Power Communicator€¦ · Web viewIntroduction 4. Primary objective; 4. Secondary objective; 4. Module 1- Solo 7. Nonverbal communication (NVC) 12. Gesture. 12. Body Language

Power Communicator - Workshop

Table of Content

Introduction......................................................................................................4Primary objective;........................................................................................4Secondary objective;...................................................................................4

Module 1- Solo..................................................................................................7Nonverbal communication (NVC).............................................................12

Gesture......................................................................................................12Body Language..........................................................................................12Notes: Posture............................................................................................13Posture.......................................................................................................14Facial Expression.......................................................................................15Facial Expression.......................................................................................15Eye Contract..............................................................................................16What is Home Base Position?.....................................................................16

Listening Skills...........................................................................................18What we listen for?....................................................................................18

Module 2 – Stage Phobia...............................................................................19Stage phobia...............................................................................................20

What Is Speech Anxiety?............................................................................21Breath in Breath out!.................................................................................22

Module 3 – Self Confidence...........................................................................23Self-confidence...........................................................................................24

The Verbal Element....................................................................................24The Vocal Element.....................................................................................24The Visual Element....................................................................................25Posture.......................................................................................................25Movement..................................................................................................25Eye Contact................................................................................................25Hand Gestures...........................................................................................26Visual Aids.................................................................................................26

Module 4 – Speaking Verity..........................................................................29Voice.............................................................................................................31

Qualities of the Human Voice.....................................................................31Tone...........................................................................................................32Pitch...........................................................................................................32Volume.......................................................................................................32Pace...........................................................................................................32Inflection....................................................................................................32Resonation.................................................................................................32Articulation................................................................................................33Lips............................................................................................................33Soft Palate..................................................................................................33Tongue.......................................................................................................33Jaw.............................................................................................................33Vocal range................................................................................................33Pitch...........................................................................................................33

Protecting your voice:...............................................................................34Tongue Twisters!........................................................................................35

Module 5 – Gesticulation...............................................................................37Gestures......................................................................................................38

Emblems....................................................................................................38Iconic gestures...........................................................................................38Metaphoric gestures..................................................................................38

SL Training Team | © 2009 – Jagath J Jayasekera – All Rights Reserved | Version 1.11


Affect displays............................................................................................38Beat gestures.............................................................................................38Move around the stage..............................................................................40Taking the stage & engaging the audience................................................40

Tips...............................................................................................................41Module 6 – Intent...........................................................................................43

Intent...........................................................................................................44How to identify the presenter is a liar?..................................................45

Module 7 – Be in command of your audience............................................47Be in command of your audience!...........................................................48Handling Q&A..............................................................................................49Q&A - Tips!..................................................................................................50Using Visual Aid..........................................................................................51

Module 8 – Impromptu Speaking.................................................................53Impromptu Speaking.................................................................................54Formulating a speech................................................................................54

Opening.....................................................................................................54Body...........................................................................................................54

Module 9 – Story telling................................................................................55Story telling................................................................................................56

Module 10 - Socialization..............................................................................57Small Talk....................................................................................................58

Additional Reading........................................................................................61Additional reading.........................................................................................61About Virtusa.....................................................................................................64



Power Communicator - Complete Workshop Student Courseware

Author & Illustrator: Jagath Jeewantha JayasekeraEmail: [email protected]

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Version 1.0 – October 2009Version 1.1 – November 2009



Introduction

Primary objective;“Power Communication program will be the catalyst to groom Virtusans by enhancing the ability to communicate with confidence & clarity”

Secondary objective; “To provide an arena for the participants to demonstrate skills and knowledge gathered during the training program and interact with different tiers in the organization as well as engaged with the leadership”

After successful completion of this workshop you will able to;

Engage an audience immediatelyBuild Self-confidenceControl any audience at any timeCommunicate a clear messageCreate a positive lasting impressionOvercome speech anxiety and nervousnessUtilize intention as a powerful toolInfluence key decision makersAchieve an effective ‘Elevator pitch’Use their influence to build consensus

"Great speakers are not born, they're trained." - Dale Carnegie



1. What should be the presenter’s main objectives?

"Your ability to speak confidently on your feet will impress more people and open more doors than you can imagine. The Confident Speaker shows you how."

-Brian Tracy, bestselling author of The Psychology of Selling





Module 1- Solo

Solo SL Training Team | © 2009 – Jagath J Jayasekera – All Rights Reserved | Version 1.1

8




What is the most difficult resolution in conducting a presentation?

Have you gone through any training on communication/presentation prior to this training? [ ]Yes [ ]No

If Yes, list down the top 3 that you think of;

1

2

3

"You are not only responsible for what you say, but also for what you do not say."- Martin Luther



Skill Gap Analysis – Self Evaluation

List down areas that you want to improve during this workshop

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.



Self introduction

Note: Try to limit your presentation within 5 to 10 Minutes. Also try to grab the audience attention.

Feedback I got from the Coach/Participants:

1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Notes:

"Courage is what it takes to stand up and speak. Courage is also what it takes to sit down and listen."



-Winston Churchill

Nonverbal communication (NVC) Gesture Body Language Posture Facial Expression Eye Contact

Gesture“Visible bodily actions are used to communicate particular messages, either in place of speech or together and in parallel with spoken words”

The gesture allows individuals to express a variety of feelings and thoughts, from contempt and hostility to approval and affection. Most people use gestures and body language in addition to words when they speak. The use of gesture as language by some ethnic groups is more common than in others, and the amount of such gesturing that is considered culturally acceptable varies from one location to the next.

Body Language Body language consisting of body pose, gestures, and eye movements. Humans send and interpret such signals unconsciously.

Body language may provide cues as to the attitude or state of mind of a person. For example, it may indicate aggression, attentiveness, boredom, relaxed state, pleasure, amusement, besides may other cues.

Human communication consists of 93% body language and paralinguistic cues, while only 7% of communication consists of words themselves - Albert Mehrabian, the researcher whose 1960s



work is the source of these statistics, has stated that this is a misunderstanding of the findings.

Others assert that "Research has suggested that between 60% and 70% of all meaning is derived from nonverbal behavior."

Notes:



Posture

The word "posture" comes from the Latin verb "ponere" which is defined as "to put or place." The general concept of human posture refers to "the carriage of the body as a whole, the attitude of the body, or the position of the limbs (the arms and legs).

In contrast, a non-neutral spine leads to "improper posture, especially when walking, puts increased stress on your back and causes discomfort and damage."

A non-neutral spine develops as the result of a person's lifestyle. People who sit for long hours on the job are susceptible to a number of misalignments."

"Neutral spine" is ideally maintained while sitting, standing, and sleeping

Although quiet standing appears to be static, modern instrumentation shows it to be a process of rocking from the ankle in the sagittal plane. The sway of quiet standing is often likened to the motion of an inverted pendulum. [3] There are many mechanisms in the body that are suggested to control this movement, e.g. a spring action in muscles, higher control from the nervous system or core muscles.

Although standing per se isn't dangerous, there are pathologies associated with it. One short term condition is orthostatic hypotension, and long term conditions are sore feet, stiff legs and low back pain.



Facial Expression

A facial expression results from one or more motions or positions of the muscles of the face. These movements convey the emotional state of the individual to observers. Facial expressions are a form of nonverbal communication. They are a primary means of conveying social information among humans, but also

occur in most other mammals and some other animal species.



Eye Contract

Eye contact is a meeting of the eyes between two individuals.

In human beings, eye contact is a form of nonverbal communication and is thought to have a large influence on social behavior. Coined in the early to mid-1960s, the term has come in

the West to often define the act as a meaningful and important sign of confidence and social communication.[2] The customs and significance of eye contact vary widely between cultures, with religious and social differences often altering its meaning greatly.Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nonverbal_communication

What is Home Base Position?

Home base position – It is important to know your natural home base position. Discover your home base position in front of the class!



Specialty – Distance between you and your audience. How well you maintain that?



"Perhaps you will forget tomorrow the kind words you say today, but the recipient may cherish them over a lifetime."

- Dale Carnegie

NOTE:

Non Verbal Communication can be communicated through object communication such as clothing, hairstyles or even architecture, symbols and infographics. Speech contains nonverbal elements known as paralanguage, including voice quality, emotion and speaking style, as well as prosodic features such as rhythm, intonation and stress. Dance is also regarded as a nonverbal communication. Likewise, written texts have nonverbal elements such as handwriting style, spatial arrangement of words, or the use of emoticons.

However, much of the study of nonverbal communication has focused on face-to-face interaction, where it can be classified into three principal areas: environmental conditions where communication takes place, the physical characteristics

of the communicators, and behaviors of communicators during interaction. Picture: PIERCE BROSNAN (Actor - James Bond); what’s the impression you see?



Listening SkillsListening makes our co-workers feel worthy, appreciated, interesting, and respected.

In the business world, listening saves time and money by preventing misunderstandings. And we always learn more when we listen than when we talk.

What we listen for?

Obtain information Understand Enjoyment Learn

Do’s

— Pay attention— Minimize external distractions— Provide Feedback— Respond appropriately — Keep eye contact— Keep an open eye

Don’ts

— Make judgment— Interrupt during presentation— Fast track before the presenter— Ask the presenter to complete the presentation before the allocated time— Divert the conversation (Distract)— Don’t give your opinion, unless presenter ask for the same

Note: Old habits are hard to break!

If you're finding it particularly difficult to concentrate on what someone is saying, try repeating their words mentally as they say it – this will reinforce their message and help you control mind drift.

"Man's inability to communicate is a result of his failure to listen effectively." - Carl Rogers



Module 2 – Stage Phobia



Stage Phobia

Stage phobia

One of the greatest battles you will face at the foot step of a presentation is to walk in front of an audience. You must take the ownership of the stage in order to present. Many of us do posses fear of going in front of an audience.

Symptoms are usually physical:

Sweaty palms Increased heart beat Shortness of breath Nausea Dry mouth Increased blood pressure Increased muscle tension

How we interpret the symptoms is most important

Confident speakers have the same symptoms but see them as a sign that they are "up" for the speech. Anxious speakers, on the other hand, interpret them as fear. They justify their fear by imagining what will happen if their speech is less than perfect. They become irrational, thinking that the audience will ridicule them if they make a mistake. This becomes a self-fulfilling prophesy because their fear causes them to stumble, increasing their fear even more. The truth is that audiences largely ignore errors and awkwardness if they are interested in the content of the speech.

What symptoms do you face during a presentation?



How to overcome the stage fright?

The most preeminent belief ‘practice make perfect’ “熟能生巧”



Tips to overcome anxiety;

Decide on your specific objective first. What points do you want to communicate? Put yourself in the audience's place. Analyze your audience and speak to them on their level. Don't memorize; don't read. Remember ideas, not words, phrases, sentences, etc. Us an outline to keep organized, and as a memory aid. Don't think about hands and facial expressions. Concentrate on the ideas you want to communicate, and let the hands

and face take care of them-selves. Take it slow and easy. Slow down and give the audience time to process your points. Speed is not a virtue in public speaking. Speak the way you talk. Speak the way you do in casual conversation with someone you respect. Expecting perfection is unrealistic and dumb. Ask for advice and criticism Solicit frank criticism about your idiosyncrasies that distract the

audience.

What Is Speech Anxiety?Speech anxiety is the fear one experiences when giving a speech in front of an audience. Other terms used by communication researchers to describe this fear include stage fright, reticence,

nervousness, and communication apprehension. The symptoms Ricardo suffered in the opening scenario are typical indicators that an individual is experiencing speech anxiety.

What Are Some of the Causes of Speech Anxiety?

I Failed Before, I'll Fail Again All Eyes Are on Me I'm Being Judged on This Speech I'm Not As Prepared As I Should Be I've Never Done This Before

"It takes one hour of preparation for each minute of presentation time."

- Wayne Burgraff



Breath in Breath out!

Breathing properly will able you to give a sound speech to the audience! That will demonstrate your confidence level as well as reconfirm credibility of your facts and figures. It is important to understand breathing techniques while you journey to become a successful presenter.

There are 3 basic types of breathing types (specially meant for singers):

1. Shoulder breathing (breathing from the shoulders which not recommended, considering you can only reach 30-40% of your breathing pomposity.

2. Stomach Breathing (breathing from the stomach is what most choir teachers instruct because it’s an easier exercise that reaches to 70-80% breathing pomposity.

3. Diaphragm breathing (breathing from the hips to the top of the rib cage. Here, you can reach the full 100% of breathing pomposity. MOST choir teachers only mention this in passing because it's EXTREMELY hard for even the most experienced singer to always reach this stage.

Average respiratory rates, by ageNewborns: Average 44 breaths per minute

Infants: 20–40 breaths per minutePreschool children: 20–30 breaths per minute

Older children: 16–25 breaths per minuteAdults: 12–20 breaths per minute

Adults during exercise: 35–45 breaths per minute

Athletes' peak: 60–70 breaths per minute

Discover the core breath! Take a deep breath and exhale while counting to 10!



Module 3 – Self Confidence

Self confidence



Self-confidence

Professor Albert Mehrabian, a highly regarded communications expert, conducted a landmark study of the relationship between three elements of communication. He found that individuals' initial perceptions of each other's communication break down three ways.

Verbal (what we say) 7%

Vocal (how we sound) 37% Visual (how we appear) 55%

Self confidence can be built upon: The Verbal Element (Eliminating words and phrases that

weaken your speech) The Vocal Element The Visual Element Posture Movement Eye Contact Hand Gestures Visual Aids

The Verbal Element

If you feel passionate and strongly about your subject, use strong words. "Perhaps," "kind of," and "sort of" are phrases that you may wish to avoid.

Replacing non-words with pauses. Non-words include "umms," "ahs," etc. As an exercise, you may wish to ask someone with whom you feel comfortable to say your name every time you use a non-word in a conversation. Your name will be a feedback tool and can help modify this often unconscious speech habit.

Using vivid language that is simple and direct. Use single-syllable words instead of three-syllable words, one word instead of three, etc. Do no use terms with which your audience may not be familiar unless you explain them.

Using words that feel natural for you.

Remembering the doctrine of primacy and decency, which refers to a person's tendency to remember beginnings and endings and lose what is in the middle.

The Vocal ElementHow we sound accounts for 38% of people's initial impressions of us. Jeff Cook, author of The Elements of Speechwriting and Public Speaking, writes that;



"If the eyes are the windows of the soul, the voice is the front door."

The voice conveys much information about the speaker. The voice can be tentative, suggesting a lack of confidence; or used as an asset, it can convey assuredness and a sense of control. It also can be used to add great variety to a presentation and to help the audience maintain its interest.

The Visual Element

If your body language is not consistent with your words, your message can be unclear and people may miss or not believe the spoken words. The following suggestions are a compilation of information extracted from various authorities on public speaking.

PostureWhen standing erect, balanced on both feet, and with shoulders back, an alert, enthusiastic, and confident manner is conveyed.

Lower body posturing is important as well. Going back on one hip can distance a speaker, as can rocking from side to side, going back and forth on heels and toes, etc. For practice, you may wish to stand against a wall with heels and shoulders touching the wall and then walk away. You may feel quite erect and this posture helps project confidence.

MovementMovement adds energy, can reflect confidence, and adds variety to our communications. For practice, observe yourself on video, or ask someone to count the number of steps you take when speaking in public. Often we take half steps. These movements can be seen as tentative. Practice consciously taking two steps in any given direction, forcing yourself to move with apparent purpose.

Eye ContactUse eye contact to establish rapport with your audience before you begin to speak. Don't ignore individuals sitting at the extreme ends. Be aware of any bias you have toward one side of a room.

If you are aware of a bias toward one side of a room, place your feet toward the side you usually miss. You will naturally turn around and face the people whom you would otherwise miss. (Adapted form Powerspeak, by Dorothy Leeds.)



Good eye contact means more than a fleeting glance. Maintain eye contact for about 4 or 5 seconds unless this would not be culturally acceptable.

Hand GesturesGesturing can be used for emphasis; however, some gestures can be distracting (i.e., moving hands while in pockets, etc.). Although it is common to have nervous gestures, you may wish to try and find out what your nervous gesture is and do anything but that gesture.

This effort may feel awkward, but actually looks quite relaxed and natural. If you want to vary your gestures, change the hand you normally use. Remember that no gesture is universal in meaning. As Desmond Morris in Man watching points out, one familiar gesture, the circle made with the thumb and forefinger, may have totally different meanings in different cultures and contexts.

Some possible meanings are:*

A-OK, everything's fine, perfect. (USA, UK, much of Europe)

He's a zero, don't pay any attention to him, don't take him seriously. (France)

Please give me change (coins). (Japan)

Visual AidsVisual aids can be used to support the speaker's main points and to help the audience remember the body of the speech. Keep the following points in mind when using any type of visual:

Visuals should not be distracting nor compete with the speaker.

Visuals should be kept out of sight until ready for use.

There is a distinction between visual aids and verbal visuals.

Words printed on a chart, overhead, etc., are not visuals.

Visuals should be easily seen and/or heard.

Visuals should be simple and interesting.

Speakers should not talk to the visual.

Which part of your body absorbs tension?





Warming-up - Body & Sole!

A warm-up is usually performed before participating in technical sports or exercising. A warm-up generally consists of a gradual increase in intensity in physical activity (pulse raiser), a joint mobility exercise, stretching and a sport related activity. For example, before running or playing an intense sport one might

slowly jog to warm muscles and increase heart rate. It is important that warm ups should be specific to the exercise that will follow, which means that exercises (of warm up) should prepare the muscles to be used and to activate the energy systems that are required for that particular activity. The risks and benefits of combining stretching with warming up are mixed and in some cases disputed. Warming up prepares the body mentally & physically.



It takes more than just a good looking body. You've got to have the heart and soul to go with it. - Lee Haney





Module 4 – Speaking Verity

Speaking verity



Voice - The human voice consists of sound made by a human being using the vocal folds for talking, singing, laughing, crying, screaming, etc. Human voice is specifically that part of human sound production in which the vocal folds (vocal cords) are the primary sound source.

Human voice can be subdivided into three parts; Lungs, Vocal folds within the larynx, and Articulators (The lung - the pump)

Produce adequate airflow and air pressure to vibrate vocal folds (this air pressure is the fuel of the voice).

The vocal folds (vocal cords) are a vibrating valve that chops up the airflow from the lungs into audible pulses that form the laryngeal sound source.

The muscles of the larynx adjust the length and tension of the vocal folds to ‘fine tune’ pitch and tone.

The articulators (the parts of the vocal tract above the larynx consisting of tongue, palate, cheek, lips, etc.) articulate and filter the sound emanating from the larynx and to some degree can interact with the laryngeal airflow to strengthen it or weaken it as a sound source.

Process of generating human voice

Qualities of the Human Voice

1. Tone2. Pitch3. Volume4. Pace5. Inflection6. Articulation7. Resonation



Tone: Crispy and avoid unpleasant tonal elements. (Breathy, Wheezy etc.)

Pitch: Pleasing and natural pitch attract the audience. During the speech variation of the pitch is a need.

Volume: Depending on the environment (Room size, audience size etc) speaker must adjust the volume he speaks on. Too low or high may distract the audience.

Pace: Audience attention can be kept all the time, with a variation of pace. Slow and Fast pace mixed together gives a pleasant speech. (Roller Coaster Ride!)

Recommended speed of a speech to be 150–160 words per minute, which is the range that people comfortably, hear and vocalize words. Another study demonstrated that full comprehension is only maintained in people at 210 wpm when speech is compressed.

Additional research by Ronald Carver has demonstrated that adults can listen with full comprehension at 300 wpm

Inflection: Voice can be taken UP or Down at the end of a word or sentence.

Do you use up or downward inflection for following phrases:

“How are you?” “We can deliver on-time.” “My process audit was a failure.” “We won the deal!”

Resonation: 1. Throat2. Mouth3. Nose4. Chest5. Skull



Articulation:

Lips: Picky people pick Peter Pan Peanut-Butter, pick the peanut-butter picky

people pick.

Soft Palate: She saw Sherif's shoes on the sofa. But was she so sure she saw Sherif's

shoes on the sofa?

Tongue:

Tim, the thin twin tinsmith The thirty-three thieves thought that they thrilled the throne throughout

Thursday.Jaw:

I'll chew and chew until my jaws drop.

Vocal range is the measure of the breadth of pitches that a human voice can phonate.

Pitch represents the perceived fundamental frequency of a sound. It is one of the three major auditory attributes of sounds along with loudness and timbre.



Protecting your voice:

1. Rest your voice. If you are coming down with a cold or notice a bit of a raspy voice, rest your vocal cords. Don't feel embarrassed to communicate through notes and email. If you have a singing engagement, saving your voice is paramount.

2. Don't clear your throat. When you clear your throat it causes your vocal cords to hit each other. All this does is cause irritation and damage. If you feel yourself wanting to clear your throat try taking a deep breath and yawn. The breath pushes air over the vocal cords and yawning can break up tension within the cords. If the need to clear does not completely disappear, it will at least lessen until you are able to take a drink of water.

3. Avoid oily foods and dairy products. If you have a presentation to do after a meal, avoid any type of mayonnaise at that meal. These foods are known to increase the tendency to clear your throat, which, as we just discussed, causes vocal cord damage.

4. Avoid smoky and dusty places. Breathing in toxins of any kind are damaging to a singer's vocal cords. Sometimes it is unavoidable and you find yourself in the middle of a smoky bar or dusty construction site. If you are worried about your voice after a temporary visit to one of these places, use a steam inhaler once you get home. These devices are relatively inexpensive and may just save your voice!

6. Hydrate: Include 'wet foods' in your daily diet. Wet foods include soup, fruit and, of course, decaffeinated beverages. Keep a bottle of water nearby at all times. The one time you don't have a drink handy, you will go into a coughing fit - it's Murphy's Law. If your profession involves speaking all day, make sure that you drink water continually throughout the day. It will keep your vocal cords hydrated along with the rest of your body!

7. Don't eat 3-4 hours before bed time. Avoid the potential for heartburn by not eating before bed. During digestion and due to the position of the body in sleep, acid can creep up into the esophagus and damage the larynx. If you have been ill or feel a cold coming on, sleep is wonderful medicine. This allows the vocal cords the time they need to heal.

Protecting Voice - Summary

It really doesn't take much extra work to protect your vocal cords.

Drinking more water and avoiding smoky places are somewhat common sense, but when combined with a few other pointers, they help to protect your singing instrument.

Tired and sore vocal cords are more easily damaged and once they are damaged, the only remedy is rest. By taking a proactive approach and protecting your voice, you will feel more confident in your instrument and your abilities.





Tongue Twisters! [Exercises - Read out loud!]

Out in the pasture the nature watcher watches the catcher. While the catcher watches the pitcher who pitches the balls. Whether the

temperature's up or whether the temperature's down, the nature watcher, the catcher and the pitcher are always around. The pitcher pitches, the catcher catches and the watcher watches. So whether the temperature's rises or whether the temperature falls the nature watcher just watches the catcher who's watching the pitcher who's watching the balls.

1. Five fuzzy French frogs Frolicked through the fields in France.

2. Thirty-three thousand people think that Thursday is their thirtieth birthday.

3. How much dew does a dewdrop dropIf dewdrops do drop dew?They do drop, they doAs do dewdrops dropIf dewdrops do drop dew.

4. Which wristwatch is a Swiss wristwatch?

5. Mummies make money.

6. She sells sea shells on the sea shore;The shells that she sells are sea shells I'm sure.So if she sells sea shells on the sea shore,I'm sure that the shells are sea shore shells.

7. Ed Nott was shot and Sam Shott was not. So it is better to be Shott than Nott. Some say Nott was not shot. But Shott says he shot Nott. Either the shot Shott shot at Nott was not shot, or Nott was shot. If the shot Shott shot shot Nott, Nott was shot. But if the shot Shott shot shot Shott, the shot was Shott, not Nott. However, the shot Shott shot shot not Shott - but Nott. So, Ed Nott was shot and that's hot! Is it not?



Module 5 – Gesticulation

GesticulationSL Training Team | © 2009 – Jagath J Jayasekera – All Rights Reserved | Version 1.1

4


Gestures are a form of body language or non-verbal communication. Although some gestures, such as the ubiquitous act of pointing, differ little from one place to another, most gestures do not have invariable or universal meanings, having specific connotations only in certain cultures.

EmblemsEmblems are specific gestures with specific meaning that are consciously used and consciously understood. They are used as substitutes for words and are close to sign language than everyday body language.

For example, holding up the hand with all fingers closed in except the index and second finger, which are spread apart, can mean 'V for victory' or 'peace' (if the palm is away from the body) or a rather rude dismissal if the palm is towards the body.

Iconic gesturesIconic gestures or illustrators are closely related to speech, illustrating what is being said, and painting with the hands, for example when a person illustrates a physical item by using the hands to show how big or small it is. Iconic gestures are different from other gestures in that they are used to show physical, concrete items. Iconic gestures are useful as they add detail to the mental image that the person is trying convey. They also show the first person or second person viewpoint that the person is taking. The timing of iconic gestures in synchronization with speech can show you whether they are unconscious or are being deliberately added for conscious effect. In an unconscious usage, the preparation for the gesture will start before the words are said, whilst in conscious usage there is a small lag between words and gesture (which can make the speaker appear manipulative).

Metaphoric gesturesWhen using metaphoric gestures, a concept is being explained. Gestures are in three-dimensional space and are used to shape and idea being explained, either with specific shapes such as finger pinches and physical shaping, or more general waving of hands that symbolizes the complexity of what is being explained.Regulators

Regulators are used to control turn-taking in conversation, for example in the way that as a person completes what they are saying, they may drop their arms, whilst a person wanting to speak may raise an arm as if to grasp the way forward.

Affect displaysGestures can also be used to display emotion, from tightening of a fist to the many forms of self-touching and holding the self. Covering or rubbing eyes, ears or mouth can say 'I do not want to see/hear/say this'. Holding hands or the whole body can indicate anxiety as the person literally holds themselves. Self-preening can show a desire to be liked and can indicate desire of another.

Beat gestures



Beat gestures are just that, rhythmic beating of a finger, hand or arm. They can be as short as a single beat or as long as needed to make a particular point. Beating and repetition plays to primitive feelings of basic patterning, and can vary in sense according to the context. A beat is a staccato strike that creates emphasis and grabs attention. A short and single beat can mark an important point in a conversation, whilst repeated beats can hammer home a critical concept.Source: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Types_of_gestures

A Speech with gestures!

1. When I was going down the hill, I sow a huge elephant!

2. It was a bumpy ride on the village road!

3. Rain fall was so heavy that lead to landslide.

4. There was a tiny pin hole in my pocket.

5. He was a tall man with a well built body.

6. New highway is so wide, it has 4 tracks.

7. We won the game at last!

8. Two of us went on a long trip.

9. Lot of noise in the background disturbed our conversation.

10. Project closure was successful!

11. It was a huge task to accomplish.

12. Global worming is a global issue!


http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Types_of_gestures


Move around the stage

Passive people stand at their podium. Active people move around the stage.

The active speakers are always more engaging. Being active helps to get people interested in what the speaker is saying. You do not have to be extremely animated but use of your hands to help explain what you are saying or walks around the room/stage are demonstrative. The audience will wonder you are going to do next.

Remember when you address people that your actions are louder than your words.

Taking the stage & engaging the audience

It is important that you walk into the stage/presentation location (If in a room) and then address the audience.

Be charm! Look at the audience Take a deep breath and Address the audience!



Tips:

Deliver your speech to the audience, not at the screen. Move deliberately to another. Don't pace aimlessly. Don't turn all the way around. Please take off your name tag (If you are wearing one). If you find yourself walking backwards; stop. Breathe.

Remember audience will wait till you get ready, since you are in control!

Wear clothes that you are comfortable in on stage.

But, you shouldn’t look like a slob or bum up there. If you are talking to an audience full of people wearing suits, don’t show up in a t-shirt. On the other hand, you shouldn’t show up in a tuxedo for an Open

Source conference. You should know who is in your audience, Dress at their level or maybe a level or two above it.

NOTES:





Module 6 – Intent

IntentSL Training Team | © 2009 – Jagath J Jayasekera – All Rights Reserved | Version 1.1

4


Intent - Something that is intended; an aim or purpose. The state of one's mind at the time one carries out an action.

“A truth that's told with bad intent, Beats all the lies you can invent.”

Your intent will drive the audience!

If you want to excite them, they will be excited!

You intent may be to;

1. Motivate2. Excite3. Greet4. Challenge5. Persuade 6. Commend

7. Reassure 8. Convince9. Calm10. Frighten11. Entertain12. Caution

Use the phrase ‘let’s have a team meeting’ and use the above intent to indicate your audience what you intended on having the meeting.

What is your intent on most of the presentations you do in office?

Mirroring and Matching (Synchronization)

“It is human nature to mirror and match, or to “Synchronize’ with, the people we connect with. We don’t even think about it. It happens so

quickly and so subconsciously that with a replay, one is unlikely to even notice it. What if you were aware of it? Could it be used to help you be even more persuasive? Research says definitely yes. When you mirror your audience, you build rapport with them.”

"Clearly, communication is more than words. There is also the energy of the intention behind the words. And intention is the most powerful force in any communication." - Layne and Paul Cutright



How to identify the presenter is a liar?

Pauses: Person who is a liar gives shorter answers and longer times between a question and a response than someone who is merely nervous.

Excessive Gesturing and Adaptors: Presenter tend to spend more time gesturing with his/her hands and using adapters, such as scratching the body or playing with a pen than someone who is just nervous.

Mind Your Mouth - Mouth, Lips, and Tongue Cues: Be careful of pursing or licking lips. It shows presenter not comfortable and nervous.

Lack of Animation: Practiced liars know this and usually keep as still as possible. Being overly controlled can work against the presenter.

Hiding Hands: Hands and arms symbolically express the emotions of the heart. Liars tend to keep their hands hidden and still.

Closed Curtains: We have what is called ‘windows all over the body’. Just as we pull down the shades when we don’t want others to see in, we also close off the entrances to our body so our true feelings aren't seen.

There are windows at the bottom of the feet, the kneecaps, the bottom of the torso, the middle of the chest, the neck, mouth and eyes and the top of the head. Liars tend to close entrances to hide the truth. A liar closes these windows by putting clothing over them, turning his body away from the person he is talking to, putting objects or furniture between himself and others and most simply folding his arms.

Withdrawn Behavior: If we are comfortable with ourselves and the person we are with, and the topic we are discussing, we will be open and friendly. Liars don’t usually feel very comfortable so they tend to hold back and be less friendly. It is easier for friends and intimates to lie successfully because they appear less withdrawn and friendlier

Excessive Confidence: Have you ever experienced a super smooth salesperson? He may have over enthusiastically praised the product and you felt uncomfortable about his pitch? Then you have deciphered a lie by noting that the person sounded too good or too confident. We look and listen for anything that doesn't sound normal.

Circumstances Not Matching Demeanor: One of the first things, we look for when reading body language is the alignment of the circumstances to the demeanor of the person talking to you.

Nonverbal Behavior Does Not Match Spoken Words: When the spoken words don’t agree with the nonverbal communication, we generally trust the nonverbal communication to tell us the truth. When a customer says nothing is wrong, while sitting with arms wrapped tightly around the body and a scowl on the face, we doubt her sincerity.







Module 7 – Be in command of your audience



Be in command of your audience



Be in command of your audience!

“Your moment of truth is about to arrive. You are being introduced. Your name is being announced as are your qualifications and the reasons for being invited. You are naturally apprehensive. You want to do your best. The opening moments of your speech are critically important. A strong opening will go a long way in making your speech a success.”

Notes:

Controlling the Audience:

Set the expectations at the beginning of the presentation Set ground rules at the beginning of the presentation (Mobile Phone

switched off) Use eye contact to see if everyone is attentive Ask questions while the presentation is progressing Treat questions and ideas respectfully Be confidence In case of ground rule violations, cal for a timeout. Start on time Ends on time (Never takes more than allocated time) Have breaks in between (If needed)

Notes:



Handling Q&A

Question-and-answer sessions are great opportunities to show off your sense of humor and get audience participation during a public speaking engagement. Let's see how we can have some fun with them.

A good way to open up a Q & A session is to say, 'The last time I opened up for a Q & A session, the first question I got was 'What time is it?' or 'Can I be excused?' or 'Aren't you getting tired up there?' Say anything except the old boring 'Now let's open it up for questions.'

Think about what your audience may ask and prepare answers before your presentation.

Inform your audience at the beginning of your presentation that you'll be taking questions at the end. This step helps avoid audience interruptions that may make your speech hard to follow.

Make it clear that everyone will be allowed to ask one question and that you'll take further rounds of questions if time permits. Don't let a few audience members dominate the session.

Call on audience members in the order that they raise their hands.

Repeat each question before you answer it. This step ensures that everyone present (including you) has heard the question properly, and it also gives you time to formulate your answer.

Begin answering by making eye contact with the questioner, and then extend it to the rest of the audience.

Answer questions in a thorough yet concise manner, when possible.

Close the session after you've answered a significant number of questions or as you are approaching a preset time limit. Wait until you give an exceptional answer to a question, and then inform your audience that, regretfully, you've run out of time.

"Effective questioning brings insight, which fuels curiosity, which cultivates wisdom." — Chip Bell



Q&A - Tips!

If no questions bring exceptional answers, end by saying, "We're about out of time, but many of you are probably still wondering. ..." and insert a question of your own that you can follow with a strong answer.

If an audience member begins to speak at length without asking a question, politely cut the person off by asking whether he or she has a question.

Maintain the same persona during the Q&A session that you displayed during your speech.

Don't guess the answer to a question, for any reason. If your guess is revealed to be wrong, your credibility and your presentation's validity will be weakened.

If you don't know an answer, ask whether anyone in the audience knows it, direct the questioner to a resource where he or she can find the answer, or offer to get back to the questioner once you've done further research.

Notes:



Visual aids help your presentation make things happen. Visual aids help you reach your objectives by providing emphasis to whatever is being said.

Using Visual Aid:

1. Get to know your equipments before starting the presentation. You should know where the power-sockets, connection to projector etc.

2. Also test if your notebook compatible with the projector.3. Decide what you need as visual aid (Projector, Flip Charts etc)4. Don’t over complicate your presentation. 5. Plan for a backup mode of presentation, in case your visual aid fails

during your presentation.



Visual aids add impact and interest to a presentation. They enable you to appeal to more than one sense at the same time, thereby increasing the audience's understanding and retention level. With pictures, the concepts or ideas you present are no longer simply words - but words plus images. The chart below cites the effectiveness of visual aids on audience retention.

Retention of Information

10%

35%

65%

0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

Oral Visual Alone Visual & Oral

Source: http://www.osha.gov/doc/outreachtraining/htmlfiles/traintec.html

Notes:


http://www.osha.gov/doc/outreachtraining/htmlfiles/traintec.html


Module 8 – Impromptu Speaking

ImpromptuSpeaking



Impromptu Speaking

Impromptu speaking lets you;

Think faster on your feet Build confidence Enhance your image Formulate a speech faster!

Formulating a speech:

1. Opening2. Body3. Conclusion

Opening: Have a big-bang! Most of the time people remember the beginning and the end. It is important to have a strong beginning.

Body:

2 Mins speech on the following topics:

Is a glass half full or half empty? Explain your choice. Why are humans so fascinated with understanding the universe? Does technology live up to its promise? Ghosts I'd like to meet The morality of zoos Three keys to a happy life Reality TV shows Beauty You are what you eat Love is a choice Professional athletes are overpaid Dogs are better than cats How to become a millionaire Importance of communication

Elevator pitch – You met the Vice President of Kodak Corporation, inside the elevator. You have 2 Minutes to introduce your self and tell bout the company you work for.



Module 9 – Story telling

Story tellingSL Training Team | © 2009 – Jagath J Jayasekera – All Rights Reserved | Version 1.1

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“If you don't know the trees you may be lost in the forest, but if you don't know the stories you may be lost in life.” -Siberian Elder

Story telling:

You can add a story to your presentation in order to;

1. Connect the audience to the context you talking about2. Build credibility to your presentation3. Create interest among the audience 4. Add variety to the presentation 5. Mixed with humor!

Notes:

“It takes a thousand voices to tell a single story.”-Native American saying

Tell your story to the class room!



Module 10 - Socialization

SocializationSL Training Team | © 2009 – Jagath J Jayasekera – All Rights Reserved | Version 1.1

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Small Talk

Being able to make small talk is a very handy social skill. While there are no concrete rules for it, there are some guidelines to get the conversation started and keep it rolling. Here’s a list of seven top don’ts and do’s to help with communication skills when your making small talk.

1. Don’t: Be interested only in yourselfDon’t take this the wrong way but focusing on yourself, no matter how interesting you think you are, may not be of interest to another.

Do: The key to making good small talk is to be interested in others.

2. Don’t: Talk too muchSmall talk is a conversation – a verbal exchange that’s light and casual.

Do: Create a conversation that you can both contribute to. Use small talk as the first step to getting to know another person.

3. Don’t: Say NothingSounds contradictory to the above point, but it’s not. If you’re silent and don’t talk at all then you’re not participating and forcing the other person to carry the conversation load. They may well leave you and go find someone who would like to contribute to a good conversation.

Do: Take responsibility for the success of the conversation and create an appropriate balance between listening and talking.

4. Don’t: Neglect asking any questionsNot asking any questions quickly snuffs small talk.

Do: Ask questions that will help you uncover what you have in common with the other person. Balance out the conversation by asking questions, listening to the responses and adding your own relevant comments.

5. Don’t: Ask too many questionsOnce again, this may seem contradictory to point #4 but it’s not. Asking too many questions may make the other person feel like she’s in an interrogation and cause her to be uncomfortable.

Do: Ask some questions and give her time to respond but let her reciprocate and ask you questions so she can get to know you too.

6. Don’t: Respond with one word answersOne word answers take the conversation no where fast and often result in an uncomfortable and awkward silence.

Do: Even if you’ve been asked a “yes/no” question, take a bit of time to elaborate. Include some additional information that is relevant to the question and keep the conversation going.



7. Don’t: Look bored.Having a facial expression that reads “I’m bored” won’t help make the conversation interesting and instantly convert it to a fascinating one.

Do: If the conversation is boring, you’re partly responsible – make the effort to create an interesting conversation.

Knowing how to make interesting small talk is a good social skill to have. It allows you to meet and get to know more people while allowing others to get to know you. It’s a win-win situation.

Source: http://www.expressyourselftosuccess.com/small-talk-7-don%E2%80%99ts-and-do%E2%80%99s



Quick Notes:



Additional Reading

Additional reading



Tongue Twisters!

If Dr. Seuss Were a Technical Writer.....

Here's an easy game to play.Here's an easy thing to say:

If a packet hits a pocket on a socket on a port,And the bus is interrupted as a very last resort,And the address of the memory makes your floppy disk abort,Then the socket packet pocket has an error to report!

If your cursor finds a menu item followed by a dash,And the double-clicking icon puts your window in the trash,And your data is corrupted 'cause the index doesn't hash,then your situation's hopeless, and your system's gonna crash!

You can't say this? What a shame, sir!We'll find you another game, sir.

If the label on the cable on the table at your house,Says the network is connected to the button on your mouse,But your packets want to tunnel on another protocol,That's repeatedly rejected by the printer down the hall,And your screen is all distorted by the side effects of gauss,So your icons in the window are as wavy as a souse,Then you may as well reboot and go out with a bang,'Cause as sure as I'm a poet, the sucker's gonna hang!

When the copy of your floppy's getting sloppy on the disk,And the microcode instructions cause unnecessary risk,Then you have to flash your memory and you'll want to ram your rom.Quickly turn off the computer and be sure to tell your mom!



The important steps to incorporate into your first moves (Presentation) are:

- Act confidently - Before you are introduced and while being introduced act confidently. Showing any apprehension only makes your audience become less confident that you know your subject

- Be positive - overindulge in your positive self talk. "Go over the top." This will boost your self-confidence. Your audience will see this confidence and respond accordingly.

- Be purposeful in getting to the podium - once you have been introduced, take a couple of deep breaths to relax any tension. Rise naturally but do not push yourself up with your arms. Stride purposefully to the podium. Once there plant both your feet firmly on the floor and fairly close together. Stand straight and tall. This conveys confidence and will prevent teetering and swinging. Some experienced speakers will lean on the lectern or the back of chair as they have a certain "aura" about them. However, when you are starting out it is best to avoid leaning as it may be interpreted as nervousness.

- Pause - Do not rush into your speech. Take another couple of deep breaths to stave off any stage fright. The pause should only be for a moment to give you a chance to quickly survey your audience. This will give the audience time to settle down. It will also give you time to ensure your brain is engaged before you start to speak.

- Acknowledge and Respond to Your Introduction - A common way to start your speaking is to acknowledge the leaders, the introductory speaker and the audience. Then move onto a complimentary comment concerning the introduction or a quick comeback if the introduction indulged in some kidding. It is an opportune time to add a bit of humor at your expense, especially if over introduced. This has two benefits - it helps the audience to like you as the speaker, and it loosens up and brings the audience together.

- Plan your opening - The opening is the ideal time to use humor to relax the audience and yourself. All your quips should be rehearsed and planned. Start off slow but not too slow that you start to drone on. Your lines should be short and quick. This is not the time for long involved stories. Your remarks should be planned but do not read any humorous lines as this makes it almost impossible to deliver life into them.

The opening "moves" of your speech are critical in setting a successful tone for the speech that follows. The opening should be carefully planned and practiced to gain control of your audience in the seconds that follow your introduction.



Source: http://www.articlesbase.com/writing-articles/public-speaking-6-simple-tips-for-getting-control-of-your-audience-in-seconds-832422.html


http://www.articlesbase.com/writing-articles/public-speaking-6-simple-tips-for-getting-control-of-your-audience-in-seconds-832422.html

http://www.articlesbase.com/writing-articles/public-speaking-6-simple-tips-for-getting-control-of-your-audience-in-seconds-832422.html


Something for you to keep handy for an elevator pitch:

About Virtusa

Virtusa is a global information technology (IT) services company providing IT consulting, technology implementation and application outsourcing services. Using its enhanced global delivery model, innovative platforming approach and industry expertise, Virtusa provides high-value services that enhance clients’ business performance, accelerate time-to-market, increase productivity and improve customer service. Founded in 1996 and headquartered in Massachusetts, Virtusa has offices in the United States and the United Kingdom, and global delivery centers in India and Sri Lanka.

Virtusa is a NASDAQ quoted company which is also Sri Lanka’s leading supplier of offshore software development services to the US, European and Middle Eastern markets. We are one of the fastest growing global software services companies. Headquartered in Westborough, MA, Virtusa employs the finest global technology talent, spread across Advanced Technology Centers in the US, India and Sri Lanka. We also have sales and marketing offices in several locations around the world.


Documents

Power Communicator€¦ · Web viewIntroduction 4. Primary objective; 4. Secondary objective; 4. Module 1- Solo 7. Nonverbal communication (NVC) 12. Gesture. 12. Body Language