiques: Political Conditions:

a) Mise a la disposition de la Societe des (a) Placing at the disposal of the League ofNations de certains materiels, etc.; Nations of certain material, etc.;

b) Creation d'une force internationale. (b) Creation of an international force.

Conditions juridiques: Juridical Conditions:

a) Organisation de l'arbitrage; (a) Organisation of arbitration;b) Assistance mutuelle; (b) Mutual assistance;c) Sanctions; (c) Sanctions;d) Readaptation du regime international. (d) Re-adaptation of the international

regime.

Commission des depenses de defense nationale: Comite technique. Commission on National Defence Expenditure: TechnicalCommittee.

Le Comite technique se reunira en seance privee aujourd'hui The Technical Committee will meet privately to-day,jeudi 21 avril, a II heures et a I6 heures, au Batiment des Thursday, April 2Ist, at ii a.m. and 4 p.m. in the CommitteeCommissions (salle M). Building, (Room M).

II. COMMISSION GENERALE: QUATORZIEME SEANCE.II. GENERAL COMMISSION: FOURTEENTH MEETING.

La Commission generale s'est reunie hier mercredi 20 avril, The General Commission met yesterday, Wednesday,a Io heures, sous la presidence de M. Arthur HENDERSON. April 2oth, at IO a.m. under the Chairmanship of

Mr. Arthur HENDERSON.

ARTICLE I DU PROJET DE CONVENTION (suite). ARTICLE I OF THE DRAFT CONVENTION (continuation).

II. a) Criteres de la limitation ou reduction; II (a) Criteria for limitation or reduction;b) Prise en consideration des conditions (b) Taking into consideration of the

particulieres des divers pays. particular conditions of the differentcountries.

M. BENES, rapporteur, rend compte des discussions qui ont M. BENES, Rapporteur, informed the Commission of theeu lieu la veille au Comite de redaction et qui ont abouti a discussions which had taken place in the Drafting Committee.ladoption, a l'unanimite, le delegue sovietique s'etant abstenu, Those discussions had resulted in the unanimous adoption ofdu projet de resolution suivant: the following resolution, the Soviet delegation having abstained

from the vote:

(( Vu les propositions presentees par diverses delegations "In view of the proposals submitted by various dele-concernant les criteres de la limitation et de la reduction gations concerning the criteria for the limitation anddes armements, reduction of armaments,

(( La Commission generale declare que, pour determiner "The General Commission declares that, in determiningces criteres, les dispositions de l'article 8 du Pacte de la those criteria, the provisions of Article 8 of the CovenantSociete des Nations doivent etre appliquees et que, par of the League of Nations shall be applied and that, inconsequent, il faut reduire les armements au minimum consequence, armaments must be reduced to the lowestcompatible avec la securite nationale et avec l'execution point consistent with national safety and the enforcementdes obligations internationales imposees par une action by common action of international obligations.commune.

( Il y a lieu, en outre, de tenir compte de la situation " It will be necessary, further, to take account of thegeographique et des conditions speciales de chaque Etat. geographical situation and circumstances of each State.

(( La Commission generale decide egalement que l'exa- "The General Commission decides that the applicationmen de l'application de ces criteres et des methodes par of these criteria and the methods by which the reductionlesquelles la reduction et la limitation des armements and limitation of armaments must be effected, shall bedevront etre effectuees sera incessamment poursuivi sur immediately examined from a practical standpoint."le terrain pratique. >

Cemal HUSNU bey (Turquie) remercie d'abord le President Cemal HUSNU Bey (Turkey) thanked the President and theet le bureau de la Commission d'avoir pris en consideration Bureau of the Commission for having considered the suggestion

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la suggestion de la delegation turque tendant a faire entrer of the Turkish delegation to the effect that the principle ofle principe de l'egalite des armements dans la categorie des equality in armaments should be included among the criteriacriteres pouvant servir a la realisation, par etapes successives, to serve as a basis for the achievement by successive stagesde la reduction des armements. A son avis, le systeme de of a reduction of armaments. The system of equality was not,l'egalite des armements n'est pas en contradiction avec l'ar- in his opinion, in contradiction with Article 8 of the Covenant.tide 8 du Pacte; par ailleurs, la delegation turque aimerait The Turkish delegation further hoped it would be possible toqu'il fut possible de remedier, par surcroit, & l'inegalite des find a remedy for the inequality existing between States inEtats en matiere de potentiel de guerre. On a objecte que respect of potential war strength. It had been objected thatla proposition turque, bien que constituant la meilleure solu- the Turkish proposal, although constituting the best solutiontion d'un point de vue absolu, etait actuellement trop radicale in an absolute sense, was at present too radical to be carriedpour etre realisable. Toutes les delegations admettront cer- into effect. All delegations would certainly admit that it wastainement qu'il est regrettable que, a une epoque qui exige to be regretted that, at a time which called imperiously for theimperieusement l'application de solutions radicales, on ne application of radical solutions, it was not possible to resortreussisse pas a y recourir. Toutefois, la delegation turque, to them. The Turkish delegation, however, as it had alreadycomme elle l'a de'a declare, n'insistera pas avec intransigeance stated, would not uncompromisingly insist upon its own thesissur sa propre these et adherera a toute proposition tendant and would accept any proposal wnich would have the effecta reduire les armements au niveau le plus bas possible. Elle of reducing armaments to the lowest possible level. It wouldaurait adhere au projet de resolution tel qu'il avait ete amende have preferred the draft resolution as amended at the previousla veille par la delegation italienne et elle espere que, dans meeting of the Commission by the Italian delegation and itla pratique, la resolution proposee aujourd'hui par le Comite hoped that in practice the text submitted by the Draftingde redaction ne s'ecartera pas trop dans son esprit du projet Committee would not prove to be far removed in spirit fromde resolution de la veille. the draft resolution of the previous day.

M. LITVINOFF (Union des Republiques sovietistes socialistes) M. LITVINOFF (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) said thatdit que ses objections au projet de resolution portent a la fois his objections to the resolution applied both to its form and tosur la forme et sur le fond. its substance.

Son objection de forme est motivee par le fait que la reso- His formal objections arose from the fact that there waslution s'identifie presque entierement avec l'article 8 du Pacte almost total identification of the resolution with Article 8 of thede la Societe, dont son pays ne fait pas partie. On semble Covenant of the League, of whichhis country was not a memoer.avoir considere comme admis que l'ceuvre de la Conference It seemed to have been taken for granted that the work of thedu desarmement doit etre fondee sur l'article 8, et c'est une Disarmament Conference must be oased on Article 8 and thatsupposition que son gouvernement n'accueillera pas sans sur- assumption would be received by his Government with noprise. I1 n'y avait aucune reference a l'article 8 dans aucune small surprise. There had been no reference to Article 8 in anydes lettres adressees soit par le Conseil, soit par le Secretariat, of the letters from the Council and Secretariat of the Leaguepour inviter le Gouvernement sovietique a prendre part aux inviting the Soviet Government to take part in the work of tnetravaux de la Commission preparatoire et de la Conference, Preparatory Disarmament Commission and of the Conferenceet son gouvernement n'a jamais suppose qu'on lui demanderait and his Government had never imagined that it would be askedd'accepter l'article 8. to accept Article 8.

Cet article n'a d'ailleurs aucun rapport de forme avec la Article 8 had no formal connection whatsoever with theconference actuelle. Lorsqu'il a ete redige, nul ne songeait a present Conference. When that Article had been drafted, thereconvoquer une conference mondiale comprenant des Etats had been no idea of convening a general world conference ofmembres et des Etats non membres de la Societe. Selon l'ar- Members and non-members of tne league. Plans for the reduc-ticle 8, c'est le Conseil qui doit dresser les plans de reduction tion of armaments were, under Article 8, to be formulateddes armements, et les limites d'armements ainsi fixees ne by the Council of the League and the limits of the armamentspeuvent etre depassees sans son consentement. Tout ce que thus fixed were not to be exceeded without the concurrence ofstipule l'article 8 doit etre decide, non pas par une conference, the Council. Everything under Article 8 was to be decided,mais par le Conseil, qui applique les criteres mentionnes au not by a conference, but by the Council, applying the criteriaparagraphe i de l'article. mentioned in paragraph i of the Article.

Lorsqu'on a redige l'article 8, on supposait que la Societe The Article had been drafted on the supposition that thecomprendrait tous les Etats. Les faits n'ont pas repondu a League of Nations would include all States. That assumptioncette attente et c'est par la suite que l'idee est venue de con- had been falsified by events and the idea had subsequentlyvoquer une conference de tous les Etats, membres ou non arisen of convening a conference of all States, whether Membersmembres de la Societe. I1 est evident qu'une telle conference of the League or not. It was obvious that such a conferencene saurait etre regie par les principes enonces a l'origine en could not be ruled by the principles originally laid down for anvue d'une organisation composee uniquement de Membres de organisation consisting only of League Members but that itla Societe et qu'elle ne peut etre regie que par ses propres must be ruled by its own decisions alone.decisions.

Le projet de resolution actuel fait de l'article 8 une dispo- The present resolution made Article 8 binding upon all takingsition obligatoire pour tous les Etats participant a la Confe part in the Conference and it would involve an approval ofrence et il impliquerait l'approbation des obligations interna- international obligations imposed upon Members of the Leaguetionales imposees aux Membres de la Societe par son Pacte. by its Covenant. The Soviet delegation had no mandate toLa delegation sovietique n'a aucun mandat lui permettant accept or approve any Article of the Covenant.d'accepter ou d'approuver un article quelconque du Pacte.

La delegation sovietique a en outre des objections de fond The Soviet delegation, moreover, had objections of substancea l'egard de la resolution. Elle ne peut accepter l'article 8 to the resolution. It could not accept Article 8 as a guidingcomme un principe directeur de la reduction des armements, principle for the reduction of armaments, since the Article hadetant donne qu'il a ete interprete comme entrainant l'appli- been interpreted as involving an application of the individualcation de la methode de reduction individuelle et subjective, and subjective method of reduction. Further, any proposal forDe plus, toutes les propositions de reduction radicale presen- effective reduction had in the Preparatory Commission been mettees a la Commission preparatoire se sont heurtees i l'argument with references to Article 8, which had invariably appearedtire de l'article 8, qui est invariablement apparu comme as an obstacle to such reduction. The fact that one delegationfaisant obstacle a une telle reduction. Le fait qu'une delega- had based' its demands for the utmost possible reduction oftion a fonde sa demande d'une reduction poussee aussi loin armaments on Article 8 merely showed that it was interpretedque possible sur l'article 8 prouve simplement qu'un article in such conflicting senses that it was quite useless as a guidingsusceptible d'etre interprete dans des sens aussi divergents principle. The resolution before the Commission could onlyn'a aucune espece de valeur en tant que principe directeur. create fresh ambiguities, which would undoubtedly impedeLa resolution soumise & la Commission ne peut que creer de the further work of the Conference.nouveaux malentendus, qui ne manqueront pas d'entraver lestravaux ulterieurs de la Conference.

La delegation sovietique ne peut voter en faveur de la The Soviet delegation could not vote for the resolution, butresolution; ii ne lui reste qu'a attendre et a voir quels resultats must wait and see what effect its adoption would have on the

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aura son adoption sur les travaux pratiques de la Conference. practical work of the Conference. When the General Commis-Lorsque la Commission generale se livrera a un travail reel sion proceeded to the real task of reduction it would find thede reduction des armements, elle trouvera la delegation sovie- Soviet delegation as ready as ever to collaborate.tique aussi prete a collaborer que jamais.

M. p'AvILA LIMA (Portugal) declare que la delegation M. D'AVILA LIMA (Portugal) said' that the Portugueseportugaise, ayant collabore a la proposition a laquelle le delegation, as one which had participated in submittingComite de redaction a donne forme concrete, recommande la the proposal to which the Drafting Committee had givenresolution a l'approbation de la Commission. concrete expression, recommended the resolution for approval

by the Commission.

La resolution, mise aux voix, est adoptee; la delegation sovie- The resolution zas put to the vote and adopted, the Soviettique vote contre. delegation voting against it.

II. c) Methode de calcul des effectifs, basee Item II (c). Method of computation of thesur une evaluation des besoins abso- effectives based on the absolute needslus pour la police interieure et des for internal order and relative needs forbesoins relatifs pour la defense national defence.nationale.

Le PRESIDENT explique que le point c) comporte deux The PRESIDENT said that two principles were involved:principes:

io Une partie des armements d'un pays, etant fondee (I) Part of the armaments of a country should besur les conditions speciales de ce pays, ne peut etre reduite; fixed according to its special circumstances and could

not therefore be reduced;20 L'autre partie de ses armements est en fonction des (2) The other part of its armaments, being related to the

armements d'un ou de plusieurs Etats voisins et est armaments of one or more neighbouring countries, wassusceptible d'etre reduite. liable to reduction.

M. Hugh GIBSON (Etats-Unis d'Amerique) dit que la dele- Mr. Hugh GIBSON (United States of America) said that hisgation americaine, en presentant une proposition concernant delegation, in putting forward a proposal relating to thele calcul des effectifs d'apres 'evaluation des necessites de la computation of armed forces on the basis of those necessarypolice interieure et de la defense nationale, a indique qu'il for police purposes and for defence, had intimated that furtherserait utile de proceder a une nouvelle analyse de la question. analysis of the question would be useful. The studies of hisL'etude a laquelle sa delegation a procede n'etant pas encore delegation had not been completed and he would thereforeterminee, il propose d'ajourner la discussion. suggest that the discussion should be postponed.

II en est ainsi decide. The proposal of Mr. Gibson was adopted.

III. a) Application simultanee de la limita- Item III (a). Simultaneous application oftion quantitative et de la limitation quantitative and qualitative limitationqualitative par interdiction de cer- by the prohibition of certain materialtains materiels ou de certaines or of certain categories of armaments;categories d'armements;

b) Interduction de certains materiels, (b) Prohibition of certain materialsous certaines conditions. except under certain conditions.

Le PRESIDENT dit que la question de la methode de reduction The PRESIDENT said that the question of the method of thedes armements souleve les deux principes de la limitation reduction of armaments raised the two principles of qualitativequalitative et quantitative. Il propose que la Commission and quantitative limitation. He would suggest that thecommence par un examen de la limitation qualitative. Les Commission should begin with the consideration of qualitativepropositions qui peuvent se ranger sous le point III sont limitation. The proposals coming under Item III of the Agendanombreuses; outre celles des delegations italienne et frangaise, were numerous, including, in addition to those of the Italianelles comprennent toutes celles qui traitent du materiel des and French delegations, all the proposals relating to materialtrois categories d'armements et prevoient la suppression de of the three categories of armaments, providing for the aboli-certains armements ou l'interdiction d'en faire usage. D'autre tion of certain armaments or for the prohibition of their use.part, certaines parties des propositions figurant sous le point IV Moreover, certain parts of the proposals coming under Item IV(reductions sous condition des mesures a prendre dans le (Reduction subject to measures to be taken in regard to thedomaine de l'organisation de la paix) devront peut-etre venir organisation of peace) might have to be discussed in connectionen discussion sous le point III, par exemple la mise a la dispo- with Item III, such as the placing at the disposal of the Leaguesition de la Societe de certains materiels et la creation d'une of Nations of certain material and the creation of anforce internationale. international force.

Si on analyse ces diverses propositions, on voit qu'elles An analysis of these various proposals showed that theyrepondent aux preoccupations suivantes: were intended:

IO Garantir une superiorite constante aux moyens de (I) To secure a constant superiority of means ofdefense par rapport aux moyens d'attaque; defence as against means of aggression.

2° Rendre les armements moyens onereux pour les (2) To render armaments less onerous for the States.Etats;

3° Reduire autant que possible, en temps de guerre, les (3) To reduce as far as possible in time of war thedommages subis par les personnes et par les biens, et damages inflicted to persons and property, and innotamment par la population civile. particular to the civil population.

I1 ouvre la discussion sur toutes les questions soulevees par He would invite the Commission to discuss all the questionsle point III de l'ordre du jour. raised by Item III of the Agenda.

Sir John SIMON (Royaume-Uni) invite la Commissionf it Sir John SIMON (United Kingdom) invited the Commissionexaminer un projet de resolution comportant le principe du to consider a resolution which embodied the principle of

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desarmement qualitatif, tout en reservant d'autres suggestions qualitative disarmament, while safeguarding other important

importantes qui devront venir en discussion en temps utile. I suggestions which would in due course have to be considered. '

Il n'y a pas necessairement contradiction entre ladoption du There was no necessary contradiction between adopting the

principe du desarmement qualitatif et l'adoption ulterieure de principle of qualitative disarmament and the subsequent

lidee d'une force internationale ou de l'internationalisation adoption of the idea of an international force or the inter-

d'un service donne. II lui parait important que la Conference nationalisation of a given service. He felt it was important

commence par se prononcer en faveur du principe qualitatif, for the Conference to begin by declaring in favour of the quali-

principe qu'il definira comme impliquant le choix de certaines tative principle and he would define that principle by saying

categories ou de certains types d'armements dont l'usage ou that it involved the selection of certain classes or descriptions

la detention serait interdit a tons les Etats par convention of weapons with a view to prohibiting by international con-intern1ationale. vention their possession or use by any State.

Le principe du desarmement qualitatif se retrouve dans le The principle of qualitative disarmament was embodied in

projet meme de convention, au chapitre V, ou il est propose the draft Disarmament Convention itself in Part V, in which

d'interdire l'emploi de gaz nocifs ou de procedes de guerre it was proposed to prohibit the use of noxious gases or bacterio-

bacteriologique. En outre, ce principe a ete soutenu au cours logical warfare. The principle, moreover, had been supported

de la discussion generale, en conference pleniere, par un grand during the general discussions of the Conference by a large

nombre de delegues, comprenant M. Grandi (Italie), M. Hymans number of delegates, including M. Grandi (Italy), M. Hymans

(Belgique), le baron Ramel (Suede), M. Benes (Tchecoslovaquie), (Belgium), Baron Ramel (Sweden), M. Benes (Czechoslovakia),M. de Zulueta (Espagne), M. Munch (Danemark), M. van M. de Zulueta (Spain), Dr. Munch (Denmark), M. van Blokland

Blokland (Pays-Bas), M. Branco (Portugal), M. Colban (Nor- (the Netherlands), M. Branco (Portugal), M. Colban (Norway),

vege), M. Motta (Suisse) et M. Hugh Gibson (Etats-Unis M. Motta (Switzerland) and Mr. Hugh Gibson (United States

d'Amerique). of America).La delegation yougoslave a soumis un projet de resolution The Yugoslav delegation had submitted a resolution con-

contenant quatre ou cinq propositions differentes que l'on taining four or five different proposals to be adopted at the

devrait adopter en meme temps. Le delegue du Royaume-Uni same time. He was doubtful whether that was a wise method

se demande si c'est la une bonne procedure. Ne vaut-il pas of procedure. Was it not better to consider the proposals before

mieux examiner une a une les propositions soumises a la the Commission severally, on the understanding that the

Commission, etant entendu que l'adoption d'une proposition adoption of a particular proposal would not in any way

particuliere ne prejugerait en quoi que ce soit les decisions prejudice decisions upon subsequent and related proposals in

sur des propositions ulterieures, portant sur le meme sujet et no way inconsistent with those previously adopted ?

qui ne seraient pas incompatibles avec les propositions pre-c6demment adoptees ?

Si la Conference n'adopte pas le principe d'une limitation The Conference, unless it adopted the principle of qualitative

qualitative, elle court le grand risque d'arriver a une situation limitation, ran a serious risk of reaching a position in which

o-h le dsarmement quantitatif ne produirait pas tous les quantitative limitation would not produce all the results

resultats attendus. Le desarmement quantitatif resultera de desired. Quantitative limitation would be brought about by

l'insertion de chiffres dans les espaces blancs du projet de inserting figures in the blank spaces of the draft Convention

convention et ces chiffres seront dtermines par les Etats eux- and those figures would be determined by the individual States

memes individuellement. II craint que la Conference, si elle a themselves. He feared that, if the Conference put its trust

foi exclusivement dans cette methode de limitation, ne coure exclusively in such a method of limitation, there was a serious

le danger que les resultats definitifs ne soient tres inferieurs danger of the final results falling short of what was hoped and

i ceux que l'on attend. En adoptant le principe de la limi- expected. The Conference, by adopting the principle of quali-

tation qualitative, la Conference mettrait en jeu un deuxieme tative limitation, would set a second and most fruitful influence

facteur, des plus feconds, en raison notamment du fait que at work, particularly as its application did not depend upon

son application ne dependra pas de l'appreciation individuelle the individual judgment of the States concerned but upon

des Etats intdresses mais d'un accord intervenu pour appliquer agreement to apply a common rule to all States alike.une rigle commune a tous les Etats.

C'est pourquoi il demande que la Commission, sans prejuger He would therefore ask the Commission, without prejudging

la question de savoir s'il y aura ou non une force internationale, the question whether there should or should not be some

declare qu'aucun Etat particulier ne peut continuer de vivre international force, to declare that no individual State should

dans un regime ou toutes les categories d'armements s'offrent continue to live under a system under which all categories of

i son choix et exprime sa nette approbation du principe d'une armaments were open to its choice and to pronounce a definite

limitation qualitative et de l'abolition de certains armements. approval of the principle of a qualitative limitation and abolitionof armaments.

M. NADOLNY (Allemagne) constate que toutes les proposi- M. NADOLNY (Germany) noted that all the proposals madetions qui ont dt6 faites au sujet de l'abolition de certaines for the abolition of certain categories of armaments were in thecat6gories d'armements sont orientees dans le mime sens que same sense as the German proposals, which he maintained inles propositions allemandes, qu'il maintient integralement. Il their entirety. The proposals related to certain categories ofs'agit de certaines categories d'armements qui, en raison de armaments which, owing to their offensive or destructive power,leur puissance offensive ou destructive, ont ete interdites a had in the Treaties of Peace been prohibited to certain States.certains Etats dans les traites de paix; or, ce sont ces memes It was precisely those weapons which had been most strikinglyarmes qui ont ete le plus fortement developpees apres la developed by other States after the war. He would refer inguerre par d'autres Etats. Le delegue de l'Allemagne vise ici particular to tanks, heavy artillery, heavy howitzers, militaryles chars d'assaut, l'artillerie lourde, les lance-mines lourds, and naval aviation, capital ships of more than Io,ooo tons,l'aviation militaire et navale, les vaisseaux de ligne de plus aircraft carriers and submarines. The offensive characterde Io.ooo tonnes, les navires porte-aeronefs et les sous-marins; of heavy fortress artillery depended on the position of the for-quant a l'artillerie lourde de forteresse, son caractere offensif tress on the frontier. Finally, there seemed to be an agreementdepend de la situation de la forteresse sur la frontiere; enfin, to prohibit the use of gas and bacteriological weapons. All theil semble qu'il y ait accord pour interdire les gaz et les armes arguments urged by the American delegate in favour of hisbacteriologiques. Tons les arguments avances par le delegue proposal might be even more strongly urged in favour of theamericain en faveur de sa proposition vaudraient a plus forte German proposal, which went further. For the momentraison pour la proposition allemande, qui va plus loin. Pour he would merely emphasise the importance of prohibiting

La proposition de la delegation du Royautne-Uni est ainsi con~ue: The resolution submitted by the British delegation was as follows:

( La Conference declare que, sans prejudice des autres proposi- " Without prejudice to other proposals which fall to be discussed

tions qui devront etre discutees sous les rubriques suivantes de under later heads of the Agenda, the Conference declares its approval

l'ordre du jour, elle accepte le principe du d6sarmement qualitatif, of the principle of qualitative disarmament-i.e. the selection of

c'est-i-dire le choix de certaines categories ou de certains types certain classes or descriptions of weapons with a view to prohibiting

d'armes dont la detention ou l'usage serait interdit i tous les Etats by international convention their possession or use by any State."

par la voie d'une convention internationale. »

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le moment, le delegue de l'Allemagne se borne a souligner all military and naval aviation both from the point of viewl'importance de la prohibition de toute aviation militaire et of security and world economy. The unilateral prohibitionnavale, du point de vue de la securite et de 1'economie. La of military air weapons had put the disarmed States in aprohibition unilaterale de l'arme aerienne a mis les Etats oondition of insecurity which was not compatible with thedesarmes dans une position d'insecurite qui n'est pas compa- provisions of Article 8 of the Covenant. The German delegationtible avec les dispositions de l'article 8 du Pacte. La delega- was ready to support other prohibitions, going even furthertion allemande est disposee a s'associer a d'autres prohibitions than its own proposals, on condition that they applied to allallant plus loin que ses propres propositions, a condition States.qu'elles s'appliquent a tons les Etats.

Le moment n'est pas venu d'examiner la proposition tendant The time had not come to examine the proposal that certaina tenir certaines categories d'armes offensives a la disposition categories of offensive arms should be placed at the exclusiveexclusive de la Societe; le delegue de l'Allemagne veut seule- service of the League. He would only say that he had thement dire maintenant qu'il a l'impression qu'une telle mesure impression that such a measure could hardly be regarded as ane pourrait guere 6tre considere comme une vraie mesure de real measure of disarmament. He supported the Britishdesarmement. Il adhere a la proposition britannique, tout en proposal, merely making a reservation to the effect that the merefaisant cette reserve que la simple interdiction de l'usage prohibition of the use of aggressive weapons could hardly bed'armes agressives ne peut guere etre presentee comme une regarded as a disarmament measure.mesure de desarmement.

L'Allemagne et d'autres pays out montre par leur exemple Germany and other countries had shown by their examplequ'il etait pratiquement possible d'abolir toutes les armes that it was in practice possible to abolish all aggressive weapons.agressives; ces pays ont donc fait un grand pas dans la voie Those countries had accordingly taken an important step towardsdu desarmement. I1 ne s'agit plus d'une mesure comportant disarmament. A measure providing for the individual treat-le traitement individuel prevu a l'article 8 du Pacte, mais ment contemplated in Article 8 of the Covenant would no longerplutot d'une mesure generale, et la delegation allemande, meet the case. A general measure was required and the Germandans un esprit de collaboration sincere aux debats de la delegation, in a spirit of sincere collaboration and in theConference et dans l'interet d'un desarmement aussi large interests of as wide a disarmament as possible, wished to declareque possible et indispensable, declare qu'elle considere l'inter- that it regarded the prohibition of offensive weapons as andiction des armes offensives comme une partie essentielle de essential part of the common task. It was now for the otherl'oeuvre commune. Ies autres pays sont maintenant appeles countries to decide whether or not they wished to take thata decider si, oui ou non, ils veulent faire ce pas decisif dans decisive step towards disarmament.le domaine du desarmement.

M. CHOUMENKOVITCH (Yougoslavie) presente sous la forme M. CHOUMENKOVITCH .(Yugoslavia) presented an amendedci-apres la proposition yougoslave, precedemment formulee en form of the Yugoslav proposal previously formulated byd'autres termes par M. Marinkovitch: M. Marinkovitch:

((Vu la discussion sur la limitation qualitative des " In view of the discussion on the qualitative limitationarmements; of armaments;

( Considerant que la suppression immediate de certaines " Seeing that the immediate abolition of certain cate-categories d'armements serait de nature a influer sur la gories of armaments would be likely to exert an influencesecurite generale et la securite de chaque Etat; on general security and the security of each State;

" Considerant que la suppression pure et simple de "Seeing that the mere abolition of certain other catego-certaines autres categories d'armements pourrait creer ries of armaments might create inequality as betweenune inegalite entre les Etats ayant une industrie lourde et States possessing heavy industries and those which do notceux qui n'en ont pas; possess such industries;

( Considerant qu'il ne suffit pas de supprimer certains " Seeing that it would not be sufficient to abolish certainmoyens de guerre ou d'en interdire simplement l'emploi, means of warfare or merely to prohibit their use, but thatmais qu'il est tout particulierement necessaire d'avoir i it is absolutely essential to possess effective sanctions incet egard des sanctions efficaces, this respect,

((La Commission generale prend la resolution contenantThe General Commission adopts a resolution em-les principes suivants: bodying the following principles:

(io L'abolition de tous les vaisseaux de guerre de "I. The abolition of all warships of all categoriestoutes les categories, y compris les sous-marins a grand including submarines having a large range of action.rayon d'action. Sont exceptes les vaisseaux necessaires Vessels required for defending the coasts of the homei la defense des c6tes de la metropole ou des colonies, country or colonies and to ensure the policing of the seasainsi qu'a la police maritime. shall be excepted.

( 20 L'obligation de tous les Etats signataires de "2. The obligation for all signatory States to limitlimiter a leur etat actuel: Io l'artillerie lourde, 20 les at their present level: (I) Heavy artillery, (2) Tanks.chars d'assaut (tanks).

(( Ces instruments de guerre seraient sous le controle "These implements of war should be under thepermanent et direct de la Societe des Nations. Dans le permanent and direct control of the League of Nations.cas ou les hostilites surgiraient entre deux Etats signa- If hostilities break out between two signatory States,taires, le Conseil de la Societe des Nations aurait le the Council of the League should be entitled to requi-droit de proceder, aupres de tous les Etats signataires, sition from all the signatory States a proportion of thesei une requisition d'une partie de ces instruments de implements of war to be specified in the Convention,guerre, i determiner par la Convention, et de les mettre and to place them at the disposal of the State recog-i la disposition de l'Etat reconnu victime de l'agression. nised as being the victim of aggression.

((30 L'interdiction de l'emploi et de la preparation "3. The prohibition of aerial bombardment anddu bombardement aerien et de la guerre chimique et chemical and bacteriological warfare and preparationbacteriologique, meme en cas de legitime defense. Si, for the same, even in the case of legitimate defence. If,en cas d'hostilites, l'une des parties transgressait cette in the case of hostilities, any one party ignores thisobligation, le Conseil de la Societe des Nations serait obligation, the Council of the League of Nations shalltenu ai la mettre au ban du monde civilise. Dans ce be bound to outlaw it from the community of civiliseddernier cas, tous les Etats signataires seraient tenus a nations. In such case, all the signatory States shallsecourir militairement l'Etat victime de la transgression. be bound to afford military aid to the State victim of

..... aggression.

((La Commission generale invite les Commissions "The General Commission invites the competenttechniques competentes i edlaborer et a lui soumettre, a technical commissions to prepare and submit to it for thiscet effet, les plans et les textes necessaires. ) purpose the necessary plans and texts."

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La proposition yougoslave vise les armes dites agressives et The Yugoslav proposal referred to weapons described astend a accomplir, dans ce domaine, ce que l'on appelle la aggressive and was intended to bring about in regard to themlimitation et la reduction qualitatives. En outre, elle fait une what was called a qualitative limitation and reduction. Itdiscrimination entre ces moyens de guerre, suivant leur nature, distinguished between these weapons of war according to theiret selon trois principes: a) principe d'efficacite reelle de la character on the basis of three principles: (a) principle of thesuppression; b) principe du controle; c) principe de l'egalite real effectiveness of the suppression; (b) principle of supervisiondes Etats a l'egard des obligations qu'ils ont a assumer par suite and (c) principle of the equality of States in respect of the obli-des engagements internationaux. gations assumed as the result of international engagements.II y a des armes agressives dont la suppression immediate There were aggressive weapons whose suppression wouldest vraiment efficace, par exemple les batiments de guerre a be immediate and really effective, as for example, warshipsgrand rayon d'action, mentionnes au paragraphe I de la propo- with a wide range of action mentioned in paragraph I of thesition yougoslave. Leur suppression est facile a controler et, Yugoslav proposal. Their suppression was easy to control and,une fois cette suppression accomplie, tous les Etats se trouvent once they were suppressed, every State would be in a positiondans une situation d'egalite parfaite. of complete equality.II n'en est pas de meme avec l'artillerie lourde et les chars Such was not the case with heavy artillery and tanksd'assaut, mentionnes au paragraphe 2. Leur suppression ne mentioned in the second paragraph. Their suppression couldpeut pas etre considere comme efficace parce que leur recons- not be regarded as effective because their reconstruction didtruction ne presente pas de difficultes serieuses; on peut not present any serious difficulties. They could easily escapefacilement les soustraire au controle; enfin, les Etats possedant supervision and States with the necessary industries for theirl'industrie necessaire a cette reconstruction se trouveraient reconstruction would have the advantage over States whichdans un etat de superiorite par rapport aux Etats qui ne pos- had no such industries. The only means of remedying thesesedent pas cette industrie. Le seul moyen de remedier aI ces defects was not to suppress these weapons materially butdifficultes est, non pas de supprimer materiellement ces engins to permit their use only in definite cases and with the authorityde guerre, mais de ne les employer que dans des cas determines of the League.

et avec lautorisation de la Societe.La troisieme categorie, qui comprend les moyens de guerre The third category, which included methods of chemical andchimique et bacteriologique et les engins de bombardement bacteriological warfare and bombardment from the air, pre-aerien, presente les memes inconvenients que les moyens de la sented the same difficulties as those falling within the seconddeuxieme categorie, mais ici entre en ligne de compte un nouvel category. Here, however, a new factor would have to bedlement d'appreciation: ces engins de guerre et leur emploi considered. These weapons and their use gave rise to a senti-provoquent un sentiment de revolte dans le monde civilise. Dans ment of abhorrence among civilised nations. In a speech onson discours du ii avril, auquel le delegue yougoslave rend April IIth, to which he desired to pay a tribute, Mr. Gibsonhommage, M. Gibson relevait l'objection que l'on pourrait faire had referred to an objection which might be raised to hisa sa proposition, a savoir que les engagements qu'il preconise proposal-namely, that the undertakings which he contem-ne sont pas accompagnes de sanctions et pourraient etre facile- plated were not accompanied by sanctions and might easily be

ment violes. Le delegue americain repondait que de telles violated. The American delegate had replied that such viola-violations content trop cher au coupable, qu'il faut avoir tions would cost the guilty party too dear; that it was necessaryconfiance dans le respect des traites, que le risque resultant to have confidence in the respect for treaties; that the riskd'une violation eventuelle est moins grand que le risque actuel resulting from a possible violation was not so great as theet qu'il faut l'accepter dans l'interet de la paix. Ces considera- present risk and that it was necessary to accept that risk in thetions ne sont pas de nature a calmer les inquietudes. De telles interests of peace. Those considerations were not calculatedviolations couteraient plus cher encore aux innocents et, si l'on to remove misgivings. Such violations would cost the innocentest souvent oblige d'accepter certains risques, il y en a un que even more dearly than the guilty and, though it might often bel'humanite repousse, c'est precisement ce risque de guerre necessary to accept certain risks, there was one risk which waschimique et bacteriologique. Des sanctions sont done ici tout abhorrent to humanity-namely, that arising from chemicalparticulierement necessaires: le Conseil de la Societe devrait and bacteriological warfare. Sanctions were in this fieldmettre au ban du monde civilise l'Etat qui transgresserait particularly necessary. The Council of the League shouldl'engagement de ne pas recourir a ces moyens de guerre et tous outlaw any State which transgressed an undertaking not toles Etats signataires seraient tenus de secourir militairement resort to such methods of war and all signatory States shouldl'Etat victime de cette transgression. be bound to give military assistance to a State which was avictim of such a transgression.

En terminant, le delegue yougoslave dit que c'est toujours In conclusion, he would state that the question at issuela question de la securite, telle qu'elle est prevue par Particle 8 was always one of security as defined in Article 8 of the Cove-du Pacte, qui domine le point de vue de son gouvernement. nant, on which the point of view of his Government was based.II ajoute que les suppressions prevues par la resolution yougo- He would add that the suppressions contemplated by theslave devraient etre entourees de garanties speciales d'ordre Yugoslav resolution should be surrounded by special politicalpolitique. II pense que les explications qu'il a donnees repondent guarantees. He thought that the explanations which he hadaux remarques du delegue du Royaume-Uni. La proposition given met the observations of the delegate of the Unitedyougoslave parait compliquee, elle souleve plusieurs problemes, Kingdom. The Yugoslav proposal might appear to be compli-mais cela tient a la nature de l'objet en discussion. cated. It raised several problems, but this was an inevitable

result of the nature of the subject under discussion.

M. GRANDI (Italie) declare adherer entierement au projet M. GRANDI (Italy) said he associated himself entirely withde resolution et aux idees directrices de la delegation du the draft resolution and the governing principles submittedRoyaume-Uni. La delegation italienne a deja fait ressortir by the delegation of the United Kingdom. The Italian dele-l'importance qu'elle attache a la methode qualitative de reduc- gation had already emphasised the importance which it atta-tion et de limitation: c'est une methode a la fois simple et ched to the qualitative method of reduction and limitation.efficace d'application d'une mesure generale qui, une fois It was a method which was both simple and effective in appli-adoptde, peut etre appliquee d'une facon uniforme a tous les cation, being a general measure which, once adopted, might bepays. Elle peut faciliter d'une facon decisive la solution du uniformly applied to all countries. It would decisively facilitateprobleme de la limitation quantitative et permet d'aborder le the problem of quantitative limitation and would enable theprobleme du desarmement par le cote qui presente les possi- problem of disarmament to be approached from the side whichbilites de succes les plus pratiques et les plus immediates. I1 presented the most practical and immediate possibilities ofs'agit, en ce moment, de se prononcer sur un principe, mais non success. The important point at that moment was to take apas encore sur les methodes de son application. C'est apres decision on the principle but not yet on the methods of itsl'avoir adopte qu'on pourra examiner avec tout l'ampleur application. It was only after having adopted the principle thatndcessaire les differentes methodes proposees et ii semble au it would be possible to examine with all the necessary detaildelegue de l'Italie que, sur le principe lui-meme, la Commission the various methods proposed and it seemed to him that, on thegenerale puisse arriver aisement a une manifestation unanime. principle itself, the General Commission might easily arrive

at a unanimous expression of opinion,

Sir Thomas Mason WILFORD (Nouvelle-Zelande) declare Sir Thomas Mason WILFORD (New Zealand) supported the

adherer au projet de resolution du delegue du Royaume-Uni. draft resolution of the delegate of the United Kingdom.

La suite de la discussion est ajournee. The continuation of the discussion was adjourned.

III. COMMISSION DES DEPENSES DE DEFENSE III. COMMISSION ON NATIONAL DEFENCE

NATIONALE: COMITI TECHNIQUE. EXPENDITURE: TECHNICAL COMMITTEE.

Le Comite technique de la Commission des depenses de The Technical Committee of the Commission on National

defense nationale s'est reuni hier mercredi 20 avril, sous la Defence Expenditure met again yesterday, Wednesday,

pr6sidence de M. RADULESCO (Roumanie). April 2oth, under the Chairmanship of M. RADULESCO(Roumania).

Le Comite a adopte le reglement de procedure ci-dessous The Committee has adopted the following rules of procedurepour l'examen des renseignements fournis par les gouverne- for the examination of information supplied by the Govern-

ments relativement a leurs depenses de defense nationale: ments with regard to their expenditure on national defence:

( I. Le Comite examinera la documentation fournie par "I. The Committee will examine the documentstoutes les Puissances representees a la Conference. supplied by all the Powers represented at the Conference.

II. Le Comite procedera en premier lieu, autant que "II. The Committee will first of all proceed, as far as

possible, a l'examen de la documentation fournie par les possible, to examine the documents supplied by the Powers

Puissances representees au Comite. represented on the Committee.(( La d6terminatibn de la premiere Puissance representee The first Power represented on the Committee to have

au Comite dont les documents seront examines se fera its documents examined will be determined by the drawing

par tirage au sort. Les documents des autres Puissances of lots. The documents of the other Powers representedrepresent6es au Comite seront examines dans l'ordre on the Committee will be examined in alphabetical order

alphabetique determine par le tirage au sort. as determined by the drawing of lots.

((III. Le Comite procedera ensuite a l'examen de la "III. The Committee will then examine the documents

documentation fournie par les Puissances non representees of the Powers not represented on the Committee. The first

au Comit6. Power not represented on the Committee whose documents(( La determination de la premiere Puissance non repre- are to be examined will be determined by the drawing of

sentee au Comite dont les documents seront examines se lots. The documents of the other Powers not represented

fera par tirage au sort. Les documents des autres Puis- on the Committee will be examined in alphabetical order

sances non representees au Comite seront examinees dans as determined by the drawing of lots.l'ordre alphabetique determine par le tirage au sort.

((IV. Si, avant le tirage au sort, une ou plusieurs "IV. If, before lots are drawn, one or several Powers,

Puissances representees ou non au Comite se declarent dis- whether represented on the Committee or not, declare their

posees a soumettre leur documentation a l'examen du willingness to submit their documents for the Committee's

Comite, celui-ci pourra decider de commencer par l'examen examination, the latter may decide to begin with the

de la documentation de la ou desdites Puissances. examination of the documents of the said Power or Powers.

((V. Pour assurer la simultaneite de l'echange des docu- "V. In order to ensure the simultaneous exchange of

ments, un Sous-Comite compose de deux membres prendra documents, a sub-committee, consisting of two members,

connaissance des documentations deposees par les Puis- will examine the documents sent in by the Powers repre-

sances representees a la Conference pour etablir si les sented at the Conference, in order to determine whetherdocumentation demandees par le Comite sont completes the information requested by the Committee is complete

et de nature a permettre de commencer leur examen. and is such as to permit of its examination being begun.

((VI. Les membres du Comite sont pries de faire par- "VI. By a date to be fixed by the Bureau of the

venir par ecrit au Bureau du Comite, a une date qui, Committee for each Power, the members of the Committee

pour chaque Puissance, sera fixee par le Bureau, leurs are requested to send to the Bureau, in writing, their

observations relatives a la documentation de la Puissance observations on the documents of the Power in question.

designee.

((VII. Toutes les delegations non representees au Comite "VII. All delegations not represented on the Committee

sont invitees a faire parvenir au Bureau, si elles le desirent, are requested to send to the Bureau any observations theyleurs observations a la date prevue sous VI. may desire to make, before the date indicated under VI.

((VIII. Le Bureau centralise par Puissances les obser- "VIII. The Bureau will receive and classify by Powersvations revues et procede a leur classement; il les fait the observations submitted and will then send them to theparvenir aux delegations interessees. delegations concerned.

(( Les observations revues apres le d6lai fixe par le " Observations received after the date fixed by the

Bureau, ainsi qu'il est prevu sous VI et VII, ne seront Bureau, as stipulated in VI and VII, will not be transmittedplus transmises aux delegations interessees. to the delegations concerned.

((IX. Dans un delai de dix jours a partir de la remise " IX. Within a time limit of ten days as from thedes observations, la delegation intdressee fait tenir au handing-in of the observations, the delegation concernedBureau, par ecrit, ses reponses auxdites observations. will send to the Bureau its reply to these observations in

writing.

(( X. Copie des observations transmises par le Bureau "X. Copies of the observations transmitted by the

ainsi que des reponses des delegations auxdites observa- Bureau and of the replies of the delegations to the saidtions sera distribuee par le Bureau aux membres du Comite. observations will be circulated by the Bureau to the

members of the Committee.

((XI. Dans un delai suffisant pour permettre aux "XI. At the end of a period sufficient to enable the

membres de Comite d'etudier les observations et les members of the Committee to study the observations and

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reponses, le Bureau convoquera le Comite pour une dis- replies, the Bureau will summon the Committee for acussion de 1'ensemble de la documentation fournie par discussion of the whole of the information supplied by aune Puissance determinee. given Power.(( Les delegations non' representes au Comit seront " The delegations not represented on the Committeeinvitees, lorsque leur tour viendra, a envoyer au Comite, will be requested, when their turn comes, to send to thepour prendre part a la discussion de leur documentation, Committee a delegate, assisted, if he so desires, by one orun representant assiste, s'il le desire, d'un ou plusieurs several experts, to take part in the discussion on theirexperts. documents.

((XII. Le Comite pourra proceder a un deuxieme " XII. The Committee may proceed -to a secondexamen de la documentation des Puissances pour les- examination of the documents of Powers in the case ofquelles il estimera une telle procedure necessaire. which it may deem such a course necessary. "

Conformement a ce reglement de procedure, le Comite a The Committee in application of the rules of procedure hasdecide en principe d'examiner dans l'ordre ci-apres la docu- decided in principle that the documents of the various countriesmentation des diffdrents pays representes a la Conference: represented at the Conference shall be examined in the

following order:

A. Puissances representdes au Comite technique. A. Powers represented on the Technical Committee.

I. Suisse 7. Rouamnie I. Switzerland 7. Roumania2. Royaume-Uni 8. U. R. S.S. 2. United Kingdom 8. U S. S. R.3. Allemagne 9. Etats-Unis 3. Germany 9. United States4. Suede to. France : 4. Sweden Io. France5. Japon II. Italie 5. Japan II. Italy6. Pologne6. Poland

B. Puissances non reprdsentees au Comite technique. B. Powers not represented on the Technical Committee.

2 . Cuba 37. Pou 2. Cuba 37 PeruI3. Danemark 38. Perse I3. Denmark 38. PersialI4. RepublqueDominicaine 39. Portugal I4. Dominican Republic 39. PortugalI5. Egypte 40. Siam I5. Egypt 40. SiamI6. Espagne 41. Tchecoslovaquie i6. Spain 4I. CzechoslovakiaI7. Estonie 42. Turquie I7. Estonia 42. TurkeyI8. Ethiopie 43. Uruguay i8. Abyssinia 43. UruguayI9., Finlande 44. Venezuela 19. Finland 44. Venezuela20. Grece 45. Yougoslavie 20. Greece 45. Yugoslavia2I. Guatemala 46. Afghanistan 2I. Guatemala 46. Afghanistan22. Haiti 47. Afrique du Sud 22. Haiti 47. SouthAfrica23 Hedjaz et Nejd 48. Albanie 23. Hejaz and Nejd 48. Albania24. Honduras 49. Republique Argentine 24. Honduras 49. Argentine Republic25. Hongrie 5. Australie 25. Hungary 50. Australia26. Inde 5I. Autriche 26. India 5I. Austria27. Etat libre d'Irlande 52. Belgique 27. Irish Free State 52. Belgium28. Lettonie 53. Bolivie 28. Latvia 53 Bolivia29. Liberia 54. Bresil 29. Liberia 54. Brazil30. Lithuanie 55. Bulgarie 30. Lithuania -55. Bulgaria3I. Luxembourg 56. Canada 3I. Luxemburg 56. Canada32. Mexique 57. Chili 32. Mexico 57. Chile33. Norvege 58. Chine 33. Norway 58. China34. Nouvelle-Zelande 59. Colombie 34. New Zealand 59. Colombia35. Panama 60. Costa-Rica 35. Panama 60. Costa Rica36. Pays-Bas 36. Netherlands

L'examen commencera donc par la documentation de la Thus, the first documents to be examined will be those ofSuisse et du Royaume-Uni qui, avant le tirage au sort, se Switzerland and the United Kingdom who, before the drawingsont declares prets, avec I'Allemagne et la Suede, a soumettre of lots, stated that they were prepared, as also were Germanyleur documentation a l'examen du Comite (voir l'article IV and Sweden, to submit their documentation to the Committeedu reglement de procedure). for examination (see Article IV of the Rules of Procedure).

Conformdment a l'article VII du reglement de procedure, In conformity with Article VII of the rules of procedureles autres delegations sont, des maintenant, invitees a presenter other delegations are invited forthwith to submit, if they sosi elles le ddsirent, leurs observations au sujet de la documen- desire, their observations on the documents supplied bytation de la Suisse et:du Royaume-Uni. Ces observations Switzerland and the United Kingdom. These observationsdevront parvenir au bureau du Comite technique (chambre should reach the Bureau of the Technical Committee (Room112 B,.Secr6tariat), au plus-tard le Io mai prochain, a I8 heures. II2 B, Secretariat) not later than May Ioth at 6 p.m.

Le Comite technique poursuivra sa tache chaque jour, de The Technical Committee will continue its work daily uponla maniere indiqude ci-dessus; le Journal de la Conference the lines indicated and communications will be made frompubliera de temps / autre un communique sur l'etat des time to time in the Journal as to the progress achieved.travaux..

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IV. COMMISSION POLITIQUE: SOUS-COMITE DE LA IV. POLITICAL COMMISSION: SUB-COMMITTEE

COMMISSION POUR LE DESARMEMENT MORAL. OF THE COMMITTEE ON MORAL DISARMAMENT.

Le Sous-Comite de la Commission pour le desarmement The Sub-Committee of the Committee on Moral Disarmamentmoral s'est reuni hier mercredi 20 avril, pour poursuivre met yesterday Wednesday, April 20th, at 3.30 p.m. to givel'examen de la question de l'ordre du jour de la Commission. further consideration to the question of the Committee's

Agenda.Le Sous-Comite se reunira de nouveau samedi 23 avril, It will meet again on Saturday, April 23rd, at 9.30 a.m. to

a g h. 30, pour discuter le rapport qu'il soumettra a la consider the report to be presented to the Committee.Commission.

V. COMMISSION PERMAMENTE CONSULTATIVE POUR V. PERMANENT ADVISORY COMMISSION FOR

LES QUESTIONS MILITAIRES, NAVALES MILITARY, NAVAL AND AIR QUESTIONS.ET AERIENNES.

La Commission permanente consultative pour les questions The Permanent Advisory Commission for Military, Navalmilitaires, navales et aeriennes, s'est reunie hier mercredi and Air Questions met yesterday, Wednesday, April 2oth,

20 avril, sous la presidence de l'amiral VON FREYBERG (Alle- under the Chairmanship of Admiral VON FREYBERG (Germany).magne).

La Commission a aborde l'etude d'un projet de reglement The Commission began the examination of a system ofpour les commissions de surveillance visees a l'article 4 de la draft regulations for the supervisory commissions contemplatedConvention generale en vue de developper les moyens de in Article 4 of the General Convention to Improve the Meansprevenir la guerre. of Preventing War.

VI. SIGNATURES ET RATIFICATIONS D'ACCORDS VI. SIGNATURES AND RATIFICATIONS OF

INTERNATIONAUX. INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS.

Son Excellence le Ministre des Affaires etrangeres des His Excellency the Netherlands Minister for Foreign AffairsPays-Bas a fait savoir au Secretariat que le Gouvernement notified the Secretariat that the Netherlands Governmentneerlandais entend rendre applicable a Curasao la Convention intends to apply to Curacao the Convention for the Abolitionpour l'abolition des prohibitions et restrictions a l'importation of Import and Export Prohibitions and Restrictions (Geneva,et a l'exportation (Geneve, 8 novembre 1927). November 8th, 1927).

Le Gouvernement neerlandais s'engage, en ce qui concerne The Netherlands Government undertakes to extend, asCuracao, 'a etendre vis-h-vis de toute autre Haute Partie regards Curagao, towards any other High Contracting Partycontractante acceptant la mgme obligation, l'application des accepting the same obligation, the application of the provisionsdispositions de l'alinea 3 de larticle 8 de ladite Convention of paragraph 3 of Article 8 of the Convention to all disputesa tout differend pouvant surgir au sujet de l'interpretation which may arise on the subject of the interpretation or theou de l'application des dispositions de la presente Convention, application of the provisions of the said Convention, includingy compris les articles 4, 5 et 6, que le differend soit ou non Articles 4, 5 and 6, whether or no the dispute be of a legald'ordre juridique. character.

Gette notification a ete regue au Secretariat le I8 avril I932. This notification was received by the Secretariat onApril I8th, I932.

VII. LISTE DES DOCUMENTS DISTRIBUSS VII. LIST OF DOCUMENTS DISTRIBUTED TO

A LA CONFIRENCE. THE CONFERENCE.

I. A toute la Conference: I. To the Conference:

Journal de la Conference, No 50. Journal of the Conference, No. 50.

C.95.M.47.I932.VII. Etude au sujet de la situation en C.95.M.47.I932.VIII. Situation in regard to Publicity of(Conf.D.53.) matiere de publicite de l'aero- (Conf.D.53) Civil Aviation and Collection of2 e Addendum. nautique civile et Recueil des 2nd Addendum. Provisions in Force concerning

dispositions en vigueur tou- the Exchange or Publication ofchant l'echange ou la publicite Information relating to Civilde renselgnements relatifs a Aviation.l'aeronautique civile.

2. A la Commission generale: 2. To the General Commission:

Conf.D/C.G./24. Ordre du jour de la Commission Conf.D/C.G./24. Agenda of the General Commis-generale - Article I, II a) b): sion: Article I, II (a) (b): Reso-Resolution proposee par le lution proposed by the DraftingComite de redaction. Committee.

• .. . . .. . . . -----.—415 -I

Conf.D/G.G./25. Ordre du jour de la Commission Conf.D/C.G./25. Agenda of the General Commis-generale - Article , III a) b): sion: Article i, III (a) (b):Projet de resolution presente Draft resolution submitted bypar la delegation du Royaume the delegation of the Kingdomde Yougoslavie. of Yugoslavia.

Conf.D/C.G./26. Ordre du jour de la Commission Conf.D/C.G./26. Agenda of the General Commis-generale - Article I, III: Pro- sion: Article I, III: Draftjet de resolution presente par la Resolution of the United King-delegation du Royaume-Uni. dom delegation.

Conf.D/C.G./P.V.I 3. Proces-verbal provisoire de la Gonf.D/C.G./P.V.I3. Provisional Minutes of the thir-treizieme seance. teenth meeting.

3. A la Commission navale: 3. To the Naval Commission:

Conf.D/C.N./I 7. Commission navale: Note du Conf.D/C.N./I7. Naval Commission: Note by thePresident. President.

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SOCIETE DES NATIONS LEAGUE OF NATIONS

CONFERENCEPOUR LA FOR THE

REDUCTION ET LIMITATION DES ARMEMENTSREDUCTION AND LIMITATION OF ARMAMENTS

JURNALGENtVE 1932 GENEVA 1932

No 52. VENDREDI 22 AVRIL 932. No. 52.- FRIDAY, APRIL 22ND, I932.

COMMUNICATIONS A LA REDACTION DU JOURNAL COMMUNICATIONS TO THE EDITOR OF THEDE LA CONFERENCE. CONFERENCE JOURNAL.

Les communiques et informations a inserer dans le Journal Material to be included in the Journal should be addresseddoivent 6tre adresses A M. John Palmer, redacteur en chef, to the Editor, Mr. John Palmer, Room 7Io, Committeebureau 7Io, Batiment des Commissions. Building.

Note: Le Journal est publie pour la commodite de MM. les Note: The Journal is issued for the convenience of the delegatesdelegues et du public. On n'y trouvera pas un compte rendu and the public. It is not intended to serve as a complete andcomplet et definitif des seances de la Conference et des Commis- permanent record of the discussions which take place in thesions; il ne doit donc pas etre employe comme source de documen- Conference and its Commissions, and it should not therefore betation. Au surplus, si l'on veut qu'il paraisse trWs exactement, used for purposes of reference. Moreover, if it is to appearil ne saurait donner autre chose qu'un resume sommaire des promptly, it cannot give more than a brief summary of thediscussions. discussions.

SOMMAIRE. CONTENTS.Pages Page

I. Programme des seances ............... 417 I. Programme of Meetings ............... . 417II. Commission g6n6rale: Quinzieme s6ance ........ 418 II. General Commission: Fifteenth Meeting ....... 4I8

III. Signatures et ratifications d'accords internationaux . . . 424 III. Signatures and Ratifications of International Agreements. . 424

IV. Liste des documents distribues f la Conf6rence . .... 425 IV. List of Documents distributed to the Conference ..... 425

I. PROGRAMME DES SEANCES. I. PROGRAMME OF MEETINGS.

Commission generale. General Commission.

Il y aura seance pleniere de la Commission generale aujourd'hui There will be a public meeting of the General Commission22 avril, a Io heures, au Batiment des Commissions (salle G), to-day, Friday, April 22nd, at io a.m. in the Committee Buildingsi les travaux de la Commission generale le permettent. (Room G) if the work of the General Commission permits.

-4It -: . . . .'—- 41^ — _____________________________________________

Ordre du jour: Agenda:

Article I (suite de la discussion). (Document Conf.D/Io3.) ArticleI (Continuation of discussion) . (Document Conf.D/Io3).

III. a) Application simultanee de la limitation quan- III. (a) Simultaneous application of a quantitative andtitative et de la limitation qualitative par qualitative limitation by the prohibition ofinterdiction de certains materiels ou de certain material or of certain categories ofcertaines categories d'armements; armaments;

b) Interdiction de certains materiels, sauf sous (b) Prohibition of certain material except undercertaines conditions. (Documents Conf.D./ certain conditions. (Documents Conf.D./C.G.C.G.25, 26 et 27.) 25, 26 and 27.)

IV. Reduction sous condition des mesures a prendre IV. Reduction subject to measures to be taken indans le domaine de l'organisation de la paix. regard to the organisation of peace:

Conditions politiques: Political Conditions:

a) Mise a la disposition de la Societe des (a) Placing at the disposal of the League ofNations de certains materiels, etc.; Nations of certain material, etc.;

b) Creation d'une force internationale. (b) Creation of an international force.

Conditions juridiques: Juridical Conditions:

a) Organisation de l'arbitrage; (a) Organisation of arbitration;b) Assistance mutuelle; (b) Mutual assistance;c) Sanctions; (c) Sanctions;d) Readaptation du regime international. (d) Re-adaptation of the international

regime.

Commission permanente consultative pour les questions militaires, Permanent Advisory Commission for Military, Naval and Airnavales et aeriennes. Questions.

La Commission permanente consultative se reunira aujourd'hui The Permanent Advisory Commission will meet to-day,vendredi 22 avril, a I6 heures, au Batiment des Commissions Friday, April 22nd, at 4 p.m. in the Committee Building(salle H). (Room H).

Commission des depenses de defense nationale: Comite technique. National Defence Expenditure Commission: Technical Committee.

Le Comite technique se reunira aujourd'hui vendredi 22 avril, The Technical Committee will meet privately to-day, Friday,a 15 h. 30, au Batiment des Commissions (salle M). April 22nd, at 3.30 p.m. in the Committee Building (Room M).

II. COMMISSION GENERALE: QUINZIEME SEANCE. II. GENERAL COMMISSION: FIFTEENTH MEETING.

La Commission generale s'est reunie hier jeudi 2I avril, a The General Commission met yesterday, Thursday, Aprilio heures, sous la presidence de M. Arthur HENDERSON. 2ISt, at Io a.m. under the Chairmanship of Mr. Arthur

HENDERSON.

ARTICLE I DU PROJET DE CONVENTION (suite). ARTICLE I OF THE DRAFT CONVENTION (continuation).

III. a) Application simultanee de la limitation quan- III. (a) Simultaneous application of a quantitativetitative et de la limitation qualitative par and qualitative limitation by the prohi-interdiction de certains materiels ou de bition of certain material or of certaincertaines categories d'armements. categories of armaments;

b) Interdiction de certains materiels, sauf sous (b) Prohibition of certain material except undercertaines conditions. certain conditions.

Sir George PERLEY (Canada) appuie la resolution proposee Sir George PERLEY (Canada) supported the resolution sub-la veille par la delegation du Royaume-Uni. Cette resolution mitted at the previous meeting by the delegation of the Unitedcontient le principe du desarmement qualitatif, qui a ete Kingdom. That resolution embodied the principle of qualitativeappuye d'une facon positive par un grand nombre d'Etats et disarmament which had been actively supported by a largequi represente un progres tris net dans la voie de la limitation number of States and which constituted a definite advanceet de la reduction des armements. Elle part de cette idee qu'en in the limitation and reduction of armaments. It was basedaugmentant la capacite de defense d'un Etat contre une on the assumption that by increasing the ability of a State toattaque, on donnera a cet Etat la possibilit6 de reduire ses defend itself against attack, it would be possible for that Statearmements. Toute reduction generale des armements se tra- to decrease its armaments. Any general reduction of armamentsduira par un accroissement general de la confiance, accroisse- would mean a general increase of confidence, which would bement qui sera particulierement notable si la reduction se especially marked if reduction took the form of the abolitionpresente sous la forme de la suppression d'armes essentielle- of primarily offensive weapons.ment offensives.

II ne doit pas etre difficile aux experts techniques de la It should not be difficult for the technical advisers of theConference de dresser une liste des armes destinies tout d'abord Conference to establish a list of weapons designed primarilya l'offensive. Le delegue de la France avait soutenu que la for offensive use. The French delegate had argued that the

-49-

suppression des tanks et de l'artillerie lourde pourrait empecher abolition of tanks and heavy artillery might make it impossiblede repousser un envahisseur qui se serait installe en territoire to drive out an invader who had established himself on foreignetranger. On pourrait repondre que cet envahisseur n'aurait soil. To that it might be answered that the invader mightpeut-etre pas pu briser les lignes de defense du territoire en never have been able to break through the defences of thatquestion s'il n'avait pas eu d'abord en sa possession de telles territory if he had not possessed such weapons in the firstarmes. place.

En reduisant le pouvoir immediat d'agression des Etats, Reducing the immediate aggressive power of States wouldon renforcera les dispositions de l'article I2 du Pacte et celles strengthen the provisions of Article 12 of the Covenant anddes traites d'arbitrage qui prevoient une periode d'attente et of arbitration treaties which provided for a period of delayde discussion lorsqu'un conflit survient entre eux. Un Etat and discussion on the occasion of a dispute between them. Thequi aurait la tentation de recourir a la guerre en serait empeche temptation of a country to resort to war would be restrainednon seulement par ses obligations contractuelles, mais encore not only by its treaty obligations but by its lack of strikingparce qu'il manquerait de ce pouvoir ecrasant. power.

On a fait ressortir qu'un accord tendant a prohiber certaines It had been urged that an agreement to prohibit certainarmes pourrait etre elude et qu'il serait denue de valeur a weapons might be evaded and would be valueless unlessmoins d'etre accompagne d'un systeme de controle et de accompanied by a system of supervision and sanctions. Possi-sanction. Mais la possibilite d'eluder des engagements et la bility of evasion and difficulty of enforcement were, however,difficult6 de les appliquer sont des arguments que l'on peut" arguments which might be urged against any measure offaire valoir contre toute mesure de desarmement, et la Confe- disarmament and the Conference must assume that agreementsrence doit partir de l'hypothese que les accords auxquels on reached would be loyally and faithfully observed.aboutira seront observes loyalement et fidelement.

I1 est reconnu qu'il y a des difficultes quant a l'application Admittedly there were difficulties in the way of the practicalpratique du principe du desarmement qualitatif, mais la dele- application of the principle of qualitative disarmament, butgation canadienne est convaincue qu'avec de la bonne volonte the Canadian delegation was convinced that with goodwillces difficultes peuvent etre surmontees. those difficulties could be overcome.

M. COLBAN (Norvege) dit que la delegation norvegienne M. COLBAN (Norway) said that the Norwegian delegationappuie le principe du desarmement qualitatif, les questions supported the principle of qualitative disarmament, it beingd'application et de modalites pratiques devant, bien entendu, understood that questions of application and practical methodetre discut6es ulterieurement. II note egalement que le projet would be discussed at a later stage. He noted that the draftde resolution de la delegation du Royaume-Uni stipule expres- resolution of the delegation of the United Kingdom expresslysement que toutes les questions inscrites a l1ordre du jour de stipulated that all questions on the Agenda of the Commissionla Commission restent reservees. remained reserved.

M. PAUL-BONCOUR (France) dit que, s'il donne sa pleine M. PAUL-BONCOUR (France) said that, though he fullyadhesion au discours prononce la veille par sir John Simon, agreed with the speech made on the previous day by Sir Johnil ne parait pas possible a la delegation frangaise de se rallier Simon, it did not seem possible for the French delegation toa sa motion, tout au moins dans sa forme actuelle, qui n'apparait support the resolution which Sir John Simon had moved, atpas comme etant la conclusion exacte des paroles prononcees least in its existing form. The resolution did not appear topar le delegue du Royaume-Uni. form a logical conclusion to the observations made by the

delegate of the United Kingdom.La motion britannique contient d'abord une adhesion au The British resolution first declared approval of the principle

principe de la limitation qualitative et exprime d'une facon of qualitative limitation and expressed that idea clearly andnette et concise cette idee - a laquelle, d'ailleurs, le delegue concisely. He would remind the Commission that the delegatede la France avait ete seul a faire allusion devant la Com- of France had on the Preparatory Commission alluded to themission preparatoire, sans que celle-ci l'ait suivi. D'autre part, possibility of qualitative limitation and that the Preparatoryil ne faut pas oublier que les motions de principe que l'on Commission had not followed the lead of the French delegation.vote en ce moment ne prendront toute leur valeur que lorsque It must not be forgotten that the resolutions of principle tol'on remplira avec des chiffres les blancs dont parlait la veille be voted at the present stage of the Conference would onlysir John Simon. A ce moment, la delegation frangaise aura assume their full value when the time came to fill in withl'occasion de reprendre cette idee de la limitation qualitative. figures the blanks in the draft Convention, to which Sir JohnII n'y a donc pas d'equivoque possible: toutes les sympathies Simon had referred. The French delegation would at thatde la delegation francaise sont acquises a ce principe. Au moment have occasion to take up once again the idea of quali-surplus, dans ses propositions, la force internationale envisagee tative limitation. There could be no possible doubt as to theest fondee precisement sur l'attribution a l'organisme interna- attitude of the French delegation. It was in full sympathytional de certains armements particulierement puissants et with the principle at issue. The international force contemplatedqu'il depend des grandes nations d'abandonner au profit de in the French proposals was in point of fact based on thecet organisme charge de maintenir la securite en Europe. allocation to the international body of certain armaments

which were specially powerful and which the great nationswere asked to abandon to the organisation which would beentrusted with the maintenance of security in Europe.

Apres avoir montre les rapprochements possibles, le d6legue He felt it necessary, however, while emphasising the measurede la France croit necessaire d'indiquer les divergences. Il en of possible agreement on the question, to indicate also theexiste quant au regime special qu'il convient d'imposer a ces divergencies. There was a difference of opinion as to the specialarmements, les uns concluant a l'interdiction pure et simple, system which should be applied to the armaments in question.c'est-a-dire a la destruction, d'autres, comme la delegation Some delegations were in favour of a pure and simple prohi-frangaise, voulant les mettre au service de l'organisme inter- bition, in other words, of the destruction of such armaments.national. Or. M. Paul-Boncour ne croit pas que le texte de Others, like the French delegation, desired to put them atla motion du delegue du Royaume-Uni laisse intacte, comme the service of the international authority. He did not thinkcelui-ci l'a fait si nettement dans son discours, la possibilite that the British delegate in his proposal had left intact, as hede cette alternative. A partir du moment oh la Commission had so clearly done in his speech,, the possibility of choosinggenerale aurait adopte la motion dans son texte actuel, l'opi- between these two alternatives. If the General Commissionnion publique de la France aurait l'impression que le droit de adopted the British proposal as it stood, public opinion ince pays de faire valoir ses preferences pour la mise a la dispo- France would have the impression that the right of Francesition de la Societe des armements en question ne serait pas to urge her desire that the armaments in question should beintdgralement maintenu. placed at the disposal of the League had not been integrally

reserved.Si la delegation francaise tient i marquer si nettement sa The French delegation desired clearly to indicate its

preference, c'est d'abord pour une raison de politique generale: preference for that solution in the first place for reasons ofelle verrait la l'occasion de donner, a l'organisme charge de general policy. It saw here an opportunity of giving to thefaire regner l'ordre et la bonne entente entre les nations, la organisation whose duty it would be to secure order and good

- 420 -, j-i .j .- .- . I.. ..... .. . ... ~ 4 ·. ; . ;:;- ·..

force qui lui manque. Si la delegation frangaise a accepte understanding between nations the strength which it at presentvolontiers l'amendement allemand a la motion relative au lacked. The French delegation had unanimously accepted thepoint I, c'est parce que, souhaitant ardemment un niveau German amendment to the proposal on Item I because, ardentlyd'armements le plus bas possible, elle ne le concoit que par desiring to secure the lowest possible level of armaments, itrapport aux conditions fixees par l'article 8, qui est mentionne could only conceive such a level as being in relation to thedans cette motion, et elle ne manquera aucune occasion d'es- conditions fixed by Article 8, which was mentioned in thatsayer d'augmenter les garanties de securite internationale - car proposal, and it would not let slip any opportunity of endeavour-il ne s'agit pas de securite particuliere - afin de pouvoir ing to increase the guarantees of international security-forapporter des reductions plus importantes lors de l'acte final this was not a question of the special security of any particularde la Conference. Si la Commission generale adoptait une motion State-in order that more appreciable reductions might beecartant d'avance la possibilite de mettre ces armements a la achieved under the Final Act of the Conference. If the Generaldisposition de l'organisme international, cela signifierait que Commission adopted a resolution discarding in advance thel'on va detruire ce qui existe au lieu de fortifier cet organisme suggestion that armaments might be placed at the disposalen lui donnant la possibilite de se servir d'armements d'une of the international organisation, that decision would implypuissance reconnue ou tout au moins d'assurer, a l'Etat victime that existing armaments would be destroyed instead of beingd'une agression, un avantage substantiel par rapport a l'agres- used to strengthen the international authority by placing atseur. I1 y aurait la une contradiction flagrante avec les regles its disposal weapons of a recognised strength, or at any rate,deja adoptees sur l'assistance financiere a l'Etat injustement of ensuring to a State victim of aggression a substantialattaque et qui devrait evidemment devoir profiter de cette advantage in comparison with the aggressor. Such a solutionassistance financiere pour se procurer du materiel. Ce materiel would be in flagrant contradiction with the rules alreadyexiste; va-t-on refuser de le donner a la Societe pour qu'elle adopted in respect of financial assistance to States unjustlyen dispose ? attacked, which would obviously make use of such financial

assistance in order to procure material of war. That materialnow existed. Was it proposed that it should not be placedat the service of the League ?

La delegation franCaise a d'autre raisons, tirees de la consi- The French delegation had other reasons in mind, based onderation meme des armements en question. Pourquoi veut-on the consideration of the armaments themselves. Why was itleur faire un regime special ? Ce n'est pas pour humaniser la proposed to subject them to a special regime ? The aim wasguerre; on n'humanise pas la guerre, on la previent ou on not to humanise war. War would never be humanised. It mustla reprime. L'adhesion unanime a la limitation qualitative a be provided against or repressed. The unanimous acceptanced'autres racines. C'est d'abord que ces armements constituent, of the principle of qualitative limitation had other motives.pour ceux qui les detiennent, une superiorite; c'est ensuite First, those armaments constituted for those possessing themqu'ils sont les plus couteux. Cela demontre qu'une discrimi- an element of superiority. Moreover, they were the mostnation precise devra etre faite entre les armements en question. costly armaments. These considerations showed that a definiteLes motifs determinant ne valent pas d'une maniere egale discrimination would have to be made between the armamentspour ces armes diverses. Ils valent incontestablement pour in question. The governing motives did not equally apply tol'aviation de bombardement; ils sont deja plus complexes all the various weapons covered by the proposal. They cer-suivant les calibres et la portee de l'artillerie, mais M. Paul- tainly applied to bombing aeroplanes, but the problem wasBoncour ne peut comprendre comment on peut y faire entrer more complex when the calibres and range of heavy artilleryles chars d'assaut, dans lesquels il voit un organe d'accompa- came to be considered and he failed to understand how theygnement et de protection de l'infanterie, bien plut6t qu'un applied at all to tanks, which must be regarded as weaponsorgane de destruction a grand rayon d'assaut. Par consequent, used in support and for the protection of infantry rather thanla motion - sur laquelle le delegue de la France espere que for destruction over a long range. It would follow that thel'on pourra faire une manifestation unanime, apres les modi- resolution to be adopted, which he hoped might be unanimouslyfications necessaires - n'aura de valeur pratique que lorsque approved subject to the necessary amendments, would onlyles commissions techniques auront precise les armes a soumettre have practical value when the technical commissions hada un regime special et le regime a appliquer a chacune d'elles. defined the weapons to be subjected to a special system andPeut-etre meme y a-t-il, dans cette diversite inevitable, les the system to be applied to each of them. Perhaps the elementselements de la conciliation finale. of a final compromise were to be sought in this inevitable

diversity of the categories of arms under consideration.Restent deux preoccupations, qui ne sont pas seulement le There remained two important considerations, to which not

fait de la delegation frangaise, mais de tres nombreuses dele- only the French delegation but a considerable number ofgations. C'est d'abord un principe qui doit tout dominer parce delegations attached importance. First there was the principlequ'il a ete a la base de tous les travaux, c'est-a-dire l'inter- which would dominate the whole problem, since it was at thedependance des armements. C'est ensuite le contr6le, indis- basis of all the work of the Conference, of the interdependencepensable pour donner la certitude que les engagements pris of armaments. Secondly, there was the question of supervision,seront respectes. which was indispensable in order that there might be a guarantee

that the agreements made would be respected.Cependant, le fait que la motion britannique souleve des Nevertheless, the fact that the British proposal raised difficult

problemes difficiles n'est pas une raison pour differer l'affir- problems was no reason for postponing the affirmation of whatmation que l'on veut faire. La delegation francaise desire was generally desired. The French delegation cordially hopedardemment pouvoir s'y associer car elle repond a sa pensee to be able to associate itself with the proposal since it corres-profonde et meme a son initiative, mais elle demande qu'on ponded with its own profound convictions and even with itstrouve une formule qui ne l'emp~che pas de faire valoir ensuite own initiative, but it would ask that a formula should beses preferences pour une solution determinee. found which would not make it impossible for it at a later

stage to urge its preferences for a definite solution of the problem.

M. Hugh GIBSON (Etats-Unis d'Amerique), passant rapide- Mr. Hugh GIBSON (United States of America), reviewing thement en revue la discussion qui a eu lieu sur les propositions discussion on the proposals submitted by the American dele-soumises par la delegation americaine le II avril, constate que gation on April IIth, said that the following objections hadl'on a souleve les objections suivantes: les armes agressives been raised: aggressive or offensive weapons could not beou offensives ne peuvent etre abolies, I° parce qu'on ne peut abolished-(I) because they could not be defined (2) becausepas en donner une definition; 20 parce que toutes les armes all weapons were interdependent (3) because lack of good faithsont interdependantes; 30 parce que la mauvaise foi dans in the execution of treaties would nullify the effects of abolition,l'execution des traites aneantirait les effets de l'abolition; and (4) because these weapons might be easily manufactured,4° parce que ces armes peuvent &tre fabriquees facilement, thus giving the advantage to industrial States.d'ou il resulterait un avantage pour les Etats industriels.

Or, aucune de ces objections ne parait insurmontable, None of those objections, however, appeared to be insur-puisque toutes les delegations ont semble ~tre d'accord sur la mountable, since all delegations appeared to agree that gasnecessite d'abolir la guerre par les gaz, en depit du fait que warfare should be abolished in spite of the fact that all fourles quatre arguments mentionnes ci-dessus sont egalement arguments were equally applicable to that particular weapon.applicables a ce procede de combat.

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La delegation americaine, en presentant ses propositions, a The American delegation, in submitting its proposals,voulu saisir la Conference de suggestions au sujet desquelles had intended to put before the Conference suggestions regar-l'accord le plus large semble s'etre manifeste entre toutes les ding which there appeared to be the largest amount of agree-delegations, et le Gouvernement americain, en proposant ment among all the delegations and his Government, in sugges-l'abolition de l'artillerie lourde mobile des chars d'assaut et ting the abolition of heavy mobile guns, tanks and gas, had feltdes gaz, a considere que cette concession de la delegation that such a concession to general opinion on the part of theamericaine a l'opinion generale servirait de stimulant aux American delegation would serve as an incentive to similarautres nations pour adopter une attitude pareillement liberale. liberality in the attitude of other nations.

Le Gouvernement des Etats-Unis n'a eu nullement l'intention, His Government had not had any intention of precludingen faisant ses suggestions, d'exclure n'importe quels autres by its suggestions any other means that would add to the generalmoyens d'accroitre le sentiment general de la securite, non sense of security or any arrangements between States in givenplus que des arrangements que pourraient conclure les Etats regions that might further strengthen the feeling of mutuald'une region determinee en vue de renforcer encore le sentiment safety.de la securite mutuelle.

Le Gouvernement des Etats-Unis n'a pas non plus pense Nor had his Government felt that the views of those whoque la proposition faite en vue de s'occuper immediatement stressed the interdependence of armaments were in any wayde certaines armes terrestres prejugerait en quoi que ce soit prejudiced by a proposal to deal immediately with certain landla these de ceux qui insistent sur l'interdependance des arme- weapons. The limitation and reduction of naval armaments hadments. La limitation et la reduction des armements navals been going forward for ten years and the naval Powers had notfonctionnent depuis dix ans et les Puissances navales n'ont pas waited for the formulation of a scheme for the limitation of everyattendu qu'un plan ffit dresse pour limiter tous les armements, weapon of war from battleships down to bayonets. It was onlydepuis les cuirasses jusqu'aux balonnettes. I1 est d'une logique logical that similar progress should be made in the limitationelementaire de realiser un progres analogue dans la limitation of land armaments.des armements terrestres.

Le delegue des Etats-Unis estime que la recherche d'une He felt that the search for a formula in dealing with theformule reglant le probleme des armes agressives a ete grande- problem of aggressive weapons had been greatly facilitatedment facilitee par la discussion actuelle, qui a montre qu'il y by the present discussion, which had shown that there was fullavait accord complet sur le but a atteindre et que l'accord, agreement as to the purpose to be achieved and more agreementquant aux methodes a suivre pour aborder le probleme, etait as to the method of attacking the problem than might previouslyplus grand qu'on n'aurait pu le prevoir. have been anticipated.

Il appu e chaleureusement le projet de resolution de la He 'warmly supported the resolution introduced by thedelegation du Royaume-Uni, qui comporte l'approbation du British delegation approving the principle of qualitativeprincipe du desarmement qualitatif. L'adoption d'une telle disarmament. The adoption of such a resolution would allayresolution ferait beaucoup pour dissiper les apprehensions qui the misgivings aroused by the fact that the references toprovenaient du fait que les allusions a l'article 8 contenues dans Article 8 contained in the resolutions previously adopted by theles resolutions precedemment adoptees par la Commission Commission included no specific reference to qualitativene comprennent aucune mention expresse de la limitation limitation. He had never imagined that qualitative limitationqualitative. Pour sa part, le delegue des Etats-Unis n'a jamais was actually discarded. The draft Disarmament Conventioneu i'idee que la limitation qualitative etait effectivement admitted the principle by providing for the prohibition of gasecartee. Le projet de convention admet le principe, du fait qu'il warfare. Public opinion, however, had begun to fear that thestipule l'interdiction de la guerre par les gaz. Toutefois, l'opinion Conference might be seeking to evade the issue and for thatpublique commengait a craindre que la Conference ne cherchat reason the American delegation desired all the more warmlya eluder la question et c'est pourquoi la delegation americaine to support the British proposal.a voulu appuyer d'autant plus chaleureusement la propositionbritannique.

Le delegue des Etats-Unis fait ressortir que la proposition He would emphasise that the British proposal in no waybritannique n'exclut nullement aucun autre moyen d'atteindre excluded any other means of achieving the ends of the Con-le but de la Conference; la liberte d'action future de la Confe- ference; the future liberty of action of the Conference was inrence est entierement sauvegardee. I1 ne croit pas necessaire, no way prejudiced. He did not think it was necessary ata chaque phase des travaux, de sauvegarder et de reserver every stage explicitly to safeguard and reserve every and allchacun des points pouvant etre consideres comme etant en points which might be considered to have a relation to onerapport avec un autre point et il lui semble que la Commission another and it seemed to him that the Commission would doferait bien d'adopter la forme simple de la resolution britanni- well to adopt the simple form of resolution proposed by theque, a llumiere des explications fournies la veille par sir John British delegation in the light of the explanations given at theSimon. previous meeting by Sir John Simon.

M. Sean LESTER (Etat libre d'Irlande) dit que son gouverne- Mr. Sean LESTER (Irish Free State) said that his Governmentment n'appuie pas tels principes de desarmement a l'exclusion favoured no principle of disarmament to the exclusion of othersde tels autres et espere qu'il sera possible a la Conference- and hoped it would be possible for the Conference to acceptd'accepter une reduction des armements, non seulement en a reduction of armaments not only by abolishing certainsupprimant certaines armes, mais encore en reduisant et en weapons but by reducing and limiting the remainder. Nor needlimitant les autres. L'application des deux systemes ne doit pas the application of both systems exclude the acceptance of anon plus exclure l'internationalisation dans une certaine mesure. degree of internationalisation. He supported the British proposalI1 appuie la proposition de sir John Simon, etant entendu on the understanding that it did not in any way prevent thequ'elle n'empechera en aucune fa~on la Conference d'adopter Conference from adopting thorough measures of quantitativede larges mesures de reduction et de limitation quantitatives, reduction and limitation, or if it so desired, measures of inter-non plus que, le cas echeant, des mesures d'internationalisation. nationalisation.

M. C. T. TE WATER (Union Sud-Africaine) declare que les Mr. C. T. TE WATER (Union of South Africa) said that thedelegations, qui avaient ete alarmees par la complexite du delegations, which had been alarmed by the complexities oftableau synoptique elabore par le rapporteur de la Commission, the synoptic programme established by the Rapporteur of theaccueillent chaleureusement une resolution qui fait revivre la Commission, cordially welcomed a resolution which revivedsimplicite des propositions americaines, en les combinant avec the simplicity of the American proposals, combining them withl'esprit des suggestions de la delegation italienne. Le chef de la the spirit of the suggestions of the Italian delegation. Thedelegation du Royaume-Uni a plaide d'une maniere persuasive merits of the British resolution had been persuasively arguedle fond de la resolution britannique. Le delegue de l'Afrique by the leader of the British delegation. He gave to that reso-du Sud donne son plein appui a cette resolution. Les Puissances lution his full support. The Powers which had spoken inqui ont parle en faveur du desarmement qualitatif ont donne support of qualitative disarmament had given proof to theau monde une preuve de leurs intentions pacifiques; les grandes world of their pacific intent and, in particular, the great PowersPuissances, en particulier, ont marque par la leur generosite had thereby shown themselves peoples of generosity and peace.et leur desir de paix. La Conference est en presence d'une A bold lead had been given to the Conference, which, byinitiative hardie et, en concentrant ses efforts dans la direction concentrating on the line of advance thus offered, would be

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qui lui est ainsi indiquee, elle donnera au monde l'indication giving the world a sure sign that progress was beginning to becertaine que l'on a commence d'aller de l'avant. Un succes made. Success at the present critical stage of the discussionsobtenu au moment critique actuel des discussions ranimera would revive a world interest which had started to flag owingl'interet mondial, qui avait commence a faiblir en raison des to the failing efforts of the Conference to break through theefforts infructueux que faisait la Conference pour surmonter les complexities of the problem of disarmament.complexites du probldme du desarmement.

En terminant, le delegue de l'Union Sud-Africaine declare He would emphasise in conclusion that the work of theque l'ceuvre de la Conference depasse de beaucoup en significa- Conference far transcended in real significance the struggles oftion reelle les luttes des partis et des politiciens. parties and of politicians.

L'AGA KHAN (Inde) appuie chaleureusement le projet de The AGA KHAN (India) wholeheartedly supported the Britishresolution britannique. Les armes de destruction sont devenues resolution. Weapons of destruction had grown more powerfulplus puissantes et de nouvelles categories d'armes ont 6t6 mises and new categories of arms had been perfected since the lastau point depuis la derniere guerre. La valeur de la resolution war. The virtue of the British resolution was that it askedbritannique reside en ceci, qu'elle demande aux diverses com- the various Commissions of the Conference to prohibit suchmissions de la Conference d'interdire les engins de guerre qui weapons of war as were overwhelmingly offensive, destructiveont un caractere nettement offensif, destructif et inhumain. and inhuman. Once the principle of qualitative disarmamentUne fois le principe du d6sarmement qualitatif accepte, il sera had been accepted, it would be possible to undertake the taskpossible d'aborder le probleme de la r6duction, au minimum of reducing to the minimum consistent with present circum-compatible avec les circonstances'actuelles, des armements qui stances the quantity of such armaments as were still left atseront laisses au service des divers gouverements. Si, en outre, the service of the various Governments. Should, moreover, aon elabore une organisation situee au-dessus des Etats, on super-State organisation be evolved, its world domination overpourrait rendre efficace sa domination mondiale sur les Etats individual States might be rendered effective by entrusting topris individuellement en confiant a cet organisme seul les engins that body alone the most powerful engines of war and destruc-les plus puissants de guerre et de destruction. tion.

M. SATO (Japon) dit que, si le bien-fond6 du principe du M. SATO (Japan) said that, though the principle of qualitativeddsarmement qualitatif n'est pas contestable, il ne faut pas disarmament could not be contested, it must not be forgottenoublier que, outre la difficulte de distinguer entre armes that, apart from the difficulty of distinguishing betweenoffensives et armes defensives, il existe actuellement des offensive and defensive weapons, there at present existeddiversites de situation creant necessairement des diversites diversities of situation which necessarily involved diversitiesd'opinions quant au choix des armes a interdire. De plus, of opinion as to the choice of the arms to be prohibited. More-l'interdiction de certaines armes peut avoir des repercussions over, the prohibition of certain weapons might have effectssur le.probleme de la limitation quantitative et elle exige une upon the problem of quantitative limitation and required adtude approfondie au sein des commissions speciales. Si la thorough study by the special commissions. If the GeneralCommission generale croit opportun d'accepter des maintenant Commission thought it desirable to accept at once the principlele principe du desarmement qualitatif, la delegation japonaise of qualitative disarmament, the Japanese delegation woulds'y associera volontiers, 6tant entendu que la decision de principe gladly associate itself with that decision, it being understoodne prejugera en rien l'examen ulterieur des propositions that the resolution of principle would in no way prejudice theconcretes. D'autre part, la reconnaissance de ce principe ne further examination of concrete proposals. Moreover, thecomporte pas n6cessairement l'interdiction pure et simple de recognition of the principle did not necessarily involve thetelles ou telles armes. II serait donc utile d'ajouter, apres le prohibition pure and simple of particular categories of armsmot: ((interdit ), les mots: ((ou restreint ). and it might be well to add an amendment providing that

limitation as well as prohibition might apply.

M. BEELAERTS VAN BLOKLAND (Pays-Bas) constate la tendance M. BEELAERTS VAN BLOKLAND (Netherlands) emphasisedqui se manifeste pour reduire aux proportions les plus petites the tendency which had become apparent to reduce to thele danger que constituent, pour la securite, certains engins smallest proportions the danger which resulted for securityconsideres comme ayant un caractere particulierement agressif. from certain weapons regarded as of a particularly aggressiveLe principe meme de la limitation qualitative n'a pas, jusqu'ici, character. The principle of qualitative limitation had notrencontre d'opposition, il n'y a pas accord general sur la hitherto been opposed, though there was not yet generaldetermination exacte des armements B proscrire et encore agreement as to the exact determination of the weapons to bemoins sur les methodes ~ suivre pour parvenir A la reduction proscribed, and still less as to the methods to be followed inqualitative. Le probleme est essentiellement complexe. Comme achieving qualitative reduction. The problem was essentiallyle conseillait M. Tardieu, le meilleur moyen de voir clair est complicated. As M. Tardieu had pointed out, the best wayd'isoler les choses les unes des autres. On se conformera ainsi of getting a clear view of the situation was to isolate the variousA la decision qui a ete prise de proceder au desarmement par problems. Such a procedure would be in conformity with thedtapes, et c'est 1 le grand avantage de la resolution britan- decision already taken to effect disarmament by stages. Thenique, a laquelle le delegue neerlandais adhere pleinement. great advantage of the British proposal was that it followedIl ne voit aucune difference essentielle entre le texte du projet this method of approach and he fully associated himself withde resolution et le discours par lequel sir John Simon l'a pre- the resolution. He did not see any essential difference betweensente; ce projet s'occupe uniquement du principe du desarme- the text of the draft resolution and the speech which Sir Johnment qualitatif et ne prejuge en rien les questions touchant Simon had made in support of it. The draft dealt solely witha l'application de ce principe. the principle of qualitative disarmament and in no way

prejudiced questions relating to the application of theprinciple.

M. SHEDDEN (Australie) appuie la resolution soumise par Mr. SHEDDEN (Australia) supported the resolution submittedla delegation du Royaume-Uni. Le principe de la limitation by the British delegation. The object of the principle of quali-qualitative a pour objet de diminuer la puissance d'agression tative limitation was to lessen the power of aggression and itet doit rallier l'approbation generale. Ces possibilites d'appli- should command general approval. The possibilities of thecation devront etre examinees par rapport h toutes les cate- principle should be examined in relation to all classes ofgories d'armements et son adoption, avec l'examen de son armaments and its adoption, with an exploration of the extentchamp d'application, apprait comme etant la condition prea- of its application, would appear to be essential preliminarieslable essentielle des progres dans la voie de la limitation et to progress in limitation and reduction.de la rdduction.

M. D'AVILA LIMA (Portugal) se rallie pleinement au projet M. D'AVILA LIMA (Portugal) associated himself fully withde resolution de la delegation du Royaume-Uni, qui offre la the draft resolution submitted by the delegation of the Unitedpossibilite d'accomplir un premier pas vers l'organisation de Kingdom as offering a possibility of taking a first step in thela paix. organisation of peace.

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M. Lo (Chine) affirme une fois de plus l'adhesion de la M. Lo (China) re-affirmed the adherence of his delegationdelegation chinoise au principe du desarmement qualitatif, to the principle of qualitative disarmament in the hope ofdans lespoir d'arriver a l'abolition des armes agressives. La achieving the abolition of aggressive weapons. The Chinesedelegation chinoise a exprime l'avis que les armements natio- delegation had expressed the view that national armamentsnaux devraient etre limites aux armes destinees exclusivement should be confined to weapons solely appropriate to defensivea des mesures defensives, et a propose la suppression des measures and had proposed the abolition of bombing aero-avions de bombardement, des chars d'assaut, de l'artillerie planes, tanks, heavy artillery of a certain calibre, aircraftlourde d'un certain calibre, des batiments porte-aeronefs, des carriers, submarines and capital ships. It was gratified to findsous-marins et des vaisseaux de ligne. Elle est heureuse de that other delegations, notably the United States of Americaconstater que d'autres delegations, notamment celles des and Italian delegations, had put forward proposals of muchEtats-Unis et de l'Italie, ont presente des propositions d'une practical value. It was important that the principle of quali-grande valeur pratique. I1 importe de reconnaitre et de pro- tative limitation should be generally recognised and proclaimed.clamer d'une maniere generale le principe de la limitation Aggressive weapons had, during recent months, come to havequalitative. Au cours des derniers mois, les armes agressives a terrible significance for his country and China would consideront eu une signification terrible pour son pays et la Chine the Conference to have failed if it did not declare itself inconsidererait que la Conference a echoue si elle ne se declare favour of abolishing armaments which were instrumental topas en faveur de l'abolition d'armements qui permettent la aggressive warfare.guerre d'agression.

Le baron RAMEL (Suede) estime qu'il serait tres desirable Baron RAMEL (Sweden) thought that it was desirable forque la Commission donnat des maintenant une expression for- the Commission to give immediate formal expression to them(lle de l'interft et de la sympathie qu'elle attache au principe importance which it attached and the sympathy which it feltqualitatif. Le projet de resolution de sir John Simon offre for the qualitative principle. The draft resolution of Sir Johnl'occasion de faire une declaration de cet ordre, et la delegation Simon afforded an opportunity of making such a declarationsuddoise est heureuse de donner son adhesion au principe and he was glad to adhere to the principle embodied in thecontenu dans ce projet. draft.

D'autre part, la methode qualitative ne saurait etre evidem- The qualitative method could not, of course, be appliedment appliquee sans des preparations techniques suffisantes. without adequate technical preparation. Moreover, the vastDe leur c6td, les vastes problemes se rattachant au point IV problems arising under Item IV of the Agenda would necessitateexigeront des etudes detaillees de la part des commissions detailed studies by the technical commissions. The questionstechniques. Les questions de definitions posees par la methode of definition raised by the qualitative method were very similarqualitative sont tre.s similaires a celles que soulevent les propo- to those raised by the proposals for the interationaliationalisationsitions visant l'internationalisation ou la mise a la disposition of certain weapons or for placing them at the disposal of thede la Socidte de certaines armes. II y aurait donc grand interet League. It would therefore be of advantage to connect theh lier ces deux series de questions pour les renvoyer aux con- two series of questions with a view to referring them to themissions techniques en vue d'une etude coordonnee. technical commissions for a co-ordinated study.

M. MOTTA (Suisse) considere que, s'il etait possible de donner M. MOTTA (Switzerland) thought that unanimity might bea la delegation fran~aise la certitude qu'aucune question ne secured for the British proposal if the French delegation coulddoit etre consideree comme prdjugee, l'unanimite se realiserait be assured that no question would thereby be prejudged.certainement sur la proposition britannique. Or, le delegue de la Personally, he had no doubt as to the real meaning of theSuisse n'a aucun doute sur le veritable sens de la proposition de proposal of Sir John Simon. The text of that proposal did notsir John Simon, dont le texte meme ne prejuge en rien, a son in his opinion prejudice in any way the thesis which would beavis, les theses que soutiendra plus tard la delegation frangaise. supported at a later stage by the French delegation. It wasSi l'on veut affirmer le principe du desarmement qualitatif, desirable to affirm the principle of qualitative disarmament forc'est pour les raisons suivantes: ce principe renforce, dans tous the following reasons: it strengthened in all States the defensiveles Etats, la puissance defensive des armees, dont il diminue la power of armies and diminished their power of aggression; itspuissance d'agression; sa realisation garantit un minimum de realisation would guarantee a minimum of success indispensablesucces indispensable I la Conference; le desarmement qualitatif to the Conference; qualitative disarmament opened the wayouvre la voie a des reductions quantitatives; enfin, l'acceptation to quantitative reductions; finally, the acceptance and carryinget la realisation de ce principe tendent i retablir l'egalite into effect of the principle would tend to restore legal equalityjuridique entre les Etats. Si tous sont d'accord sur ce principe, as between States. If all delegations agreed as to the principle,il faut le proclamer d'une maniere nette, claire et solennelle. that agreement should be clearly, definitely and solemnlySi la proposition de sir John Simon allait plus loin et prejugeait declared. If the proposal of Sir John Simon went further andla question des methodes par lesquelles le principe serait realise, prejudged the question of the methods whereby the principleM. Motta comprendrait les objections et meme les oppositions, would be realised, he could understand objections and evenmais la question de methode est completement reservee. II est opposition to the proposal, but the question of method wasdit expressement, surtout dans les motifs qui ont dte invoques completely reserved. It was explicitly stated, particularly inen faveur de la proposition britannique, qu'une etude doit 6tre the reasons given for the British proposal, that a study must befaite par les commissions techniques et qu'il faudra voir dans made by the technical commissions and that it would bequelle mesure la detention ou l'usage des armes visees doit 6tre necessary to decide to what extent the possession or use of theprohibe. La possibilite n'est donc pas exclue que l'idee de la weapons in question should be prohibited. The possibility wasdelegation britannique se realise m~me dans les formes preferees not, therefore, excluded, that the idea of the British delegationpar la delegation francaise. Comme M. Paul-Boncour, M. Motta might in practice be realised in the forms preferred by theappelle de tous ses voeux les solutions conciliatrices. Peut-etre French delegation. He hoped that a solution by compromisela delegation britannique trouvera-t-elle la possibilite de rendre would be achieved. Perhaps the British delegation would findson texte encore plus clair, de facon que l'unanimite puisse se it possible to make its text still clearer so that unanimityrealiser. might be achieved.

M. TITULESCO (Roumanie) dit que, du debat qui a eu lieu, M. TITULESCO (Roumania) said that three conclusionstrois conclusions se degagent: emerged from the discussion:

I° II y a unanimite quant a l'acceptation du principe (I) There was unanimous approval of the principle ofde la limitation qualitative; qualitative limitation;

2° Des methodes differentes sont envisagees pour (2) Different methods were contemplated for thel'appliquer; il ne s'agit pas en ce moment d'opter entre ces application of the principle. There was no question atmethodes, dont la discussion future doit rester entiere- that moment of choosing between these methods and thement libre; future discussion of those methods must remain entirely

free;3° Il ne s'agit pas simplement d'exprimer un voeu (3) It was important that the Commission should not

laconique, mais d'entrer dans la voie des realisations, merely express laconically its desire, but that it should

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comme la delegation italienne le demandait dans la resolu- enter upon the practical stage of its work, as the Italiantion votee la veille; le vote sur le principe theorique doit delegation had demanded in the resolution adopted ondone 6tre accompagne du renvoi de la question aux the previous day. The vote on the theoretical principlecommissions competentes. must therefore be accompanied by a reference of the

question to the competent commissions.

C'est pour ces considerations que M. Titulesco, au nom de He would therefore on behalf of fourteen delegations, includ-quatorze delegations, y compris la delegation roumaine, pre- ing his own, submit the following resolution:sente le projet de resolution suivant:

(( ,a Commission generale constate " The General Commission notes:

(( ue les Puissances representees a la Conference sont " That the Powers represented at the Conference areunanimes i rechercher sous la qualification de reduction unanimous in their desire to determine, under the headingqualitative des armements quelles methodes permettront of 'qualitative reduction' of armaments, what methodsle mieux d'eliminer les dangers et les lourdes charges que can best be employed to eleminate the dangers and heavycomportent certaines armes modernes actuellement en burdens involved by certain modern arms which are atservice ou en projet dans les armees de terre, de mer et present in use or which it is proposed to use in the land,de l'air, naval and air forces;

( Que certaines delegations se prononcent pour l'inter- " That certain delegations are in favour of prohibitiondiction pure et simple, pure and simple; that several other delegations are of

opinion that the prohibition pure and simple of such((Que plusieurs autres delegations estiment que Finter- material would not achieve the object in view and consider

diction pure et simple de ces materiels n'atteindrait pas that the only effective measure would be to place the saidle but poursuivi et considerent comme seule methode material at the disposal and under the control of theopdrante la mise desdits materiels a la disposition et League of Nations;sous le contr6le de la Societe des Nations.

((En consequence, la Commission generale invite les "Requests the Technical Commissions to study:commissions techniques i rechercher: io quelles sont lesarmes auxquelles doivent etre appliquees les methodes | " I. What are the arms to which the methods referredarmes auxquelles doivent tre appliques les mthodes aliedvisees au premier alinea, 20 quelle est pour chacune' de to in the first paragraph should be appliedces armes la methode la plus appropriee au but fixe par " 2. What is for each of these arms, the method bestledit alinea. suited to the object laid down in the aforesaid paragraph?

(( La Commission generale reserve pour la discussion sur "The General Commission holds over, for the discussionle point IV l'examen de la question de savoir si le probleme on Item IV, the examination of the question whether thede la securite peut etre resolu exclusivement par des problem of security can be settled exclusively by technicalmesures techniques. ' measures."

Le delegue de la Roumanie propose de renvoyer a un comite He suggested that the British proposal, with the resolutionde redaction la proposition britannique et celle qu'il vient de which he had just submitted, should be referred to apresenter, afin que les deux soient fondues en un texte unique drafting committee in order that they might be combined inen vue d'un vote unanime. a single text for the unanimous approval of the Commission.

M. LITVINOFF (Union des Republiques sovietistes socialistes) M. LITVINOFF (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) expressedpense que la resolution presentee par le delegue de la Roumanie the view that the resolution submitted by the Roumanianne soulevera pas de difficultes, etant donne qu'elle equivaut delegate would present no difficulties since it amounted toa d6clarer unanimement qu'il n'y a pas unanimite entre les affirming unanimously that there was no unanimity betweendelegations sur les points en discussion. La delegation sovie- the various delegations on the points at issue. The Soviettique a ete la premiere a proposer, a la Commission preparatoire, delegation had been the first to propose the qualitative reductionla reduction qualitative des armements, comme un des elements of armaments in the Preparatory Commission as an element ofd'une plan plus vaste de reduction. Cette delegation continue a wider scheme of reduction. The Soviet delegation still adheredde tenir a son projet comme formant un tout; elle est neanmoins to its scheme as a whole, but was nevertheless ready to discussprete a discuter un des elements particuliers de ce systeme, one of the separate elements of that scheme which had foundqui a trouve son expression dans la resolution soumise par la expression in the resolution submitted by the British delegation.delegation du Royaume-Uni. La delegation sovietique est The Soviet delegation was prepared to vote for that resolutiondisposee a voter en faveur de cette resolution, puisqu'elle since it did not exclude other measures of reduction.n'exclut pas d'autres mesures de reduction.

The PRESIDENT said that the moving of the resolutionLe PRESIDENT dit que, depuis que la delegation roumaine submitted by the Roumanian delegation changed the situation.

a soumis son projet de resolution, la situation a change. Ce That resolution must receive consideration by the full Com-projet doit pouvoir etre examine par la Commission tout mission. It would be distributed to the delegations and dis-entiere. I1 sera distribue aux delegations et discute lors de la cussed at the next meeting of the Commission, along withprochaine seance, en meme temps que les autres propositions the other proposals which were before the Commission atdont la Commission est actuellement saisie. that moment.

(La seance est levee.) (The meeting rose.)

IV. SIGNATURES ET RATIFICATIONS D'ACCORDS IV. SIGNATURES AND RATIFICATIONS OF

INTERNATIONAUX. | INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS.

Le Secretaire d'Etat aux Affaires etrangeres de Sa Majeste His Majesty's Secretary of State for Foreign Affairs hasa fait parvenir au Secretariat, le 20 avril 1932, l'instrument de forwarded to the Secretariat, on April 20th, 1932, the instrumentratification par Sa Majeste le Roi de Grande-Bretagne, d'Irlande of ratification by His Majesty the King of Great Britain, Ireland

425 -

et des territoires britanniques au dela des mers, Empereur and the British Dominions beyond the Seas, Emperor of India,des Indes, en ce qui concerne la Grande-Bretagne et l'Irlande du in respect of Great Britain and Northern Ireland, of the Inter-Nord, sur la Convention sur le regime fiscal des vehicules national Convention regarding the taxation of foreign motorautomobiles etrangers, avec annexe et Protocole annexe, faits vehicles, with Annex and Protocol-Annex, signed at Geneva,a Geneve le 30 mars 1931. March 30th, I93I.

IV. LISTE DES DOCUMENTS DISTRIBU/ZS IV. LIST OF DOCUMENTS DISTRIBUTEDA LA CONFIERENCE. TO THE CONFERENCE.

I. A la Conference: I. To the Conference:

Journal de la Conference, NO 5I. Journal of the Conference, No. 51.

Annexe. Indications relatives a I'etat des Annex. Particulars with regard to theC.564.M.23o.I 9 3IIX. armements des divers pays: An- C.564.M.23o.I 9 3I.IX. position of armaments in the(Conf.D.I5.) nexe a la communication du (Conf.D.I5.) various countries: Annex to the

Gouvernement estonien. Communication from the Esto-nian Government.

Annexe. Dito: Annexe i la communication Annex. Ditto: Annex to the communicationC.845.M.424.I 9 3I.IX. de la delegation suisse. C.845.M.424.I 9 3I.IX. from the Swiss delegation.(Conf.D.32.) (Conf.D.32.)

2. A la Commission generale: 2. To the General Commission:

Conf.D/C.G./P.V.I4. Proces-verbal provisoire de la qua- Conf.D/C.G./P.V.I4. Provisional Minutes of the Four-torzieme seance. teenth Meeting.

Conf.D/C.G.27. Ordre du jour de la Commission Conf.D/C.G./27. Agenda of the General Commission:generale: Article I, III: Projet de Article I, III: Draft resolutionresolution presente par les dele- presented by the delegations ofgations de Bolivie, Chili, Colom- Bolivia, Chile, Colombia, Cuba,bie, Cuba, Guatemala, Perou, Guatemala, Peru, Persia, Poland,Perse, Pologne, Roumanie, Tche- Roumania, Czechoslovakia, Uru-coslovaquie, Uruguay, Venezuela, guay, Venezuela, Yugoslavia.Yougoslavie.

IMPRIMERIE ALBERT KUNDIG, GEN±VE. PRINTED BY ALBERT KUNDIG, GENEVA.

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SOCIETE DES NATIONS LEAGUE OF NATIONS

CONFEKENCEPOUR LA FOR THE

REIDUCTION ET LIMITATION DES ARMEMENTSREDUCTION AND LIMITATION OF ARMAMENTS

GENtVE 1932 GENEVA 1932

N° 53.- SAMEDI 23 AVRIL I932. No. 53. - SATURDAY, APRIL 23RD, I932.

COMMUNICATIONS A LA REDACTION DU JOURNAL COMMUNICATIONS TO THE EDITOR OF THEDE LA CONFER-ENCE. CONFERENCE JOURNAL.

Les communiques et informations i inserer dans le Journal Material to be included in the Journal should be addresseddoivent 6tre adresses i M. John Palmer, redacteur en chef, to the Editor, Mr. John Palmer, Room 7Io, Committeebureau 7Io, Batiment des Commissions. Building.

Note: Le Journal est publie pour la commodite de MM. les Note: The Journal is issued for the convenience of the delegatesdelegues et du public. On n'y trouvera pas un compte rendu and the public. It is not intended to serve as a complete andcomplet et definitif des seances de la Conference et des Commis- permanent record of the discussions which take place in thesions; il ne doit donc pas Ntre employe comme source de documen- Conference and its Commissions, and it should not therefore betation. Au surplus, si I'on veut qu'il paraisse trWs exactement, used for purposes of reference. Moreover, if it is to appearil ne saurait donner autre chose qu'un resume sommaire des promptly, it cannot give more than a brief summary of thediscussions. discussions.

SOMMAIRE. CONTENTS.Pages Page

I. Programme des s6ances .............. 427 I. Programme of Meetings .............. 427

II. Commission g6n6rale: Seizieme seance ....... 428 II. General Commission: Sixteenth Meeting ....... 428

III. Additions et corrections a la liste des d616gu6s .... 433 III. Additions and Corrections to the List of Delegates . . 433IV. Signatures et ratifications d'accords internationaux . 433 IV. Signatures and Ratifications of International Agreements 433

V. Liste des documents distribues a la Conference . . .. 433 V. List of Documents distributed to the Conference . . . 433

I. PROGRAMME DES SEANCES. I . PROGRAMME OF MEETINGS.

Bureau de la Commission generale. Bureau of the General Commission.

Le Bureau de la Commission generale se reunira aujourd'hui The Bureau of the General Commission will meet to-day,samedi 23 avril, i ii heures, au Batiment des Commissions Saturday, April 23rd, at II a.m. in the Committee Building(salle L). (Room L).

428 --

Ordre du jour: Agenda:

Echange de vues en ce qui concerne la marche des Discussion as regards the continuation of the futuretravaux futurs de la Commission generale. work of the General Commission.

Commission politique: Comite pour le desarmement moral. Political Commission: Committee on Moral Disarmament.

Le Comite pour le desarmement moral se reunira aujourd'hui The Committee on Moral Disarmament will meet to-day,samedi 23 avril, a 9 h. 30, au Batiment des Commissions Saturday, April 23rd, at 9.30 a.m. in the Committee Building(salle M). (Room M).

Commission politique: Sous-Comite du Comite pour le desarme- Political Commission: Sub-Committee of the Committee or Moralment moral. Disarmament.

Le Sous-Comite du Comite pour le desarmement moral The Sub-Committee of the Committee for Moral Disarma-se reunira aujourd'hui samedi 23 avril, a 9 h. 30, au ment will meet to-day, Saturday, April 23rd, at 9.30 a.m. inBatiment des Commissions (salle L) pour examiner le rapport Room L of the Committee Building to consider the Reportde M. Szumlakowski. of M. Szumlakowski.

Commissions terrestre, navale et adrienne. Land, Naval and Air Commissions.

Il y aura reunion des presidents des Commissions terrestre, There will be a meeting of the Presidents of the Land, Navalnavale et aerienne aujourd'hui samedi 23 avril, a IO h. 30, au and Air Commissions to-day, Saturday, April 23rd, at Io.30 a.m.Batiment des Commissions (salle L). in the Committee Building (Room L).

II. COMMISSION GINIRALE: SEIZItME SEANCE. II. GENERAL COMMISSION: SIXTEENTH MEETING.

La 'Commission generale s'est reunie hier vendredi 22 avril, The General Commission met yesterday, Friday, April 22nd,a Io heures, sous la presidence de M. Arthur HENDERSON. at io a.m. under the Chairmanship of Mr. Arthur HENDERSON.

ARTICLE I DU PROJET DE CONVENTION (suite). ARTICLE I OF THE DRAFT CONVENTION (continuation).

III. a) Application simultanee de la limitation III. (a) Simultaneous application of a quantitativequantitative et de la limitation quali- and qualitative limitation by the pro-tative par interdiction de certains mate- hibition of certain material or ofriels ou de certaines categories d'arme- certain categories of armaments;ments.

b) Interdiction de certains materiels, sauf (b) Prohibition of certain material exceptsous certaines conditions. under certain conditions.

Le PRESIDENT rappelle que, la veille, deux propositions The PRESIDENT reminded the Commission that on the pre-sont venues en discussion: une resolution de la delegation vious day two proposals had been under consideration: abritannique, appuyee par seize delegations, et une resolution resolution of the British delegation, supported by sixteenpresentee par la delegation roumaine au nom de treize dele- other delegations and a proposal submitted by the Roumaniangations. En outre, la delegation japonaise a propose un amen- delegation on behalf of thirteen delegations. There had alsodement a la resolution britannique (voir Journal, NO 52, been an amendment to the British resolution moved by thepage 418 a 424). Japanese delegation (see Journal No. 52, page 418 to 424).

Sir John SIMON (Royaume-Uni) pense qu'un amendement Sir John SIMON (United Kingdom) thought that the doubtstres simple suffirait a dissiper les doutes qui ont ete exprimes which had been expressed at the previous meeting as to thela veille au sujet de la signification exacte de la resolution exact significance of the British resolution might be met bybritannique. Tons sont d'accord pour que la Conference affirme a very simple amendment. All agreed that the Conferenceson approbation du principe du desarmement qualitatif. Tons should declare its approval of the principle of qualitativesont d'accord pour que cette declaration soit redigee de fa~on disarmament. All agreed that this declaration should be soa maintenir intact, en vue d'un examen et de discussions framed as to preserve intact for future consideration andulterieures, entre autres points, le plan qui a ete presente par discussion, amongst other things, the scheme which had beenla delegation francaise. Beaucoup estiment que la methode de put forward by the French delegation. It was held in manyla prohibition absolue serait mieux apte a donner effet au quarters that the principle of qualitative disarmament mightprincipe du desarmement qualitatif qu'un systeme d'interna- be more appropriately carried out by a method of absolutetionalisation, mais il ne s'agit pas en ce moment d'essayer prohibition than by a scheme of internationalisation. Therede se prononcer en faveur d'une solution ou de l'autre. was, however, no question of attempting to decide in favour

of one solution or the other at that moment.Le delegue du Royaume-Uni ne saurait partager l'avis de He could not agree with the Roumanian delegation that a

la delegation roumaine qu'une declaration de principe n'est declaration of principle was not enough. Such a declarationpas suffisante. Une telle declaration serait a ses yeux d'une was, in his view, an important matter, particularly if it weregrande importance, surtout si elle ralliait l'unanimite. Il serait unanimously adopted. It would be a mistake to abandon afacheux de renoncer a une resolution sur la question de prin- resolution on the point of principle in order to send to a draftingcipe pour renvoyer a un comite de redaction une serie de reso- committee a number of resolutions which might tend ratherlutions qui tendent plut6t a se contredire qu'a s'appuyer l'une to challenge than to sustain one another and he could not agreel'autre. Sir John Simon ne saurait se rallier au renvoi d'une to referring a bundle of resolutions to a drafting committee

- 429 -

liasse de resolutions a un comite de redaction sans avoir la until he was satisfied that they were all intended to declarecertitude qu'elles tendent toutes a affirmer un meme principe in different language the same principle.en des termes differents.

I1 croit possible, en modifiant legerement la teneur de la By slightly varying the terms of the resolution which he hadresolution qu'il a presentee au debut, de faire definitivement originally moved, the misgivings which had been expressed indisparaitre les apprehensions qui se sont manifestees de cer- certain quarters might, he thought, be finally removed. Thetains cotes. Le projet de resolution qu'il avait primitivement resolution as originally proposed had run as follows:soumis etait ainsi conuu:

(( La Conference declare que, sans prejudice des autres " Without prejudice to other proposals which fall to bepropositions qui devront etre discutees sous les rubriques discussed under later heads of the Agenda, the Conferencesuivantes de l'ordre du jour, elle accepte le principe du declares its approval of the principle of qualitative dis-desarmement qualitatif, c'est-a-dire le choix de certaines armament -i.e., the selection of certain classes or descrip-categories, ou de certains types d'armes dont la detention tions of weapons with a view to prohibiting by internationalou l'usage serait interdit a tous les Etats par la voie d'une convention their possession or use by any State."convention internationale.))

II propose de remplacer les mots: ((dont la detention ou He would suggest that the words " with a view to prohibitingl'usage serait interdit a tous les Etats par la voie d'une by international convention their possession or use by anyconvention internationale )) par les mots: (( dont la detention State" should be struck out and replaced by the followingou l'usage serait, soit interdit a tous les Etats, soit interna- phrase: " . . . the possession or use of which should be abso-tionalise, par la voie d'une convention internationale)). lutely prohibited to all States or internationalised by means

of a general convention".Avec cet amendement, il serait parfaitement clair qu'il That amendment would make it entirely clear that there was

n'est pas question d'essayer de prejuger en quoi que ce soit no question of seeking to prejudge in any way the merits ofla valeur de la prohibition ou de l'internationalisation, qui prohibition or internationalisation, which would shortly havedevront venir sous peu en discussion, et il espere que les to be discussed, and he hoped that the representatives ofrepresentants de la Roumanie et du Japon seront en mesure Roumania and Japan would be able to withdraw their amend-de retirer leurs amendements, de facon que l'on arrive a une ments with a view to the adoption of a unanimous resolution.resolution unanime.

M. TITULESCO (Roumanie) d.clare que le projet de resolu- M. TITULESCO (Roumania) said that the draft resolutiontion de sir John Simon, dans son nouveau texte, lui donne of Sir John Simon as amended gave him entire satisfaction.satisfaction et qu'il s'y rallie. Il ajoute qu'il ne s'oppose pas He supported that resolution. He had no objection to thea ce que la mise en pratique du principe en question soit discussion of the application of the principle embodied in thediscutee ulterieurement, etant certain que la Conference ne se resolution at a later stage, being sure that the Conferencecontentera pas d'un principe theorique et qu'elle etudiera par would not rest content with affirming a theoretical principle,la suite la meilleure voie de sa realisation pratique. Il croit but would study the best means of giving it practical effect.etre sur que les Etats qui ont signe la veille la resolution qu'il He felt sure that the States which had signed the resolutiona soumise se rallieront au nouveau texte. Comme le delegue which he had submitted on the previous day would acceptdu Royaume-Uni, il pense qu'un vote unanime serait tres the new text. He agreed with the delegate of the Unitedimportant pour les travaux de la Conference. Kingdom that a unanimous vote was important for the work

of the Conference.

M. COSTA DU RELS (Bolivie) dit que, apres les eclaircisse- M. COSTA DU RELS (Bolivia) said that, following the explana-ments apportes par sir John Simon et le discours de M. Titu- tions given by Sir John Simon and the speech of M. Titulesco,lesco, il peut donner son adhesion entiere au principe de la he could adhere entirely to the principle of qualitative limitationlimitation qualitative, si loyalement et si clairement expose which had been so frankly and clearly explained by the Britishpar le delegue du Royaume-Uni. delegate.

M. DE AGUERO Y BETHANCOURT (Cuba) appuie la declara- M. DE AGUERO Y BETHANCOURT (Cuba) supported thetion faite par M. Titulesco. I1 est charge, par un certain nombre observations of M. Titulesco. He had been asked by a certaindes signataires de la resolution presentee la veille par celui-ci, number of those who had signed the resolution submitted byde declarer qu'ils acceptent la proposition britannique ainsi M. Titulesco at the previous meeting to say that they acceptedamendee. the British proposal as amended.

M. TARDIEU (France) remercie ceux de ses collogues qui, M. TARDIEU (France) thanked those of his colleagues who,en signant la proposition de M. Titulesco, ont apporte leur in signing the proposal of M. Titulesco, had supported theconcours aux idees defendues par la delegation francaise. Il views defended by the French delegation. He also very cordiallyremercie aussi tres cordialement la delegation britannique de thanked the British delegation for the conclusion which hadla conclusion qu'il est possible d'apporter aux debats. Cette now been reached in the discussion. That conclusion reservedconclusion reserve le droit entier de la Conference pour le to the Conference full liberty in the choice of the means whichchoix des moyens devant permettre d'appliquer un principe would enable it to apply a principle on which it was agreed.pour lequel elle est d'accord. Ce principe, c'est que la Conference The Conference, accepting the resolution, declared in effectadmet de faire entrer, dans ce qui est le cadre de ses travaux that within the framework of its work as unanimously adopteden vertu de sa decision unanime, c'est-a-dire dans le cadre -in other words, within the limits of the draft Convention-du projet de convention, le principe d'une reduction et d'une the principle of a qualitative reduction and limitation might belimitation qualitatives. Le delegue de la France rappelle pour- fitted. He would again emphasise that his delegation wasquoi sa delegation tenait a ce qu'aucun texte ne parut hypo- anxious that no text should appear to prejudice in any way thethequer le choix de la Conference entre les deux methodes choice to be made by the Conference between the two methodsqui seront developpees ulterieurement, et il remercie ses col- which would be explained at a later stage, and he thankedlegues britanniques de leur esprit amical de comprehension. his British colleagues for their friendly spirit of comprehension.Pour une Assemblee aussi nombreuse que celle-ci, la conclu- In so numerous a Conference the conclusion which had beension intervenue est un exemple de bonne methode; les dele- reached was an example of good method and the delegationsgations viennent de donner, en face d'un probleme positif, la had just given proof of their capacity, in face of a positivepreuve de leur capacite de se comprendre et de s'aider les uns problem, for mutual understanding and co-operation. Inles autres. En terminant, il se permet, en sa qualite d'ancien conclusion, he would venture, as an old colleague, to declareconfrere, de dire aux journalistes presents que le pessimisme to the journalists present that the pessimism to which the lastprovoque par ces deux journees de discussions courtoises etait two days' of courteous discussion had given rise was exag-exagere. Les idees de comprehension, de concession et d'equite gerated. Mutual understanding, mutual fairness and a mutualmutuelles, qui doivent diriger les travaux pour qu'ils soient spirit of concession, necessary if the work of the Conferencefeconds, ont triomphe. was to be fruitful, had triumphed.

430 --

M. SATO (Japon) dit que la delegation japonaise n'insiste M. SATO (Japan) said that the Japanese delegation would notpas sur son amendement de la veille, l'idee qu'elle avait avancee insist upon its amendment of the previous day, since the ideaetant couverte par le texte actuel de la resolution et pouvant contained in the amendment was covered by the present textetre realisable dans les discussions qui auront lieu au sein des of the resolution and might be given effective shape in thecommissions competentes. La delegation japonaise accepte le discussions which would take place in the competent com-nouveau texte propose par sir John Simon. missions. The Japanese delegation accepted the new text

submitted by Sir John Simon.

Le comte APPONYI (Hongrie) declare se rallier au texte Count APPONYI (Hungary) associated himself with thepropose par sir John Simon, de meme qu'il aurait vote la text of the British delegation, particularly as he would haveresolution dans son texte original. Personnellement, il est voted for the resolution in its original text. Personally he waspersuade que les deux textes avaient la meme intention et convinced that the two texts had the same intention and thela meme portee. Il est egalement persuade qu'il n'y a jamais same effect. He was equally persuaded that there never hadeu un esprit d'attaque contre la proposition francaise, mais been any idea of attacking the French proposal, but only aseulement un malentendu, et il etait necessaire de le dissiper. misunderstanding which it had been necessary to remove.Comme la Conference approche peut-etre du moment le plus It was essential, when the Conference was now approaching thed cisif de ses deliberations, il est essentiel que les problemes most decisive stage in its discussions, that the most difficultles plus d'fficiles soient abordes dans un esprit de conciliation, problems should be undertaken in a spirit of conciliation so thatde fa*on que les delegations puissent poursuivre leur ceuvre the delegations might continue their work in the atmospheredans la sclidarite qui a rdgn6 jusqu'ici et qui a permis de of solidarity which had hitherto prevailed and which hadrecueillir des votes unanimes. enabled unanimous decisions to be recorded.

M. NADOLNY (Allemagne) dit qu'il accepte le texte propose M. NADOLNY (Germany) accepted the text submitted by theaujourd'hui par le dClgu6 britannique, tout comme il Ctait British delegate, as he would have accepted the previous text.pret a accepter le texte precedent. II tient cependant bien He would, nevertheless, define precisely the attitude of thepreciser l'attitude de la delegation allemande quant au fond German delegation on the substance of the question. Qualitativede la question: le desarmement qualitatif ne saurait se faire disarmament could not be effected by means of internationa-par l'internationalisation, mais seulement par la destruction lisation but only by the destruction and absolute prohibitionet l'interdiction absolue des armes agressives. Pour la question of aggressive weapons. The question--what arms should comede savoir quelles armes devront etre frappdes par cette inter- under this prohibition ? -appeared to be settled in advance indiction, elle semble etre reglee d'avance en ce sens qu'il s'agit so far as they must at least include those which had already beenau moins des armes deja abolies par l'Allemagne et par d'autres abolished by Germany and the other disarmed States. ThatEtats desarmds; la preuve est faite qu'un tel pacte de desar- disarmament was a proof that such an arrangement wasmement est realisable. Quant aux mesures qui pourraient etre practicable. The German delegation was ready to examineprises en vue d'une suppression encore plus vaste, la delegation any measures which might be taken with a view to a stillallemande est prete a les examiner dans l'esprit d'unanimit6 wider system of suppression in the spirit of unanimity to whichdont a parlI M. Tardieu. M. Tardieu had referred.

M. LITVINOFF (Union des R6publiques sovidtistes socialistes) M. LITVINOFF (Union of Soviet Socialist Republics) said thatestime que la resolution proposee par la delegation britannique the resolution moved by the British delegation might bepeut s'interpr6ter de differentes facons. Si on la lit sans tenir interpreted in several ways. Read apart from the explanationscompte des explications qui ont ete donnees au cours de la given during the discussion it would seem to mean that thediscussion, elle semble signifier que la Conference decide en ce Conference was deciding to reduce qualitatively certain weaponsmoment de reduire qualitativement certaines armes, soit par either by way of prohibition or by internationalisation and hadla prohibition, soit par l'internationalisation, et qu'en fait elle in effect agreed to the application of both methods. Manya acceptC l'application des deux methodes. Or, beaucoup de delegations, however, had put a different meaning on the reso-delegations attribuent un sens different - la resolution; elles lution and considered that they were merely deciding that on aconsiddrent qu'en ce moment, elles ddcident simplement qu'a certain date the Conference would take up the question ofune certaine date, la Conference abordera la question de cer- certain weapons without deciding whether they were to betains armements, mais sans decider si ces armements devront reduced or internationalised. In other words, the Conferenceetre supprimes ou internationalises. En d'autres termes, en was merely, by adopting this resolution, adjourning its decision.adoptant cette resolution, la Conference ne fait qu'ajourner The Soviet delegation would be able to vote for an adjournmentsa decision. La delegation sovietique serait en mesure de voter of the decision, but must make it clear that such adjournmentpour un ajournement de la decision, mais elle tient i bien did not prejudice its attitude as regarded internationalisation.marquer que cet ajournement ne prejuge pas son attitude i

l'egard de l'internationalisation.Le projet de resolution est adoptJ d l'unanimitd. The resolution was put to the vote and adopted unanimously.

Le PRESIDENT dit que, la Commission venant d'accepter le The PRESIDENT said that, as the Commission had nowprincipe du desarmement qualitatif, il faut maintenant exa- accepted the principle of qualitative disarmament, it wasminer la question de la procedure a suivre ulterieurement en necessary to consider the question of subsequent procedurece qui concerne le point III de l'ordre du jour. La delegation in respect of Item III of the Agenda.des Etats-Unis a soumis le projet de resolution suivant: The United States delegation had submitted the following

resolution:

((La Commission g6nerale... invite la Commission ter- "To request the Land Commission to draw up andrestre e laborer et I soumettre i la Commission generale submit to the General Commission a plan for scrappingun plan pour la destruction des chars d'assaut et des tanks and mobile guns exceeding 155 mm. in calibre andpieces d'artillerie mobile d'un calibre superieur i 155 mm. for the abolition of the use of gases in war. "et pour la suppression de l'emploi des gaz dans la guerre. ,

La delegation yougoslave a soumis dgalement un projet de The Yugoslav delegation had also submitted a resolution:resolution, ainsi concu:

« La Commission gdndrale invite les commissions "The General Commission invites the competenttechniques compdtentes .alaborer et i lui soumettre i cet technical commissions to prepare and submit to it for thiseffet les plans et les textes ndcessaires. )) purpose the necessary plans and texts."

La delegation danoise a presente le projet ci-dessous: A resolution had been submitted by the Danish delegation:

« La Commission generale invite les commissions speciales " The General Commission requests the special com-a elaborer, chacune dans son domaine, des plans pour la missions to draw up, in their respective spheres, plans for

- 43I -

prohibition des armes specialement aptes a donner .a the prohibition of arms specially calculated to give thel'agression une superiorite prononcee, en precisant les aggressor a pronounced advantage, at the same timediverses categories de ces armes, etant entendu que cette specifying the different categories of such arms. It isprohibition doit s'etendre a toute fabrication et a toute understood that this prohibition should extend to allpreparation desdites armes ainsi qu'a leur emploi. ) forms of manufacture and preparation of the said arms

and to all training in their use."

Enfin, la ddl6gation roumaine a soumis le projet suivant: Finally, the Roumanian delegation had submitted a resolu-tion:

((La Commission generale... invite les commissions "Requests the Technical Commissions to study:techniques a rechercher:

(( I Quelles sont les armes auxquelles doivent etre "(I) What are the arms to which the methodsappliquees les m6thodes vis6es au premier alinea; referred to in the first paragraph should be applied ?

(( 20 Quelle est, pour chacune de ces armes, la methode " (2) What is for each of those arms, the method bestla mieux appropriee au but fix6 par ledit alin6a. » suited to the object laid down in the aforesaid para-

graph ?/"

Ces resolutions, en somme, proposent de renvoyer aux Those resolutions proposed in fact that the determinationcommissions techniques la determination des armements qui of the weapons or arms to receive special treatment as givingdoivent etre soumis a un traitement special comme donnant predominance to attack should be referred to the technicalune sup6riorite marquee a l'attaque sur la defense, et d'inviter commissions and that the technical commissions should beles commissions techniques a. preparer les plans reglant la invited to draw up plans for dealing with the weapons so defined.question des armements ainsi d6finis.

Sir John SIMON (Royaume-Uni) pense que la Commission Sir John SIMON (United Kingdom) thought that the Com-qui vient d'adopter une resolution generale de principe mission, having adopted a general resolution of principledevrait maintenant adopter une resolution permettant de faire should now adopt a resolution going a step further, indicatingun pas de plus en avant et indiquant le genre de principes under what kind of directing purpose it desired the technicaldirecteurs dont elle desire que les commissions techniques aspects of the question to be considered by the special com-s'inspirent pour examiner les aspects techniques de la question. missions. The aim of the resolutions to which the PresidentLes resolutions dont le President vient de parler tendent a la had just referred was to secure the adoption of such a directionfixation de directives de ce genre a l'usage des commissions to the technical commissions in their task of defining thetechniques quand elles vont avoir a preciser le principe du principle of qualitative disarmament.desarmement qualitatif.

A son avis, il se presente 1 deux considerations. En premier He would submit that there were two points to be considered.lieu, dans l'application du principe du desarmement qualitatif, First, in applying the principle of qualitative disarmament thela Conference ne doit pas se limiter i une seule des grandes Conference should not limit itself to one branch of warfare only,categories d'armements, elle doit examiner quelles sont les but consider what were the weapons to be treated by thearmes qui doivent etre soumises a la methode qualitative dans qualitative method in land, sea and air warfare. Secondly,les domaines terrestre, naval et aerien. En second lieu, il semble there seemed to be good reasons for applying one or twoy avoir de bonnes raisons de s'inspirer d'un ou de deux criteres general tests in deciding what methods were most appropriategdneraux pour decider des methodes les plus appropriees for the application of the qualitative method. There was theen vue de l'application du systeme qualitatif. II y a le critdre test that certain methods of warfare were specially threateningsuivant: certains procedes de guerre sont particulierement to civilians and there was the further test that certain weaponsmenacants pour la population civile, et cet autre critere, que were of a specifically offensive character. It had been arguedcertaines armes ont un caractere particulierement offensif. that it was difficult to draw a precise line between offensiveOn a fait valoir la difficulte de tracer une ligne de demarcation and defensive weapons. Certain arms, however, were indicatednette entre armes offensives et armes defensives. Cependant, in the Treaty of Versailles as suitable for prohibition on thecertaines armes sont mentionnees dans le Traite de Versailles ground that they were singularly calculated to assist attackcomme devant etre prohibees pour le motif qu'elles sont against national defence and the French delegation in itsparticulierement destinees a soutenir une attaque contre la proposals to the Conference had suggested that certain armsdefense nationale, et la delegation francaise, dans son memo- should not be left at the free use of individual States on therandum, a emis l'idde que certaines armes ne devraient pas etre specific ground that they were particularly offensive. Thoughlaissees a la libre disposition de chaque Etat, pour la raison it was impossible to draw a precise and scientific line betweenexpresse qu'elles ont un caractere particulierement offensif. offensive and defensive weapons or to give an exhaustiveS'il est impossible de tracer une ligne de demarcation precise definition of offensive armaments, it would be agreed thatet scientifique entre armes offensives et armes defensives ou qualitative disarmament was chiefly needed in the case ofde donner une definition complete des armements offensifs, on land, sea or air weapons which by common consent could beadmettra cependant que le desarmement qualitatif est surtout generally described and recognised as offensive.necessaire dans le cas des armes terrestres, navales ou aeriennesque, de l'avis de tout le monde, on peut decrire d'une manieregenerale comme etant offensives en pratique.

C'est en s'inspirant de ces considerations que la delegation The British delegation, bearing these considerations in mind,du Royaume-Uni presente le projet de resolution ci-apres: desired to submit the following resolution:

r En cherchant a appliquer le principe du desarmement "In seeking to apply the principle of qualitativequalitatif tel qu'il a ete defini dans la resolution precedente, disarmament as defined in the previous resolution, thela Conference estime que l'on devrait examiner l'ensemble Conference is of opinion that the range of land, sea anddes armements terrestres, navals et aeriens en vue de air armaments should be examined with a view to selectingchoisir les armes qui ont un caractere plus spCcifiquement those weapons whose character is the most specificallyoffensif et qui sont les plus menagantes pour la population offensive and the most threatening to civilians."civile. »

I1 lui parait inutile de renvoyer un principe genCral aux He would urge that it was useless to refer a general principlecommissions techniques sans leur donner certaines directives to technical commissions without giving them some sort ofsur le but que se propose la Commission generale. Le projet direction as to what the General Commission desired to do.de resolution qu'il vient de deposer a pour objet de donner aux It was the object of the British resolution which he had justcommissions techniques des directives genCrales en vue de moved to give to the technical commissions a general direction

432A t___________________________________________ 43. —, ..

l'examen et de l'analyse des problenmes qui vont leur etre for the consideration and analysis of the problems which theyconfies. would be asked to examine.

M. DE SCAVENIUS (Danemark) dit que la delegation danoise M. DE SCAVENIUS (Denmark) said the Danish delegationsera heureuse d'accepter le projet de resolution de sir John would be happy to accept the draft resolution submitted bySimon. La delegation danoise, dans le projet de resolution Sir John Simon. The Danish delegation, in the resolution whichqu'elle a deja soumis a la Commission (voir ci-dessus), a souligne it had already submitted to the Commission (see above), hadl'utilite d'inviter les commissions techniques a elaborer, emphasised that it was desirable to ask the technical commis-chacune dans son domaine, des plans pour la prohibition de sions to elaborate, each within its own domain, plans for thecertaines armes speciales. II propose donc que, dans le projet prohibition of special weapons. He would therefore suggestde resolution qui vient d'etre presente, on insere a l'endroit that in the draft resolution under discussion the words "byconvenable les mots: ((par les commissions competentes >. the competent Commission " should be inserted in the ap-

propriate place.

M. Hugh GIBSON (Etats-Unis d'Amerique) appuie le projet Mr. Hugh GIBSON (United States of America) supported thede resolution de la delegation britannique. Il demande toutefois resolution moved by the British delegation, but suggested anune addition faisant ressortir que le principe de la resolution addition emphasising that the principle of the resolution shoulddevrait s'appliquer aux armes qui sont ((les plus efficaces apply to weapons which were "most effective against nationalcontre la defense nationale )). defence ".

M. CHOUMENKOVITCH (Yougoslavie) rappelle que, si la M. CHOUMENKOVITCH (Yugoslavia) said that the Yugoslavproposition yougoslave dont a parle le President (voir ci-dessus) proposal to which the President had referred (see above)contient un passage visant le principe de la reduction qualitative, contained a passage concerning the principle of qualitativeelle souleve aussi d'autres questions concernant la definition reduction, but also raised other questions regarding thedes armes auxquelles cette reduction doit etre appliquee, le definition of the weapons to which such reduction should bechoix des methodes, la question de la guerre chimique, etc. applied, the choice of methods and chemical warfare. ThoseCes questions sont reservees pour des discussions ulterieures questions were reserved for later discussion and the Yugoslavet la proposition yougoslave doit etre renvoyee aux commissions proposal should be referred to the technical commissions.techniques.

Le delegue de la Yougoslavie appuie le projet de resolution He supported the proposal of Sir John Simon with thede sir John Simon avec l'addition proposde par la delegation amendment suggested by the Danish delegation.danoise.

Le PRESIDENT propose de suspendre la stance pendant The PRESIDENT suggested that the meeting of the Commis-quelques minutes pour permettre au Bureau de presenter un sion should be suspended for a few moments in order that itstexte unique. Bureau might submit an agreed text.

(La s6ance, suspendue I 12 h. Io, est reprise a 12 h. 30.) (The Commission, suspended at I2.10 p.m., resumed itsdiscussion at I2.30 p.m.)

M. BENES, rapporteur, au nom du Bureau, donne lecture M. BENES, Rapporteur, submitted the following text ondu texte suivant: behalf of the Bureau:

((Dans la recherche des applications du principe du "In seeking to apply the principle of qualitativedesarmement qualitatif, tel qu'il est defini par la precedente disarmament, as defined in the previous resolution, theresolution, la Conference est d'avis qu'il convient de faire Conference is of opinion that the range of land, sea andexaminer par les commissions speciales competentes la air armaments should be examined by the competentserie des armements de terre, de mer et de l'air en vue de special Commissions with a view to selecting those weaponsdeterminer les armes qui ont les caracteres les plus speci- whose character is the most specifically offensive, or thosefiquement offensifs, ou qui ont le plus d'efficacite contre la most efficacious against national defence or those mostdefense nationale, ou qui sont les plus menagantes pour threatening to civilians."les populations civiles. »

I1 sera sans doute necessaire que les commissions speciales, It was possible that the special Commissions, before pre-avant de soumettre un rapport a la Commission generale, senting their report to the General Commission, might feel ittiennent une reunion mixte pour coordonner leurs decisions. necessary to hold a joint meeting in order that their severalLes bureaux de chacune de ces commissions pourraient se decisions might be co-ordinated. Such co-ordination might bereunir pour proceder a cette coordination. Si les questions effected by the Bureau of each of the Commissions meetingapparaissaient trop compliquees, le Bureau de la Conference together or by the appointment of a joint Commission. Thepourrait suggerer la composition de la Commission mixte. report of the special Commissions, when their findings hadUne fois les conclusions des trois commissions coordonnees, been co-ordinated, would be referred to the General Commission,leurs rapports seraient presentes I la Commission generale, which would take the final decision.qui statuerait en dernier lieu.

Le projet de resolution est adopte a' l'unanimite. The resolution was put to the vote and unanimously adopted.

(La seance est levee.) (The meeting rose.)

M. DE VASCONCELLOS, premier delegue du Portugal, tres M. DE VASCONCELLOS, First Delegate of Portugal, muchtouche du message de sympathie qui lui a ete adresse, a l'occa- appreciating the message of sympathy addressed to him bysion de sa maladie, par la Commission generale sur la propo- the General Commission on the occasion of his illness, askssition du President, prie le President et tous ses collegues the President and all his colleagues on the Commission tode la Commission d'agreer l'expression de ses sentiments de accept the expression of his gratitude.vive gratitude.

433 -

III. ADDITIONS ET CORRECTIONS A LA LISTE III. ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS TO THE LISTDES DIELtGUIRS. OF DELEGATES.

Dlegation finlandaise: A l'exception de M. Holsti et de Finnish delegation: With the exception of M. Holsti andM. Gyllenboegel (I4, rue Charles-Bonnet) et de M. Swentorzetski M. Gyllenboegel (I4, rue Charles-Bonnet) and M. Swentorzetski(H6tel Beau-Rivage), l'adresse de tous les membres de la (Hotel Beau-Rivage) the address of all members of the delega-delegation, des secretaires et du bureau, est:(( La Residence)). tion, secretaries and bureau will be: " La Residence "Delegation yougoslave. Le capitaine de vaisseau Gaston Yugoslav delegation: Captain Gaston ROSSI-SABATINI isROSSI-SABATINI est nomme delegue suppleant; il remplace le appointed substitute delegate on the delegation and willvice-amiral Nikolas Stankovic a toutes les commissions de la replace Vice-Admiral Nikolas Stankovic in all the CommissionsConference. of the Conference.

IV. SIGNATURES ET RATIFICATIONS D'ACCORDS IV. SIGNATURES AND RATIFICATIONS OFINTERNATIONAUX. INTERNATIONAL AGREEMENTS.

M. Thadee Gwiazdowski, Charge d'Affaires a. i. de la Dele- M. Thadee Gwiazdowski, Charge d'affaires a. i. of the Per-gation permanente de la Republique de Pologne aupres de la manent delegation of the Polish Republic accredited to theSociete des Naticns,a depose au Secretariat, le 22 avril I932, League of Nations, deposited with the Secretariat, on Aprill'instrument de ratification par Son Excellence le President de 22nd, I932, the instrument of ratification by His Excellencyla Republique de Pologne sur la Convention pour la creation the President of the Polish Republic of the Convention for thed'une Societe internationale de credit hypothecaire agricole, Creation of an International Agricultural Mortgage Creditavec charte et statuts y annexes (Geneve, le 21 mai I93I). Company, with Charter and Statutes annexed thereto (Geneva,May 2Ist, I931).

V. LISTE DES DOCUMENTS DISTRIBUIS V. LIST OF DOCUMENTS DISTRIBUTEDA LA CONFERENCE. TO THE CONFERENCE.

I. A la Conference: . To the Conference:Journal de la Conference, No 52. Journal of the Conference, No. 52.

2. A la Commission generale: 2. To the General Commission:Conf.D/C.G./26(I). Ordre du jour de la Commission gene- Conf.D/C.G./26(I). Agenda of the General Commission:rale: Article I - III: Resolution Article I - III: Resolution adoptedadoptee par la Commission generale by the General Commission on

le 22 avril 1932. April 22nd, 1932.Conf.D/C.G./28. Ordre du jour de la Commission gene- Conf.D/C.G./28. Agenda of the General Commission:rale: Article I - II: Proposition Article I - III: Proposal by thede la delegation du Royaume-Uni. delegation of the United Kingdom.Conf.D/C.G./28(I). Ordre du jour de la Commission gene- Conf.D/C.G./28(i). Agenda of the General Commission:rale: Article I - III: Proposition Article i - III: Proposal by thede la delegation du Royaume-Uni delegation of the United Kingdom- Texte propose par le Bureau de - Text proposed by the Bureau ofla Commission generale. the General Commission.Conf.D/C.G./P.V.i 5. Commission generale: Proces-verbal Conf.D/C.G./P.V.i5. General Commission: Provisional Mi-provisoire de la quinzieme seance. nutes of the fifteenth meeting.

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Et pendant les seances des Commissions: And during the meetings of the Commissions:

Au stand installe dans le hall du public, au At the stand in the public hall of the Committee

Batiment des Commissions (Quai Wilson). Building (Quai Wilson).

SOCItTE DES NATIONS LEAGUE OF NATIONS

CONFERENCEPOUR LA FOR THE

REDUCTION ET LIMITATION DES ARMEMENTSREDUCTION AND LIMITATION OF ARMAMENTS

GENtVE 1932 GENEVA 1932

No 54. . DIMANCHE 24 AVRIL I932. NO. 54. - SUNDAY, APRIL 24TH, 1932.

COMMUNICATIONS A LA REDACTION DU JOURNAL COMMUNICATIONS TO THE EDITOR OF THEDE LA CONFERENCE. CONFERENCE JOURNAL.

Les communiques et informations A inserer dans le Journal Material to be included in the Journal should be addresseddoivent &tre adresses i M. John Palmer, redacteur en chef, to the Editor, Mr. John Palmer, Room 7Io, Committeebureau 7Io, Batiment des Commissions. Building.

Note: Le Journal est publie pour la commodite de MM. les Note: The Journal is issued for the convenience of the delegatesdelegues et du public. On n'y trouvera pas un compte rendu and the public. It is not intended to serve as a complete andcomplet et definitif des seances de la Conference et des Commis- permanent record of the discussions which take place in thesions; il ne doit donc pas Atre employe comme source de documen- Conference and its Commissions, and it should not therefore betation. Au surplus, si l'on veut qu'il paraisse trWs exactement, used for purposes of reference. Moreover, if it is to appearil ne saurait donner autre chose qu'un resume sommaire des promptly, it cannot give more than a brief summary of thediscussions. discussions.

SOMMAIRE. CONTENTS.Pages Page

I. Programme des seances .............. 435 I. Programme of Meetings .............. 435

II. Nouveaux messages en faveur de la Conference . . .. 436 II. Further Messages in Support of the Conference . . .. 436III. Additions et corrections A la liste des d616gu6s . . .. 438 III. Additions and Corrections to the List of Delegates ..438

IV. Liste des documents distribu6s i la Conf6rence .... 438 IV. List of Documents distributed to the Conference . . . 438

I. PROGRAMME DES STIANCES. I. PROGRAMME OF MEETINGS.

Commission generale. General Commission.

La Commission generale tiendra une stance publique mardi There will be a public meeting of the General Commission26 avril, i Io heures, au Batiment des Commissions (salle G). Tuesday, April 26th, at ro a.m. in the Committee Building

(Room G).

436

Bureau de la Commission gencerale. Bureau of the General Conmission.

Le bureau de la Commission generale se reunira, en seance The Bureau of the General Commission will meet privatelyprivee, demain lundi 25 avril, a ii heures, au Batiment des to-morrow, Monday, April 25th, at ii a.m. in the CommitteeCommissions (salle L). Building (Room L).

En raison de la duree de la reunion des presidents des Owing to the length of the meeting of the Presidents ofCommissions terrestre, navale et aerienne, convoquee samedi the Land, Naval and Air Commissions, called for Saturday ata Io h. 30, la reunion du Bureau de la Conference a du 6tre I0.30 a.m., the meeting of the Bureau of the Conference hasajournee a demain lundi, a ii heures. had to be adjourned till to-morrow, Monday, at ii a.m.

Ordre du jour: Agenda:

Echange de vues en ce qui concerne la marche des Discussion as regards the continuation of the futuretravaux futurs de la Commission generale. work of the General Commission.

Commission politique: Comite du desarmement moral. Political Commission: Committee on Moral Disarmament.

Le Comite du desarmement moral tiendra une seance publique The Committee on Moral Disarmament will meet publiclydemain lundi 25 avril, a io h. 30, au Batiment des Commissions to-morrow, Monday, April 25th, at I0.30 a.m. in the Committee(salle G). Building (Room G).

Commission des depenses de defense nationale. Commission on National Defence Expenditure.

La Commission des depenses de defense nationale se reunira The Commission on National Defence. Expenditure willmeetmardi 26 avril, a ii heures, au Batiment des Commissions at rI a.m. on Tuesday, April 26th, in the Committee Building(salle H), et non demain lundi 25 avril. (Room H). It will not meet to-morrow, Monday, April 25th.

Prochaines seances des Commissions terrestre, navale et aerienne. Next meetings of the Land, Naval and Air Commissions.

Note des presidents. - Les presidents des Commissions Note bv the Presidents. - The Presidents of the Land, Navalterrestre, navale et aerienne informent les delegations qu'il est and Air Commissions inform the delegations that it is possiblepossible que les prochaines reunions de ces commissions aient that these Commissions will hold their next meetings to considerlieu mardi apres-midi 26 avril, pour examiner les questions the matters referred to in document Conf. D./G.G./28(I) onmentionnees dans le document Conf.D./C.G./28(I). Tuesday, April 26th, in the afternoon.

L'ordre du jour et toute autre documentation necessaire pour The agenda and any other necessary documentation forces reunions seront distribues aussitot que possible. these meetings will be distributed as soon as possible.

II. NOUVEAUX MESSAGES EN FAVEUR DE LA II. FURTHER MESSAGES IN SUPPORT OF THECONFERENCE. CONFERENCE.

(Insere sur la demande du President.) (Published at the request of the President.)

Le President de la Conference a renu des petitions ou reso- The President of the Conference has received petitions orlutions des groupements ci-apres: resolutions from the following groups:

i. De Tchecoslovaquie:

Envoi, par la Legation de Tchecoslovaquie a Berne, de 3.306 petitions reunissant 53.225 signatures individuelles et 40.202signatures collectives, de la Ligue feminine internationale pour la Paix et la Liberte, commission contre la guerre chimique, et3.52I petitions des organisations pour la paix de Brunn.

A ces petitions s'ajoutent des adresses de diverses organisations, groupant 256.6I2 membres dont la liste est jointe.

2. De Bulgarie:

Resolution des 21 organisations feminines de Sofia en faveur du desarmement des peuples armes.La resolution a ete adoptee dans la Salle du Theatre ( Renaissance ), a Sofia, par l'assemblee publique pour le desarmement

des nations armees, a laquelle ont pris part les 21 organisations feminines suivantes:

I. L'Union des Femmes bulgares. 12. Association feminine ((La Bulgare .2. La Section bulgare pour la Paix et la Liberte 13. Association feminine ((Patrie ).3. L' Union des Femmes macedonniennes. I4. Association des Femmes bulgares diplomees4. Organisation des Femmes de Dobroudja. des Universites.5. L'Association des Femmes de la Thrace. I5. Union Cooperative de Femmes.6. Les Femmes des regions de l'Ouest. 16. Union de Femmes Social-Democratique.7. Association feminine (( Mere ). I7. Association de Jeunes Femmes Chretiennes.8. Association feminine ((Conscience )). I8. Association Evangelique de Femmes.9. Association feminine "cSoins matemels)). 19. Organisation Sioniste de Femmes.

io. Association feminine ((Abnegation )). 20. Association des Femmes antialcooliques.II. Association feminine ( Soeur ). 21. Association de Jeunes Femmes (( Source fraiche )).

3, D'Au triche:;

Internationale de I'Education Socialiste, Vienne. (Resolution.)

437 -

4. Great Britain:

I. North Wales Women's Peace Council. The President has received from the North Wales Women's Peace Councilthe following lists of forty-four meetings, held under the auspices of that organisation, at which resolutions were adopted in supportof the abolition of aggressive armaments:

First List:

Quarterly Council N. Wales Women's Peace Council held at Bangor. Chair: Mrs. E. O. Price.Wrexham: Dis. Nursing Association. ,, Mrs. Ogwen Jones.Bangor: National Council of Women, Public Meeting Y.M.C.A. ,, Councillor E. Chamberlain.Bangor: National Council of Women, Executive Committee, Y.W.C.A. ,, Mrs. Wallace.Bangor: Society of Friends. ,, Miss Rathbone.Bangor: Ebenezer Chapel. ,, Rev. Hugh Owen Hughes.Llanfairfechan: Women's Institute. , Miss E. O. Jones.Llanfairfechan: Welsh C. M. Church. ,, Rev. R. J. Hughes.Llanfairfechan: Horeb Methodist Chapel. ,, Rev. Llywelyn Jones.Tregarth: Presbyterian Social. ,, Mr. Arthur Williams.Tregarth: Welsh Congregational. ,, Rev. W. Jones.Bethesda: Gerlan Welsh Presbyterian. ,, Rev. E. R. Jones.Deiniolen: Women's Meeting. ,, Miss Kate Hughes.Clwtybont: Public Meeting. ,, Mr. David Evans.Llandudno Junction: Women's Institute. ,, Mrs. Preston.Merionethshire:

Blaenaufestiniog: Welsh Congregational. ,, Rev. George Davise.," Welsh Presbyterian. ,, Rev. John Williams.

Flintshire:

Flint: Wesleyan Church. , Rev. W. Price.St. John's Congregational. , Mr. R. W. Barber, J.P.

, Caersalem Welsh Chapel. , Rev. R. J. Williams.Chester Rd. Presbyterian. ,, Rev. Idris Roberts B.A.

Mold Bethesda Church. ,, Rev. Thomas Jones., Pentir Sunday School. ,, Rev. W. Evans., Bethel Chapel. ,, Mr. David Isaac., Welsh Presbyterian. ,, Rev. Ivor Platt B.A., Ebenezer Baptist. ,, Rev. T. G. Davies., Pendref Wesleyan. ,, Rev. J. E. Thomas., English Congregational. , Rev. J. Rees.

Primitive Methodist. ,, Mr. W. E. Piers., Tabernacle Wesleyan. ,, Rev. Ed. Hughes.

Presbyterian Women's Meeting. Miss Emily Edwards.Leeswood: Dis. Women's Liberal Association. ,, Mrs. C. A. Hughes.Cilcain: Women's Temperance. ,, Miss H. Thomas.

Women's Meeting. , Mr. Evan Davies.Acrefair (Wrex.): Baptist Mission. ,, Mr. G. C. Williams.

London: Welsh Women's Temperance Association. ,, Mrs. Tudor Evans.

Second List:

Carnarvonshire:

Llanfairfechan: Welsh Presbyterian Church. , Mr. R. J. Davies.Llandudno Junction: Congregational Church. ,, Rev. T. E. Roberts.

Merionethshire:

Blaenauffestiniog: Eglwys Jerusalem. ,, Rev. Lewis Evans B.A.Tanygrisiau: Welsh Presbyterian. ,, Rev. W. I. Jones.

Flintshire:

Buckley: Urban District Council. ,, Mr. F. E. D. Hibbert., Labour Party. , Mr. E. H. Jones.

Dis. Branch L. of N. U. , Mr. Chas. Duckworth.

Anglesey:

Brynsiencyn: Women's Meeting. ,, Mrs. M. W. Jones.

2. The General Assembly of Unitarian and Free Christian Churches, London. (Resolution.)3. The National Council of Women of Great Britain, London. (Resolution.)4. Letchworth Disarmament Council, Letchworth. (Resolution.)5. Joint meeting of the Society of Friends of Mid-Somerset and West Somerset, at Burnham-on-Sea. (Resolution.)6. Meeting of the Society of Friends, Kingston-on-Thames. (Resolution.)7. The Primitive Methodist Churches of Shiney Row, New Penshaw, New Lambton, Lumley, Lumley Thicks, Newbottle,

Houghton-le-Spring, New Brancepeth and the Moorsley Wesleyan Sisterhood. (Resolutions.)8. League of Nations Union. Hoylake and West Kirby Branch. (Resolution.)9. Letchworth Preparative Meeting of the Society of Friends, Letchworth, Herts. (Resolution.)

Io. The King's Own Mission (Methodist) of the Christian Endeavour Society, Kennington, London. (Resolution.)11.: The Co-operative Women's Guild, Taunton, Somerset. (Resolution.) -

- 438 -i

I2. The N.B.W.T.A.U. West Kirby Branch. (Resolution.)13. The Denmark Place Sisterhood, London. (Resolution.)14. The following Branches of the Women's International League in Great Britain:

Tunbridge Wells and District Branch,Roe Green Women's Auxiliary Branch.Anson Guild Meeting. Manchester and Salford Co-operative Society.Stretford Women's Co-operative Guild.Droylsden Central Co-operative Women's Guild.Butler Street Men's Guild. Berwick Co-operative Society.Droylsden Guild of the Droylsden Co-operative Society, Clayton.The National British Women's Total Abstinence Union, Walkden Branch.

(Resolutions.)I5. The New Southgate Women's Adult School, London. (Resolution.)i6. Stockport Joint Disarmament Committee. (Resolution.)17. Kingston-on-Thames Congregational Church. (Resolution.)i8. Women's Adult School, Tunbridge Wells. (Resolution.)i9. Rusholme Co-operative Women's Guild, Manchester. (Resolution.)20. The National British Women's Total Abstinence Union, London. (Resolution.)2I. New Lambton Wesley Guild. (Resolution.)22. Wesleyan Church, Moorsley. (Resolution.)23. The Society of Friends, Bath. (Resolution.)24. The National British Women's Total Abstinence Union, Durham City Branch. (Resolution.)25. The Warley Woods Labour Party. (Resolution.)26. Annual Assembly of the National Council of the Evangelical Free Churches at Blackpool. (Resolution.)27. The Women's Co-operative Guild, East Southsea Branch. (Resolution.)28. The Workers' Educational Association, Street Branch, Somerset. (Resolution.)29. The Holyake and West Kirby Labour Party. (Resolution.)

III. ADDITIONS ET CORRECTIONS A LA LISTE DES III. ADDITIONS AND CORRECTIONS TO THE LISTDLEGUES. OF DELEGATES.

Delegation allemande: M. Ernst BRANDENBURG a ete nomme German delegation: M. Ernst BRANDENBURG has beendelegue; il siegera a la Commission aerienne en qualite de appointed as delegate to the Conference and will act as firstpremier delegue de l'Allenmagne, en remplacement de M. von representative of Germany on the Air Commission in place ofMcellendorff. M. von Mcellendorff continuera de sieger i la M. von Mcellendorff. M. von Mcellendorff will continue toCommission des depenses nationales. act as hitherto on the National Defence Expenditure

Commission.

Delegation turque: Le lieutenant-colonel Fahri bey et le Turkish delegation: On the departure from Geneva oflieutenant-commandant Kazim bey quittant Geneve, la dele- Lieut-Col. Fahri Bey and Lieut. Com. Kazim Bey, the dele-gation turque sera ainsi constituee: gation of Turkey will be constituted as follows:

Commission politique: Political Commission:

Delegues: Cemal HUSNU bey; Necmettin SADIK bey. Delegates: Cemal HtUSNU Bey; Necmettin SADIK Bey.Suppleant: APTULAHAT bey. Substitute: APTULAHAT Bey.

Commission navale: Naval Commission:

Delegues: Cemal HUSNU bey; Necmettin SADIK bey. Delegates: Cemal HUSNt Bey; Necmettin SADIIK Bey.Expert: Colonel NURI bey. Expert: Colonel NURI Bey.

Commission aerienne: Air Commission:

Delegue: Necmettin SADIK bey. Delegate: Necmettin SADIK Bey.Suppleant: APTtLAHAT bey. Substitute: APTULAHAT Bey.Expert: Colonel NURI bey. Expert: Colonel NURI Bey.

Commission terrestre: Land Commission:

Delegue: Necmettin SADIK bey. Delegate: Necmettin SADIK Bey.Suppleant: APTtLAHAT bey. Substitute: APTULAHAT Bey.Expert: Colonel NURI bey. Expert: Colonel NURI Bey.

Commission des depenses de defense nationale: National Defence Expenditure Commission:

Delegue: Necmettin SADIK bey. Delegate: Necmettin SADIK Bey.Expert: Colonel NURI bey. Expert: Colonel NURI Bey.

IV. LISTE DES DOCUMENTS DISTRIBUIS A LA IV. LIST OF DOCUMENTS DISTRIBUTED TO THECONFERENCE. CGONFERENCE.

Journal de la Conference, NO 53- Journal of the Conference, No. 53.

IMPRIE ALBERT KUNDIG, GENEVE. PRINTED BY ALBEIRT KUNDIO, GBNzVA

SOCIETE DES NATIONS LEAGUE OF NATIONS

- .. . CONFERENCEPOUR LA FOR THE

REDUCTION ET LIMITATION DES ARMEMENTSREDUCTION AND LIMITATION OF ARMAMENTS

GENEVE 1932 GENEVA 1932

N 55. - MARDI 26 AVRIL 1932. No. 55- ,TUESDAY, APRIL 26TH, 1932.

COMMUNICATIONS A LA RIDACTION DU JOURNAL COMMUNICATIONS TO THE EDITOR OF THEDE LA CONFERENCE. CONFERENCE JOURNAL.

Les communications et informations a insrere dans le Journal Material to be included in the Journal should be addresseddoivent Wtre adresses a M. John Palmer, redacteur en chef, to the Editor, Mr. John Palmer, Room 7Io, Committeebureau 7Io, Batiment des Commissions. Building.

Note: Le Journal est publie pour la commodite de MM. les Note: The Journal is issued for the convenience of the delegatesdeleggus et du public. On n'y trouvera pas un compte rendu and the public. It is not intended to serve as a complete andcomplet et definitif des seances de la Conference et des Commis- permanent record of the discussions which take place in thesions; ii ne doit donc pas etre employe comme source de documen- Conference and its Commissions, and it should not therefore betation. Au surplus, si l'on veut qu'il paraisse tres exactement, used for purposes of reference. Moreover, if it is to appearil ne saurait donner autre chose qu'un resumen sommaire des promptly, it cannot give' more than a brief summary of thediscussions. discussions.

SOMMAIRE. CONTENTS.Pages Page

I. Progra.mme des seances ................ 439 . Programme of Meetings ............... 439II. Bureau de la Conf6rence: Dixieme seance ........ 440 II. Bureau of the Conference: Tenth Meeting. ........ 440

III. Commission politique: Comit6 pour le d6sarmement moral 441 III. Political Commission: Committee on Moral Disarmament . 44IV. Liste des documents distribu6s a la Conf6rence ..... 442 IV. List of Documents distributed to the Conference ..... 442

I. PROGRAMME DES SEANCES. I. PROGRAMME OF MEETINGS.

Commission gdnerale. General Commission.La Commission generale tiendra une seance publique le There will be a public meeting of the General Commission

mardi 26 avril, ta io heures, au Batiment des Commissions to-day, Tuesday, April 26th, at Io a.m. in the Committee(salle G.) Building (Room G).

Ordre du jour: Agenda:

Communication du President concernant les decisions Coinmunication by the President concerning the decisionsprises par le Bureau. taken by the Bureau.

Commission des depenses de defense nationale. "! Commission on National Defence Expenditure.

La Commission des depenses de defense nationale se reunira The Commission on National Defence Expenditure will meetaujourd'huimardi26avril, a II heures, au Batiment des Com- at II a.m. to-day, Tuesday, April 26th, in the Committeemissions (salle H). Building (Room H).

440_-: :

Ordre du jour: Agenda:Rapport sur l'etat des travaux du Comite technique. Report on the work of the Technical Committee.

Commission terrestre. Land Commission.

La Commission terrestre se reunira aujourd'hui mardi The Land Commission will meet to-day, Tuesday, April 26th,26 avril, a ii heures, au Batiment des Commissions (salle G). at ii a.m. in the Committee Building (Room G).

Ordre du jour: Agenda:Examen des questions renvoyees & la Commission Consideration of the questions referred to the Commis-

par la resolution de la Commission generale en date du sion under the resolution adopted by the General Conn-22 avril. mission on April 22nd.

Commission navale. Naval Commission.

La Commission navale se reunira aujourd'hui mardi 26 The Naval Commission will meet to-day, Tuesday, April 26th,avril, a I6 h. 30, au Batiment des Commissions (salle H). at 4.30 p.m. in the Committee Building (Room H).

Ordre du jour: Agenda:Examen des questions renvoyees a la Commission Consideration of the questions referred to the Commis-

par la resolution de la Commission generale en date du sion under the resolution adopted by the General Conm-22 avril. mission on April 22nd.

Commission adrienne. Air Commission.

La Commission aerienne se reunira demain mercredi 27 The Air Commission will meet to-morrow, Wednesday,avril, a Io heures, au Batiment des Commissions (salle G). April 27th, at Io a.m. in the Committee Building. (Room G).

Ordre du jour: Agenda:Examen des questions renvoyees a la Commission par Consideration of the questions referred to the Commis-

la resolution de la Commission generale en date du 22 avril. sion under the resolution adopted by the GeneralCommission on April 22nd.

II. BUREAU DE LA CONFERENCE: DIXIEME:SEANCE. II. BUREAU OF THE CONFERENCE:TENTH MEETING.

Le Bureau de la Conference s'est reuni hier lundi 25 avril, The Bureau of the Conference met yesterday, Mondaya ii heures, sous la presidence de M. Arthur HENDERSON. April 25th, at Ix a.m. under the Chairmanship of Mr. Arthur

HENDERSON.Le Bureau a approuve le rapport de M. Benes, exposant les The Bureau approved the report submitted to it by M. Benesresultats de la reunion des presidents des commissions terrestre, on the results of a meeting of the Presidents of the Land,navale et aerienne et fixant la procedure a suivre pour la mise Naval and Air ommissions held on Saturday April 3rda execution des instructions contenues dans la resolution voteepar la Commission generale le vendredi 22 avril. Cette resolution indicating the procedure to be followed in carrying out thepar la Commlssion genrale le vendredi 22 avril. Cette resolution instructions embodied in the resolution voted by the Generalinvitait les trois commissions a determiner les armes ayant les Commission on Friday, April 22nd. The three Commissionscaracteres les plus specifiquement offensifs, ou qui ont le plus had, under that resolution, been asked to select those weaponsd'efficacite contre la defense nationale, ou qui sent les plus whose character was the most specifically offensive or thosemenacantes pour la population civile. |most efficacious against national defence or those most

threatening to civilians.Les trois commissions n'auraient pas a s'occuper de la The three Commissions had not been required to deal with

question de principe, qui vient d'etre tranchee par les resolu- the question of principle, which had been settled by the reso-tions adoptees par la Commission generale; elles n'auraient lutions adopted by the General Commission. They haddonc a determiner, chacune en ce qui la concerne, que la liste |merely been asked to establish, each within its special province,des armes, conformement aux donnees ci-dessus. a list of weapons in conformity with the indications given to

them.Un echange de vues a eu lieu sur la marche des travaux |The Bureau discussed the future programme of work of the

futurs de la Conference, echange de vues auquel ont pris part Conference and heard the observations of M. BENES (Czecho-M. BENES, rapporteur, le baron RAMEL (Suede), M. Hugh slovakia), Rapporteur, Baron RAMEL (Sweden), Mr. HughGIBSON (Etats-Unis d 'Amerique), lord LONDONDERRY GIBSON (United States of America), Lord LONDONDERRY(Royaume-Uni), M. NADOLNY (Allemagne) et M. LOUNAT- (United Kingdom), M. NADOLNY (Germany), and M. LOUNAT-CHARSKY (Union des Republiques sovietistes socialistes). CHARSY (Union of Soviet Socialst Republics).

Sur la proposition du PRESIDENT, le Bureau a decide e The Bureau, on the proposal of the President, decided tosuggerer a la Commission generale d'ajourner ses travaux suggest that the Genera Commission should adjourn its workjusqu a ce qu' i ait recu le rapport confie aux trois commis- until it had received the report which the Land, Naval and Airsions terrestre, navale et aerienne, au sujet de la reduction Commissions had been asked to submit on the qualitativequalitative des armements. Le Bureau a estime en effet que reduction of armaments. The Bureau considered that theIla solution qui interviendrait en ce qui concerne la deter- |solution to be given to the problem of selecting weapons deemedmination des armes offensives aurait une influence directe to be offensiv would have a direct bearing on the decisionssur les decisions que la Commission generale serait appelee i which the General Commission would have to take regardingprendre en ce qui concerne les questions figurantau chapitre B the questions arising under Chapter of its Agenda.de son orodre du jour. gurantau chaPitre B the questions arising under Chapter B of its Agenda.de son ordre du jour.

Le Bureau proposera une courte suspension des travaux, The Bureau will propose to the General Commission that thered'environ quatre jours, a l'occasion des fetes de Pentec6te. should be a short vacation of about four days at Whitsuntide.

_ -~ -44'

IIl. COMITE DU DESARMEMENT: TROISIEME SEANCE. II. COMMITTEE ON MORAL DISARMAMENT:THIRD MEETING.

Le Comite du desarmement moral s'est reuni hier lundi The Committee on Moral Disarmament met yesterday,25 avril, sous lapresidence de M. PERRIER (Suisse). Monday, April 25th, under the Chairmanship of M. PERRIER

(Switzerland).

RAPPORT DU SOUS-COMITE. REPORT OF THE SUB-COMMITTEE.

Le Comite prend connaissance des conclusions du Sous-Comite The Committee noted the conclusions of the Sub-Committeequ'il avait institue pout determiner son programme de travail. appointed to determine its programme of work.

Ce sous-comite propose, dans l'ordre suivant, 1 etude des The Sub-Committee had proposed that the following ques-questions ci-dessous: enseignement; radiophonie; cinema- tions should be taken in the following order: Education,tographie; theatre; Presse; questions juridiques. Broadcasting, Cinematography, the Theatre, the Press and

Legal Questions.Le rapport definit ainsi les principes generaux qui doivent The Sub-Committee had thus defined the general principles

presider a la tache du Comite: by which its work should be guided.(( La Societe des Nations a considere des ses debuts le "From its inception the League of Nations has regarded

probleme du desarmement moral comme essentiel et the problem of moral disarmament as an essential oneexprimant la fin ideale de la Societe. S'il n'a pas paru etre and as expressing the ideal aim of the League of Nations.au premier plan, c'est en raison de la complexite des If it has not received greater prominence, this is dueproblemes que posent le rapprochement intellectuel entre to the complexity of the problems raised by intellectualles peuples et le choix des moyens de le favoriser. )) rapprochement and by the choice of the means of pro-

moting it."

De l'avis du Sous-Comite, il conviendrait: The Sub-Committee had put forward the following desi-derata:

a) D'assurer a l'ceuvre de la Societe, en dehors des (a) The assistance of intellectual and moral forces,delegations officielles, le concours des forces intellectuelles outside the official. delegations, to be secured for the worket morales; of the League of Nations.

b) De grouper et coordonner les efforts qui, nationale- (b) The grouping and co-ordination of the effortsment ou internationalement, s'appliquent a l'etude objec- applied in the national or international sphere to thetive des problemes internationaux, notamment dans le objective study of international problems, particularlydomaine de l'enseignement: concours des grandes asso- in connection with education; assistance of the big nationalciations nationales et internationales interessees a la and international associations interested in the teachingformation de la jeunesse; of youth.

c) De coordonner dans le cadre de la Societe les travaux (c) The co-ordination within the framework of thedes administrations, departements officiels et parfois des League of the work of the administrations, official depart-institutions semi-officielles traitant de questions d'enseigne- ments, and certain semi-official institutions, dealing withment, de culture, etc.; questions of education, culture, etc.

d) De faire mieux comprendre les autres pays et len- (d) An increased comprehension of other countries andsemble du monde; de lutter contre les tendances a l'isole- of the world as a whole; a struggle against the tendenciesment qui sont a la base de tous les malentendus; d'inter- to isolation which lie at the root of all misunderstanding;preter les cultures et les civilisations; d'elever progressive- the interpretation of cultures and civilisations; the neces-ment le niveau moral et intellectuel de l'humanite (entr'aide sity of progressively raising the moral and intellectualgouvernementale); de prendre des mesures collectives ou standard of humanity (intergovernmental co-operation);nationales pour la formation des adultes, les loisirs des collective or national measures relating to adult educationtravailleurs, etc.; de diffuser les connaissances, les littera- and the use of workers' spare time; the diffusion oftures, d'etudier la question des traductions litteraires et knowledge and literature; a study of the question ofscientifiques; literary and scientific translations.

e) Pour tous les gouvernements et pour la Soci6et, d'ap- (e) The necessity for all the Governments and for thepuyer officiellement l'action de l'Organisation de cooperation League of Nations to give official support to the action ofintellectuelle, de faciliter a leurs administrations la colla- the Intellectual Co-operation Organisation, to assist theirboration avec les organismes centraux de la Societe, d'assu- administrations in co-operating with the central orgnisationsrer aux uns et aux autres les moyens materiels necessaires of the League and to provide them with the materialpour accomplir leur tache. resources necessary for the accomplishment of their task.

M. ASCHMAN (Allemagne) donne son adhesion au programme M. ASCHMAN (Germany) accepted the programme.du Sous-Comite.

M. PELLA (Roumanie) demande, en raison du caractere M. PELLA (Roumania) asked that the question of broad-special que presente la radiophonie et des difficultes de tous casting should be reserved, in view of its special characterordres qu'elle souleve, que cette question soit reservee pour and the various difficulties which it raised. On the otherla fin. D'autre part, ii desirerait que le probleme de la Presse hand, he would wish the question of the Press to be studied atsoit etudie sans retard. once.

M. SZUMLAKOWSKI (Pologne) croit que les travaux du Comite M. SZUMLAKOWSKI (Poland) thought that the work of theauront une influence heureuse sur ceux de la Conference, en Committee would affect favourably that of the Conference byrenforcant la cause de la paix et en rapprochant les peuples par strengthening the cause of peace and increasing mutual under-la comprehension mutuelle. La Pologne estime que certaines standing between the peoples. Poland considered that certainquestions relatives a l'enseignement, a la radiophonie, a la questions concerning education, broadcasting, cinematographycinematographie et au theatre, sont mfres pour une solution and the theatre, were ripe for an international solution andinternationale et qu'elles pourront faire l'objet d'accords. could be dealt with by agreement.

M. MUSHAKOJI (Japon) demande que la question de la Presse M. MUSHAKIOJI (Japan) asked that the question of the Presset la propagation des fausses nouvelles ne soit pas ajournee, and the spread of false news should not be adjourned because,car, a son avis, elle a une importance capitale, nota.nment in his opinion, it was of practical importance, in particular,pur ies pays lointains. for distant countr.les.

44 --. ___ , . ... ... . , _ , . . —-4. ,.. ,.. ,............

M. DE BROUCKERE (Belgique) declare qu'il donne son appui M. DE BROUCKERE (Belgium) said that he would supporta toute proposition de nature a developper les bonnes relations any proposal calculated to: develop the" relations-- betweenentre les peuples, mais il ne voudrait pas que cette entreprise peoples, but he did not: wish that development to be basedfut fondee sur les nouvelles officielles; il est pour le libre upon official news; he was in favour of the free exchange ofechange des idees, persuade qlue les bonnes idees triompheront. ideas and convinced that the good ideas would triumph. TwoDeux elements sont, a son avis, necessaires a un ordre de choses things, he considered, were necessary in the interests of stability:stable: la paix et la liberte. peace and freedom.

Le rapport du Sous-Comite est adopts. The Commnittee adopted the report of the Sub-Committee.

ENSEIGNEMENT. EDUCATION.

M. Henri BONvNET, Directeur de l'Institut international | M. BONNET, Director of the International Institute of Intel-

de Cooperation intellectuelle, rappelle que le desarmement lectual Co-operatlon, recalled that moral disarmamentlwas amoral par le rapprochement des esprits est un facteur essentiel fundamental factor in the work of the League There was node l'ceuvre de la Societe. I1 ne s'agit pas d'imposer des regles question of laying down definite rules for international colla-

fixes pour la collaboration des peuples, mais d'organiser le boration, but of organlsmg joint work. As regarded education,travail en cdmmun. En ce qui concerne l'enseignement, le it would be difficult for the Committee to express an opinion

l'echange des professeurs; mais il y a certains points larticuliers n regard to whch it could take useful acton, such as the revi-

sur lesquels il pourrait agir utilement, comme la revision des sion of school books. TheCommittee might, moreovei di

manuels scolaires. Le Comite pourrait, en outre, indiquer les cte the questions upon which the League could suitably

questions sur lesquelles il conviendrait que la Societe portat concentrate.ulterieurement son effort.

M. ASCHMAN (Allemagne) annonce qu'il deposera une resolu- M. ASCHAN (Germany) said he ould submit a resolutiotion tendant a ce que les parties contractantes s'inspirent, to the effect that the parties should base their decisions on the

principles contained in Article I48 of the German Constitutiondans les decisions qu'elles prendront, des principes contenus principlescontained Article 148 0 theGermanConstitutiodans l'article 148 de la Constitution allemande. Cet article which recommended chat in schools the teachers should have

recormmande que, dans les ecoles, les maitres tiennent compte [regard both to national tradition and to the necessity of recon-

a la fois de l'esprit national et de l'esprit de reconciliation des ciling the peoples.peuples.

IV. LISTE DES DOCUMENTS DISTRIBUES IV. LIST OF DOCUMENTS DISTRIBUTED

A LA CONFERENCE. TO THE CONFERENCE.

Journal de la Conference, No 54. Journal of the Conference, No. 54.

Conf.D/C.G./P.C.i6. Commission generale: Proces-verbal pro- Conf.D/C.G./P.V.i6. General Commission: Provisional Mi-visoire de la seizieme seance. nutes of the Sixteenth Meeting.

IMUPRyI[ERIE ALBERT KUNDIG. GEN.E. PRINTED BY ALBERT KUNDIG, GENEVA.