Powerpoint Febriyani 1102005109 SGDB4

8/13/2019 Powerpoint Febriyani 1102005109 SGDB4

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Personal Report on Analyzing the Risk of Malnutrition

Febriyani 1102005109


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The world has enough food for

everyone, but millions of people

face a life sentence of hunger and

malnutritionthe hidden reason

so many die(Save the Children Fund, 2012)


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Malnutrition = too much or too little food energy or

nutrients. In general, malnutrition actually consist of

undernutrition and overnutrition

- Undernutrition: protein-energy malnutrition andmicronutrient deficiencies

- Continues to be a major public health problem throughout

the developing world, particularly in southern Asia and sub-

Saharan Africa.

- High prevalence of bacterial and parasitic diseases in

developing countries


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- Malnutrition is consequently the most important risk factor

for the burden of disease in developing countries

- Direct cause of about 300 000 deaths per year and is

indirectly responsible for about half of all deaths in youngchildren.

- Obesity is a global health problem in the present era

- Obesity has reached epidemic proportions globally, with

more than 1 billion adults overweight

- at least 300 million of them clinically obese - and is a major

contributor to the global burden of chronic disease and

disability.


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- insufficient supply of protein, carbohydrates and fat

- severe and chronic infections producing diarrhea,

helminthic infections

- decreased food intake because of anorexia

- decreased nutrient absorption

- increased metabolic requirements and direct nutrient

losses

- immunologic deficiency in the humoral and cellularsubsystem from protein deficiency and lack of immune

mediators

- Metabolic disturbances: impaired intercellular degradation

of fatty acids because of carbohydrate deficiency


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- disorder of the homeostatic control of energy balance

- Resistance to leptin

- TNF, another cytokine that relays information from fat to

brain

- Alterations in PPAR transcription factors which promote

lipogenesis also may have a role in obesity

- Genetic susceptibility, environmental, food intake, and

physical activities.


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Name : Febriyani Sex : Female

Age : 20 years old Job : student

Anthropometry

Body weight : 52 kg

Body height : 160,5 cm BMI : 20,18

Waist Circumference : 73 cm

Hip circumference : 93,2 cm

Middle-upper arm Circumference : 26 cm Subcutaneous fat : - Triceps : 18

- Biceps : 8

- Subscapula : 7,8

- Suprailliaca : 15,8


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- Calculate Basal Metabolic Rate(BMR) using harrisbenedict equation

For women BMR = 655.1 + 9.65W + 1.85H - 4.68A = 655.1 + 501,8 + 296.925 93,6 = 1.360.225 kcal - Calculate Physical Activity based on the categories. The

physical activity is categorized to light activities with

constanta 1,56. PA = 0,56 x BMR = 0,56 x 1360.225 = 761,726 kcal


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- Calculate Thermic Effect of Food TEF = 10% x Basal Metabolic Rate = 10% x 1360.225

= 136,0225 kcal - Calculate Total Energy Requirement TER = BMR + PA + TEF = 1.360,225 + 761,726 + 136,0225 = 2.257,9735 kcal


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NutrientContent

AnalysedValue

RecommendedValue/Day

PercentageFulfillment

Energy 1662.3 kcal 2025.6 kcal 82%Protein 59.9(15%) 59,8 g(12 %) 100%Fat 49.9 g(27%) 68.7 g(< 30 %) 73%carbohydr. 239.3 g(59%) 289.2 g(> 55 %) 83%dietary fiber 13.5 g 30.0 g 45%Alcohol

0.3 g

-

-

PUFA 7 g 10 g 70%Cholesterol 328.5 mg - -Vit. A 1222.4 g 800.0 g 153%Carotene 4.9 mg - -


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Vit. E (eq.) 4.8 mg 12.0 mg 40%Vit. B1 0,6 mg 1.0 mg 65%Vit. B2 0,9 mg 1.2 mg 76%Vit. B6

1.3 mg

1.2 mg

112%

tot. fol.acid 128.7 g 400.0 g 32%Vit. C 30,4 mg 100.0 mg 30%Sodium 2239.7 mg 2000.0 mg 112%Potassium 1173.2 mg 3500.0 mg 45%Calcium 516.6 mg 1000.0 mg 52%Magnesium 377.4 mg 310.0 mg 122 %Phosphorus 1173.2 mg 700.0 mg 168 %Iron 10.3 mg 15.0 mg 69 %


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Analyzing Risk of Malnutrition: Personal Report 1-Febriyani

Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) a. Past history of weight within last 6 months (0) maintain; (1) reduce


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Nutrition Status based on BMI Body mass index (BMI) is equal to weight per height

square (kg/m2). The BMI of Febriyani is 20,18 which is

categorized into normal.

Energy Adequacy Based on Nutrisurvey2007 calculation, the usual energy

intake from food has not fulfill the total energy requirement,or in other words inadequate. The percentage fullfillness isonly 82%.


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- Keep the protein in enough intake. Increase thecarbohydrate a little bit more to reach the

recommended value needed by the body.

- Try to balance the energy intake with the totalenergy requirement per day by consuming more

variety of foods, such as fruits and

vegetables(vitamin C, vitamin E, etc). - Increase the physical activities by doing sport,

walking, and so on, regarding subcutaneous fat can

be categorized to moderate


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Name : I Gst Agung Dwi Mahasurya Sex : Laki-Laki Age : 21 years old Status: Student Anthropometry Body height : 172 cm Berat weight : 65 kilogram BMI : 21,97 Waist Circumference : 74 cm Hip Circumference : 93 cm

Midupper arm circumference : 26 cm Subcutaneous fat : - biceps : 3 - triceps : 5 - Subscapula : 8 - suprailliaca : 8


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- Calculate Basal Metabolic Rate (BMR) using Harris-Benedict equation.

For men

BMR = 66,5 + (13,7 x body weight) + (5,03 x body height) - (6,75 x A)

= 66,5 + (13,7 x 65) + (5,03 x 172) - (6,75 x 21)

= 66,5 + 890,5 + 865,16 - 141,75 BMR = 1.680,41 kcal

- Calculate Physical Activity(PA), based on the categories. In this case,

categorized into light activity.

PA = 30 % x BMR = 30 % x 1.680,41

= 504,123 kcal


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- Calculate Thermal Effect of Food (TEF), which is 10% fromthe BMR.

TEF = 10% x BMR

= 10% x 1.680,41 kcal TEF = 168,041 kcal

- Calculate Total Energy Requirement (TER) : TER = BMR + PA + TEF = 1.680,41 kcal + 504,123 kcal + 168,041 kcal TER = 2352,574 kcal


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NutrientContent

AnalysedValue

RecommendedValue/Day

PercentageFulfillment

Energy 2929.6 kcal 2036.3 kcal 144 %Protein 169.3 g(24%) 60.1 g(12 %) 281 %Fat 150.6 g(46%) 69.1 g(< 30 %) 218 %carbohydr. 218.0 g(30%) 290.7 g(> 55 %) 75 %dietary fiber 9.4 g 30.0 g 31 %Alcohol

0.0 g

-

-

PUFA 25.9 g 10.0 g 259 %Cholesterol 801.6 mg - -Vit. A 673.5 g 800.0 g 84 %Carotene 0.0 mg - -


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Vit. B1 1.1 mg 1.0 mg 106 %Vit. B2 1.8 mg 1.2 mg 151 %Vit. B6 1.8 mg 1.2 mg 154 %tot. fol.acid

214.1 g

400.0 g

54 %

Vit. C 28.6 mg 100.0 mg 29 %Sodium 482.5 mg 2000.0 mg 24 %Potassium 2030.1 mg 3500.0 mg 58 %Calcium 311.8 mg 1000.0 mg 31 %Magnesium 328.0 mg 310.0 mg 106 %Phosphorus 1678.0 mg 700.0 mg 240 %Iron 13.9 mg 15.0 mg 93 %Zinc 13.2 mg 7.0 mg 189 %


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Analyzing Risk of Malnutrition: Personal Report 2-I GA DMahasurya

Subjective Global Assessment (SGA) a. Past history of weight within last 6 months (0) maintain; (1) reduce


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Nutrition Status based on BMI Body mass index (BMI) is equal to weight per height

square (kg/m2). The BMI of I Gst Agung Dwimahasurya is

21,97which is categorized into normal.

Energy Adequacy Based on Nutrisurvey2007 calculation, the usual energy

intake from food already fulfill the total energy requirement,even much more than needed around 44%. It may concludethat the intake from food is over for balancing energyrequirement.


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- Notice the protein and fat consumption to keep the protein

and fat in balance with the value needed by the body.

- Try keeping the energy intake in balance with the total

energy requirement per day. Increase the physical activities.

- Consume foods which contain more micronutrients.

- Pay attention on the balance of food intake to avoid

overconsumption or deficiency, by consuming more varietyof foods.


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Heinkens, G.T.,et al. 2008. Case Management of HIV Infected Severely Malnourished

Children: Challenges in the Area of Highest Prevalence. The Lancet. Vol. 371. pp. 1305-1307.

Muller, O., Krawinkel, M. 2005. Malnutrition and Health in Developing Countries. Canadian

Medical Association Journal;173(3) pp: 279 286.

Panigrahi, T.G., Panigrahi, S., Wiechec, E., Los, M. 2009. Obesity: Pathophysiology and

Clinical Management. Current Medical Chemistry.Vol.16.pp: 506 521. Rawe, K., et al. 2012. A Life Free from Hunger: Tackling Child Nutrition. The Save the

Children Fund.

Srivastava, N., Lakhan, R., Mittal, B. 2007. Pathophysiology and Genetics of Obesity. Indian

Journal of Experimental Biology. Vol.45. pp: 929 936.


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Powerpoint Febriyani 1102005109 SGDB4