POVERTY

POVERTYPresented by:MLS 2-F

Jaira AvanceNjud CaturasCaren GayanocheCamille MagarseNeva Hope Palomo

MLS 2F; Group 4

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What is Poverty?MLS 2F; Group 4

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World bank

Poverty is pronounced deprivation in well-being, and comprises many dimensions. It includes low incomes and the inability to acquire the basic goods and services necessary for survival with dignity. Poverty also encompasses low levels of health and education, poor access to clean water and sanitation, inadequate physical security, lack of voice, and insufficient capacity and opportunity to better ones life.

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Types of poverty

Absolute Poverty

Measure of poverty based on a set standard that is consistent over time and between countries, referring to the chronic lack of basic food, clean water, health and housing.

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Relative Poverty

The condition in which people lack the minimum amount of income needed in order to maintain the average standard of living in the society in which they live

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Situational Poverty

Generally caused by a sudden crisis or loss and is often temporary.

Events causing situational poverty include environmental disasters, divorce, or severe health problems.MLS 2F; Group 4

>>Sometimes, people can help themselves out of this situation quickly if they are given a bit of assistance, as the cause of their situations was just one unfortunate event.

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Generational

Occurs in families where at least two generations have been born into poverty. Families living in this type of poverty are not equipped with the tools to move out of their situations.MLS 2F; Group 4

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Urban

This particular type of poverty is only for metropolitan areas with populations over 50,000. Overcrowding, violence, noise, and poor community help programs make it even more difficult for people suffering of this type of poverty to get out of it.

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limited access to employment opportunities and income,inadequate and insecure housing and services,violent and unhealthy environments,little or no social protection mechanisms, andlimited access to adequate health and education opportunities.>>Dynamic condition of vulnerability or susceptibility to risks

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Rural

Occurs in nonmetropolitan areas with populations below 50,000. In rural areas, there are more single-guardian households, and families often have less access to services, support for disabilities, and quality education opportunities.MLS 2F; Group 4

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Measuring povertyThreshold Income level or Ethical Poverty Linerealistic and moral account of absolute povertyWorld bank defines extreme poverty as living on less than $1.25 per day. And moderate poverty as less than $2 a dayPoverty line is based on a threshold of 60% of the national median equivalized household income : Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) and the European Union

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Others methods: Multidimensional Poverty indexUses three dimensions, measured using ten indicators

H: Percentage of people who are MPI poor (incidence of poverty)

A: Average intensity of MPI poverty across the poor (%)MLS 2F; Group 4

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Example: NigerMPI = 0.642H = 0.927A = 0.693

In Niger, 92.7% of the country's population is MPI poor (they are deprived in at least 33.33% of the weighted indicators, by definition). Those who are MPI poor suffer from deprivation in 69.3% of indicators, on average.

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CAUSES OF POVERTYMLS 2F; Group 4

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lack of education

large scale import

labor standards

lack of control of local resources

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Lack of democracy in a country

Corruption

Insufficient Law and order

Limited property and personal property rights

Not allowing businesses to keep most of their profits

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Overpopulation

Housing

Inequality

natural disasters

Lack of Education

Violence

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EFFECTS OF POVERTYMLS 2F; Group 4

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Much shorter lives

Low birth weight

Poor nutrition

Chronic conditions such as asthma, anemia, and pneumonia

Risky behaviors such as smoking or engaging in early sexual activity

Exposure to environmental contaminants, e.g., lead paint and toxic waste dumps

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Exposure to violence in their communities which can lead to trauma, injury, disability, and mortality

Higher risk of both illness and premature death

Children from low income families are more likely to die at birth or in infancy than children born into richer families

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Low life expectancy

Utilities

shelter

Hunger

Children living in poverty are at greater risk of behavioral and emotional problems

Inadequate education contributes to the cycle of poverty

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MLS 2F; Group 4 Unemployment

Increased Crime Rate

High Infant Mortality and Annual Death Rate

Increase in hygiene and diet related diseases

Mass emigration of population

Genocide

Terrorism

STATISTICAL UPDATESMLS 2F; Group 4

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World Poverty StatisticsWorld PovertyStatisticsTotal Percentage of World Population that lives onless than$2.50 a day50%Totalnumberof people thatliveonless than$2.50 a day3 BillionTotal Percentage of People thatliveonless than$10 a day80%Total percent of World Populations thatlivewhere income differentials are widening80%Total Percentage of World Income the richest 20% account for75%TotalNumberof children that die each day due to Poverty22,000TotalNumberof People inDeveloping Countrieswith Inadequate Access to Water1.1 billionTotalNumberof School Days lost to Water Related Illness443 million school days

Source: Global Issues, The Human Development ReportMLS 2F; Group 4

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Child World PovertyStatisticsNumberof children in the world2.2 billionNumberof Children thatlivein Poverty1 billionTotalNumberof Children thatlivewithout adequate shelter640 million (1 in 3)TotalNumberof Children without access to safe water400 million (1 in 5)TotalNumberof Children with no access to HealthServices270 million (1 in 7)TotalNumberof Children who die annually from lack of access to safe drinking water and adequate sanitation1.4 million

World Poverty StatisticsSource: Global Issues, The Human Development ReportMLS 2F; Group 4

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U.S.AEUROPE

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AFRICA

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Asia Poverty StatisticsMLS 2F; Group 4

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CHINA

JAPAN

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VIETNAMINDIA

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Philippines Poverty Statistics

Results from the 2010 Annual Poverty Indicators SurveyMLS 2F; Group 4

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Poverty to Wealthy RatioStatisticsYearRatio of People at Poverty to Wealthy Level201388 to 1199272 to 1197344 to 1195035 to 1191311 to 118203 to 1

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Solutions to reduce povertyMLS 2F; Group 4

Increasing the supply of basic needs

Food and other goods

Health care and education

Removing constraints on government services

Reversing brain drain

Controlling overpopulation

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Increasing personal income

Income grants

Economic freedoms

Financial services

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Wealth concentration

Climate change

Voluntary

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Jobs are essential to lifting people out of poverty.

Well-designed policies to identify and reach the poor can play an effective role in poverty reduction. Policy recommendations of world bank

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Promoting inclusiveness and equal opportunities is good for economic development.

Promoting shared prosperity

Advanced technologies created opportunities to re-engineer and upgrade traditional systems and to empower beneficiaries. MLS 2F; Group 4

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POVERTY IS THE WORST FORM OF VIOLENCE

-MAHATMA GANDHIMLS 2F; Group 4

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