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Climate

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What is the difference between:

Climate

and

Weather?

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What are the two major components

of climate?

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What are the two major components

of climate?

1. Temperature

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What are the two major components

of climate?

1. Temperature

2. Precipitation

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What do we want to know about thesetwo major components?

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What do we want to know about thesetwo major components?

1. Magnitude

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What do we want to know about thesetwo major components?

1. Magnitude

2. Timing

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What do we want to know about thesetwo major components?

1. Magnitude

2. Timing

Averaged over as long a period as possible

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Consider:

The climograph

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We use a climograph when we are

interested in the climate at aspecific location.

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What do we use to generalize about the

climate of an extended area?

The climate classification system

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The climate classification system consists

of upper case (capital) letters and lower

case letters that have the followingmeaning

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A = Hot or tropical

BW = Desert (Very dry)

BS = Steppe (Moderately dry)

C = Warm or subtropical

D = Cold or midlatitude

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ET = Tundra

EF = Icecap

H = Highlands

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The lower case letters:

f = continually wet

s = summer dryw = winter dry

m = monsoon

For the dry areas:h = hot

k = cold

Summer temperatures

a = hot

b = warm

c = cool

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What do you think would be the upper case

letter representing our climate in

Southern California?

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What do you think would be the upper case

letter representing our climate in

Southern California?

C

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What do you think would be our

precipitation pattern?

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What do you think would be our

precipitation pattern?

s (For summer dry)

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What do you think is our summer

temperature?

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What do you think is our summer

temperature?

a (hot!)

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So our climate designation is

Csa

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Now let us look at the climates of the world.

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What does climate most control?

Humans?Animals?

Plants?

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Consider the following general types ofvegetation

TreesShrubs

Grass

Desert shrubs

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What does it take to grow a tree?

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What does it take to grow a tree?

Lots of water.

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In what climate zones are the most trees

found?

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In what climate zones are the most trees

found?

Af, Cf, Df

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Consider four general types of trees

Broadleaf

(palms, oaks, maples, citrus)

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Consider four general types of trees

Broadleaf

(palms, oaks, maples, citrus)

Needle leaf(pines, firs, junipers, redwood)

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Consider four general types of trees

Broadleaf

(palms, oaks, maples, citrus)

Needle leaf(pines, firs, junipers, redwood)

Evergreen

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Consider four general types of trees

Broadleaf

(palms, oaks, maples, citrus)

Needle leaf(pines, firs, junipers, redwood)

Evergreen

Deciduous

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When there is an abundance of water theyear round, what type of vegetation is

produced?

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When there is an abundance of water theyear round, what type of vegetation is

produced?

Forests

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What happens when the available water isreduced?

Fewer trees grow. There is more space in

between them. We call this a woodland.

In between the trees, grass and/or shrubs

usually grow.

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What other type of vegetation is oftenproduced when the available water is

reduced to this level?

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What other type of vegetation is oftenproduced when the available water is

reduced to this level?

Shrubland

(A shrub is a small plant with woody stems

which are usually branched.)

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What vegetation is produced when the

available water is even further reduced?

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What vegetation is produced when the

available water is even further reduced?

Grassland

(This may be a steppe or savanna)

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And if we reduce the available water even

more?

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And if we reduce the available water even

more?

Desert shrub

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One other type of vegetation you shouldknow

Riparian

(Vegetation along a perennial stream,

especially in a dry area.)

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The End