PRE WORK HIRAV2 REVIEWED JULY 2012

TRAINING OBJECTIVES

The main outcome of this training will be your competency to

IDENTIFY HAZARDS AND TO ASSESS THE ASSOSIATED RISKS.

WHY MUST YOU ATTEND THE PRE WORK HIRA TRAINING

It is of utmost importance that every employee should receive training in Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment because:

It allows you the employee to take appropriate action to prevent accidents and incidents that cause injury.

It empowers you to exercise your right / duty to participate in Health and Safety in the workplace

It builds self respect and pride of performance

It is a legal requirement

Results of failure to do a PRE WORK HIRA

Person failed to do a PRE WORK HIRA

At the end of this training you must be able to :

Explain what a Hazard isExplain what the meaning of risk

associated with the Hazard is.Explain the meaning of elimination of

RiskExplain the meaning of controlling of

Risk

Explain the meaning of minimizing of Risk where the risk/s cannot be eliminated or controlled with out the use of PPE.Demonstrate knowledge of Pre-Work

HIRA requirements.Understand the Hazard identification

guide index for pre-work HIRAUse the Procedure for the conducting

of a Work Procedure HIRA

How to handle a change to the original scope of work.

Know the difference between a Permit to Work and a Clearance to Work.

Know General Control, PPE and SafetyEquipment References

Understand the importance of Pre-Work communication with your team.

Know the Hazard of an un-informedteam

Golden Rules

Good communication must always convey awareness to all the team members

Golden Rules

Each Pre-Work HIRA should be done on the site where the work will be conducted

Golden Rules

When ever you are in doubt, never hesitate to ask

Golden Rules

Apply your mind to each reference point on the Pre-Work HIRA form. (Dirty Doz.)

Golden Rules

Remember no work is so Important and Urgent that it should be conducted in an unsafe manner.

LO #1 Pg

Examples of Hazards1. The Lion

2. Can of motor Oil

HAZARDMeans a source of or

exposure to danger(MHSA)

IS A LION A HAZARD?

RISK

Means the likelihood that occupational injury or harm

to persons will occur.

LO #2To understand the MHSA requirements

for HIRA

A Pre-Work HIRA – Is a systematic process that requires hazardspresented by the work about to be performed to be identified before the work is carried out and the associated risk/s to be assessed in order to establish whether the risk/s can best be safely managed by:

(i) ELIMINATING THE RISK/S (ii) SAFELY CONTROLLING THE

RISK/S AT SOURCE and (iii) MINIMISING THE RISKS TO THE

EXTENT THAT RESIDUAL RISKS CAN BE SAFELY CONTROLLED WITH PPE.

Once you have identified a HAZARD always ask yourself the following questions in the order in which the questions are presented:

Can I eliminate the risk/s? If I cannot eliminate the risk/s, how

can I control the risk/s at source? If I cannot completely control the

risk/s at source, how can I minimise the risk/s?

Insofar as risk remains – what PPE must I use to control the residual risk/s?

How can I eliminate a risk?The only way to eliminate a risk is to remove the risk (at source) completely:

In the case of the oil spill in Learning Outcome 1: Completely cleaning up the oil spill would eliminate the risk

Other examples of eliminating a risk are as follows:

a) If there is material lying around that presents a tripping hazard; remove the risk of injury due to tripping and falling by removing the cause (the hazard i.e. the material lying about) of this risk.

b) If there is a hole in a walkway into which people can fall; eliminate the risk of injury to persons due to falling by filling in the hole and levelling off the surface.

c) If there is a risk of people being injured as they walk out of their workshop because vehicles drive past the door of the workshop; eliminate the associated risk of injury due to being hit by a moving vehicle by building a roadway for vehicles that passes away from the area where people have to walk.

Remember, if you have not removed the hazard – the associated risk

has not been eliminated

How can risks be controlled?

A good way to visualize effective control is to think about the MHSA requirement in this regard which states: control the risk at source.

Effectively controlling the risk at source (the hazard is the source of danger) invariably involves preventing contact with hazard.

If elimination is not possible; control the risk at source.

How? - by preventing contact with the hazard.

Risks can be controlled by:(i) Design (ii) Procedure (iii) A combination of design and

procedural controls.

HOW DO WE CONTROL RISK BY PROCEDURE?

A PROCEDURE IS A SET OF ONE OR MORE INSTRUCTIONS ON HOW A TASK MUST BE CARRIED OUT

e.g. PPE signs instructing workers that specific PPE must be worn

An instruction by the person in charge of workers working above ground level to fasten tools such as spanners to their wrists by means of a wrist lanyard is effectively controlling the risk of injury as a result of tools falling but the actual wrist tie must be suitable for its purpose. What is the hazard in this case? – the spanner that can fall ; Where is contact made? - with the person that the spanner falls onto ; How is this contact prevented? – the wrist lanyard prevents the spanner from falling i.e. the risk is controlled at source because of the instruction given for the spanner to be fastened to the wrist.

HOW CAN WE CONTROL RISK BY DESIGN?

Controlling a risk by design is the process of placing a physical barrier, of known strength in a position that will contain a hazard and/or prevent contact with a hazard.

Examples include:

Handrails installed at the edge of a raised floor

Bolting a guard around a moving pulley so that nobody can touch the pulley. In this way contact with the hazard (the moving pulley) is prevented and the associated risk of injury is controlled.

Temporary hard barriers or fences will prevent access into areas where excavation or other work is in progress

How to control by the Combination of Procedure and Design?

White line painted on road

What is meant by: MINIMISE the risk and IN-SO-FAR AS RISK REMAINS – provide for PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT (PPE)?

e.g. Boilermaker Grinding and Welding

• SELF TEST• Q1 In your own words, describe what happens when a risk is eliminated.• ………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

• Q2 In your own words, describe what happens when a risk is controlled.• ………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

• Q3 In your own words, describe what happens when a risk is minimized.• ………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

•• Q4 In your own words, describe how residual risk is controlled.• ………………………………………………………………………………………

…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

LO #3 Hazard Identification Index– Hazard Identification Guide Index for a Pre-

Work HIRAThe following Hazard Identification Guide

Index tells us where hazards are most likely to be found and is very convenient when trying to identify hazards before work starts.

SELF TEST 3Write down two jobs where hazards relating to each of the twelve

hazard identification “pointers” in the aforementioned hazard identification guide index must be isolated.

1. Sudden release of compressed air, steam, pressurised gas or other source of stored energy that has not been isolated and locked out:

2. Falling: from / onto / into / with / as a result of slipping or tripping

3. “live" electrical conductors that have not been locked out

4. Entrapment or striking of: fingers / hands / any other body part / clothing while performing work:

5. Sparks and flying particles from: grinding / welding / flame cutting / machining and/or impact -

6. Ignition of flammable and / or explosive substance –7. Struck by /Entrapment of body parts or clothing in:

moving machinery that has not been isolated and locked out –

8. Contact with, ingestion of, ingress of hazardous substance (including gas) through mouth, nose, eyes, ears and/or skin -

9. Drowning or asphyxiation -10. Entrapment in confined spaces (together with all of the

aforementioned). NOTE: The Engineering Foreman must facilitate a HIRA for confined space work -

11. Struck by / Struck against by mobile machinery -12. Excessive Heat / cold / light / noise (from molten

materials/inside vessel/welding etc.) -

PROCEDURE FOR CONDUCTING A WORK PROCEDURE HIRA

DEFINE THE COMPLETE SCOPE OF WORKDRAW UP A METHOD STATEMENT. Which

breaks the scope of work down into individually, defined tasks.

IDENTIFY THE HAZARDS AND ASSESS THE ASSOCIATED RISKS FOR EACH TASK

LO#4

PROCEDURE FOR CONDUCTING A WORK PROCEDURE HIRA 2

ELIMINATE THE RISKS WHERE POSSIBLE WHERE ELIMINATION IS NOT POSSIBLE: Safely control the risk at source or Minimize risks provided that insofar as residual risks

remains. Residual risks is safely controlled by using PPE Assign responsibility

PROCEDURE WHERE SCOPE OF WORK CHANGED

A NEW METHOD STATEMENT MUST BE DRAWN UP AND A NEW HIRA MUST BE CARRIED OUT FOR ANY CHANGES THAT MAY OCCUR BEFORE THE ORIGINAL SCOPE OF WORK IS COMPLETED.

Scope of work changes: Bolts that can not be loosened with a spanner as planned, instead needs to be cut with a cutting torch.

LO#5

PERMITS TO WORK

VS

CLEARANCE TO WORK

PERMIT TO WORKThe Responsible Operator, having a thorough knowledge of his/her area of responsibility, will not allow the following work to take place unless he/she is satisfied that the work will be done safely and has issued a Permit To Work for such work

(i) Isolation and Lock ; (ii) Work in a Confined Space / High Risk Location; (iii) Hot Work;(iv) Hazardous substance isolation;(v) Working at Heights;(vi) Work requiring the erection and use of a Scaffold;(vii) Radio active source isolation;(viii) Standby Power isolation;(ix) Frequent isolation and access;(x) Excavation work

CLEARANCE TO WORKAfter ensuring that all equipment affected by the work to be carried out is safely Isolated and Locked-Out, the Responsible Operator being satisfied that the work can be carried out safely, may approve and sign as such, the Clearance to Work; at the back of the Works Order issued to the Artisan/Person.

General Control, PPE and Safety Equipment References.

In order to assist the Responsible Artisan/Person in carrying out a final control check, references made to HIRA control requirements, PPE and Safety Equipment.

It is the Responsible Artisan’s duty to make reference to and mark off the list items where appropriate.

The reference lists are merely a reminder of common PPE and safety requirements and must not be taken as a complete list of PPE and safety requirements – there may be other risk controls and PPE requirements that must be in place: these will be determined as the Responsible Artisan/Person conducts his/her Pre-Work HIRA.

The Responsible Operator’s duty is to check the completed Pre-Work HIRA and the above reference lists and advise/instruct the Responsible Artisan on further risk control measures to be taken because of his/her knowledge of the area about to be worked in.

WHAT IS THE HAZARD OF AN UN INFORMED TEAM ?

LO # 9

The hazard of an uninformed team is one which remains with the Responsible Artisan and his team from the start of a job until it is completed.

The risk associated with the UN INFORMED TEAM hazard is obviously injury due to exposure to hazards while carrying out work.

The only effective control for this risk is for the Responsible Artisan/Person to inform his/her team:

• of all the hazards that will be presented by the work;

• the associated risks and risk control measures; or

• measures taken to minimise risks and the PPE required.

Discuss in groups:

What can go wrong? What is the risk?What control will you put in place ?How to address?

LO# 10

General Discussion on the Legal Requirements

• Mine Health and Safety Act (Act No. 29 of 1996)

• The most applicable objectives of the Act concerning HIRA are quite clear:

(a) To protect the health and safety of persons at mines;

(b) To require employers and employees to identify hazards and eliminate, control and minimise the risks relating to health and safety at mines:

Section 10 (1)(i) As far as reasonably practicable, every employermust -

• (a) Provide employees with any information, instruction, training or supervision that is necessary to enable them to perform their work safely and without risk to health; and -

• (b) Ensure that every employee becomes familiar with work-related hazards and risks and the measures that are in place to eliminate, control and minimise those hazards and risks.

Section 11 (1 and 2)• (i) Every employer must –

a) identify hazards to health or safety to which employees may be exposed while they are at work;

b) asses the risks to health or safety to which employees may be exposed;

c) record the significant hazards identified and risks assessed; and

d) Make those records available for inspection by employees.

– Every employer, after consulting with the Health and Safety Committee at the mine, must determine measures, including changing the organisation of work and the designed of safe systems of work, necessary to –

(a) Eliminate any recorded risk/s;(b) Control the risk/s at source;(c) Minimise the risk/s; and(d) In so far as the risk remains –• (i) Provide for personal protective

equipment; and• (ii) Institute a program to monitor the risk/s

to which employees may be exposed.

Any Questions ?

Thank you for your contribution and co-operation

All the best for your Theoretical and Practical evaluations