Presentation CT 160414

8/10/2019 Presentation CT 160414

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TRAINING COURSE

COOLING TOWER - PRESENTATION

BY SOUMIK

AEE/ BOP

MHPSI


2/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there 11

2. Definitions

What is a Coo!in$ Tower F

A 'oo!in$ tower is an e)ipment )sed to red)'e the temperat)reo a water stream ;y e9tra'tin$ heat rom water and emittin$ it to

atmosphere


3/69


2. Definitions

Coo!in$ Tower@

A spe'ia!i/ed -EAT EHC-ANGER in whi'h two !)ids air water

are ;ro)$ht into dire't 'onta't to ee't the transer o heat

-eat is reJe'ted primari!y thro)$h EKAPORATION o a sma!!

Per'enta$e o the 'ir')!atin$ water a;o)t 1L o the 'ir')!atin$

!ow rate or e+ery (M* C o 'oo!in$ ran$e

Coo!in$ towers are )sed to dissipate waste heatM Deepin$

system temperat)res in an ei'ient operatin$ /one

-KAC0R Ind)stria!

Power


4/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there 1#

2. Definitions

-ot Water Temperat)reTemperat)re rom pro'ess enterin tower

Co!d Water Temperat)reTemperat)re !e"vin tower ret)rned to pro'ess


5/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there 1%

2. Definitions

-eat 4oad @ heat transferred from the water to air

W8 Cp t 1333 D'a!0hr

where@ W8 Water !ow 'ir')!atin$ thro)$h the '.t. m#0h

Cp Spe'ii' -eat D'a!0


6/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there 1(

2. Definitions

Wet =)!; Temp

The temperat)re o the air

enterin$ the tower as meas)red

with a wet ;)!; thermometer.

"ONT USE T-E "R5 =U4= CO4U&N


7/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there 1*

40

35

30

25

20

15

50

40

30

20

10

0

-10

airtemperature[C]

air press. 1 013 hPa

0 5 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45

water content [g / kg]

50%

60%

70%

80%

90%

100%

40

35

30

25

20

15

40

35

30

25

20

15

Wet bulb temperature

Dry bulb temperature

Wet bulb

temperature

Dry bulb

temperature

2. Definitions


8/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there 1,

2. Definitions

Am;ient the temperat)re in the air

approa'hin$ the tower rom the )pwind side

Enterin$ the a+era$e temperat)re at the

entran'e a'es o the tower


9/69


2. Definitions

Ran$e@

"ieren'e ;etween

In!et -ot Water Temperat)re

and O)t!et Co!d Water

Temperat)re

R -WT CWT C

Approa'h@

"ieren'e ;etween

O)t!et Co!d Water Temperat)reand Wet =)!; Temperat)re

A CWT W=T C


10/69


2. Definitions

Re'ir')!ation Tower e!)ent air ;ein$

drawn into thedownwind air in!et

As a res)!tM enterin$ air

wet ;)!; temperat)re'an ;e hi$her thanam;ient wet ;)!;temperat)re

This ee't sha!! ;e taDe

into a''o)nt d)rin$ thedesi$n


11/69


Intereren'e

Tower e!)ent ;ein$

drawn into the air

in!et o a downwind

tower

Other heat so)r'esM

!iDe steam +entsM

;ein$ drawn into air

in!et o a downwindtower

2. Definitions


12/69


E+aporation and drit !osses

E+aporation !oss is the water )antity e+aporated or 'oo!in$ d)ty

E+aporation !oss 'an ;e estimated as a;o)t 1L o the 'ir')!atin$ !ow

rate or e+ery (M*C o 'oo!in$ ran$e "rit !oss is the water )antity 'arried o)t rom the 'oo!in$ tower in

the orm o ine drop!ets entrained in the !ea+in$ air

"rit !osses 'an ;e red)'ed thro)$h proper se!e'tion o drit

e!iminators.

2. Definitions


13/69


Cy'!es o 'on'entrationM =!ow "own and &aDe)p rate

")e to e+aporation !ossesM sa!t 'on'entration in 'ir')!atin$ water

in'reases

C#$!e% &' $&n$entr"ti&n C.O.C is the ratio o disso!+ed so!ids in'ir')!atin$ water to the disso!+ed so!ids in maDe )p water

(!&) d&)n !ow rate is the portion o 'ir')!atin$ water that m)st ;e

dis'har$ed in order to 'ontro! this ;)i!d )p

M"*e +, !ow rate is the )antity o water that is re)ired to rep!a'e

e+aporationM drit and ;!owdown !osses

2. Definitions


14/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there 2#

#. Type o Coo!in$ Towers


15/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there 2%

3. Types of Towers

=y Air Ind)'tion &ethod

Nat)ra! "rat

&e'hani'a! "rat

8or'ed

Ind)'ed


16/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there 2(

atural Draft!

Use the ;)oyan'y o

the e9ha)st air risin$

in a ta!! 'himney to

pro+ide the drat.

3. Types of Towers


17/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there 2*

3. Types of Towers


Nat)ra! "rat No rotatin$ e)ipment to maintain

4ower power 'ons)mption

-i$h 'apita! 'ost

Kis)a! impa't Kery !ar$e heat d)ties


18/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there 2,

3. Types of Towers


&e'hani'a! "rat

&e'hani'a! drat 'oo!in$ towers )se the air

!ow $enerated ;y a an.

8or'ed Ind)'ed


19/69


"e#hani#al $or#ed Draft

3. Types of Towers

$or#ed Draft!

Air is %lown throu&h

the tower %y a fan

lo#ated at the air

inlet


20/69


"e#hani#al Indu#ed Draft

3. Types of Towers

Indu#ed Draft!

Air is %lown throu&h

the tower %y a fan

lo#ated at the air

outlet


21/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there #3

3. Types of Towers

=y Air0Water 8!ow Paths Co)nter!ow

Cross!ow


22/69


Counterflow

In a 'o)nter!ow

'oo!in$ tower air

tra+e!s )pwardthro)$h the i!!M

opposite to the

downward motion o

the water.

3. Types of Towers


23/69


3. Types of Towers

Counterflow

In a 'o)nter!ow

'oo!in$ tower air

tra+e!s )pwardthro)$h the i!!M

opposite to the

downward motion o

the water.


24/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there ##

Crossflow

In a 'ross!ow

'oo!in$ tower air

mo+es hori/onta!!ythro)$h the i!! as

the water mo+es

downward.

3. Types of Towers


25/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there #%

3. Types of Towers

Crossflow

In a 'ross!ow

'oo!in$ tower air

mo+es hori/onta!!ythro)$h the i!! as

the water mo+es

downward.


26/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there #(

=y 8i!! Type None sprayi!!ed

Sp!ashi!!ed

8i!mi!!ed &i9 Sp!ash8i!m

3. Types of Towers


27/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there #*

Spray'$illed Tower

3. Types of Towers


28/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there #,

Traditional

Splash $illin&

3. Types of Towers

1. Water is sp!ashed o+er the

i!! media into sma!!er water

drop!ets

2. S)ita;!e or !ow water

)a!ity pro'esses


29/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there #

3D Splash $illin&$(T()A*

3. Types of Towers

#. Sp!ash i!! hei$ht is hi$her

than i!m i!!

%. Noise d)e to water impa't is

hi$her


30/69


$ilm $illin&

3. Types of Towers

1. Water orms a thin i!m

on either side o i!!

sheets

2. -i$h heat e9'han$e area

#. 8i!m i!! hei$ht !ower

than sp!ash i!!

4ower P)mp head

%. -i$her perorman'es


31/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there %3

3. Types of Towers

So &any Kariations.

............Whi'h WorDs =estF

N"0Co)nter!ow08i!m 8i!!

I"0Cross!ow0Sp!ash

I"0Cross!ow08i!m 8i!!

I"0Co)nter!ow0Sp!ash

I"0Co)nter!ow08i!m 8i!!

8"0Co)nter!ow08i!m 8i!!


32/69


Ad+anta$es

4ow PowerCons)mption

No Rotatin$ E)ipmentto maintain

App!i'ations

Power

Kery !ar$e ind)stria!

"isad+anta$es

-i$h Capita! Cost

Kis)a! Impa't A''ess or '!eanin$

atural Draft'Counterflow +$ilm $ill,

3. Types of Towers


33/69


Indu#ed Draft ' Crossflow +Splash,

Ad+anta$es

To!erant o 8o)!ants

Resists i'in$

&aintenan'e A''ess

C!eanin$ 'an ;e done d)rin$

operation

"isad+anta$es

4ar$er 8ootprint

Noise rom ans and sp!ashin$

water

3. Types of Towers

App!i'ations -KACM ind)stria!M power

-i$h o)!ant water


34/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there %#

Indu#ed Draft ' Crossflow +$ilm,

Ad+anta$es

4ow 8an Power

Re+ersi;!e 8ans or i'in$'ontro!

&aintenan'e A''ess

C!eanin$ d)rin$ operation

4ow Proi!e 4ow P)mp -ead

4ow Noise

To!erates some o)!ants

"isad+anta$es

4on$er 8ootprintM +s.'o)nter!ow i!m i!!

Not or !ow water )a!itypro'esses

3. Types of Towers


$ood to moderate water )a!ity


35/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there %%

Indu#ed Draft ' Counterflow +Splash,

Ad+anta$es Sp!ash i!! to!erates poorer

water )a!ity

"isad+anta$es Interna! A''ess or "istri;)tion

System C!eanin$

=!owo)t NOT "rit

Noise Water 6 8ans

-ei$htM +ers)s i!m i!!M 'ross!owsp!ash i!!

-i$her P)mp -ead +ers)s i!m i!!M

'ross!ow sp!ash i!!

3. Types of Towers


$ood to moderate water )a!ity


36/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there %(

Indu#ed Draft ' Counterflow ' $ilm

Ad+anta$es Sma!! 8ootprint

In Ind)stria! Si/es@

-ei$ht

4ow P)mp -ead

"isad+anta$es Interna! A''ess

"istri;)tion System C!eanin$

=!owo)t NOT "rit

Noise Water 6 8ans

3. Types of Towers

App!i'ations

-KAC

C!ean Pro'ess


37/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there %*

$or#ed Draft ' Counterflow ' $ilm

Ad+anta$es

4ow Noise

4ow Proi!e some

Can ;e ")'ted

Can 4o'ate Indoors

"isad+anta$es

Prone to Re'ir')!ate

Sensiti+e to I'in$

-i$her P)mp -ead

3. Types of Towers

App!i'ations

-KAC

C!ean Pro'ess


38/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there %,

-. "ain Components of a Coolin& Tower

(BASED ON RABIGHII COOLING TOWER PACKAGE)


39/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there %

General arran&ement ' phase 2


40/69


General arran&ement ' phase 2


41/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there (3

Performan#e #ures ' phase 2


42/69


/0uipment Spe#ifi#ations ' phase 2

Co)nter !ow C.Tower me'hani'a! ind)'ed, 'e!!s 1% 9 1* m

Perorman'e "ata

Water Cir')!ation ((33 m#0hr

In!et Water Temperat)re (#VCO)t!et Water temperat)re %#VC"esi$n Wet =)!; Temperat)re #VC8an =reaD Power 1##M2


43/69


/0uipment Spe#ifi#ations ' phase 2

&ateria!s

Tower Str)'t)re@ 8RP=o!tin$ -ardware@ SS#3%

8an Sta'D@ 8RP

"istri;)tion -eaders@ 8RP"istri;)tion 4atera! 4ines@ PKC

"istri;)tion Spray No//!es@ PP

"rit E!iminators@ PKC

8i!!@ PKC

- " i C t


44/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there (#

-. "ain Components

-eat transer s)ra'e

Water distri;)tion system

Air mo+ement system

Instr)mentation

Str)'t)re

- " i C t


45/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there (%

1eat Transfer Surfa#e

-i$h Ei'ien'y 8i!m 8i!!

4ow to!eran'e to

o)!ants

PKC sheet materia!

-. "ain Components

- " i C t


46/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there ((

1eat Transfer Surfa#e

523 4ow '!o$ i!m i!!

Se! e9tin$)ishin$

PKC sheets

Kerti'a! !)tes 23mm

spa'ed de+e!oped to

hand!e hi$h t)r;idwaters e.$. sea

water

-i$h e9'han$e

spe'ii' area 1%m20m#

-i$h Ei'ien'y

-. "ain Components

- "ain Components


47/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there (*

-eat Transer S)ra'e Sp!ash type i!!

to!erant o o)!in$

wide +ariety o

materia!s and shapes red)'ed perorman'e

-. "ain Components


48/69

"ain Components


49/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there (

Water "istri;)tion Systems

Co)nter!ow

Riser

In!et +a!+e

Interna! header 4atera! pipes

Press)ri/ed no//!es

. "ain Components

- "ain Components


50/69


Water "istri;)tion Systems

E'oJet No//!e Co)nter!ow

In'rease o air0water

'onta't

Uniorm spray

distri;)tion

Se! '!eanin$

4ow head

-. "ain Components

- "ain Components


51/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there *3

E!iminators "esi$n $oa!s

minimi/e drit

minimi/e press)re !ossthro)$h e!iminators

Red)'e p!en)m press)re

!oss ;y air enterin$ ans

in proper air dire'tion

-. "ain Components

- "ain Components


52/69


-. "ain Components

"rit e!iminator e9amp!es

She!! type -moon Ce!!)!ar type

- "ain Components


53/69


Air &o+in$ System

8ans

Power Train

&otor

"ri+e shat

Gear;o9 Tor)e resistin$ s)pport

system

-. "ain Components

-. "ain Components


54/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there *#

A9ia! 8an

-. "ain Components

&an)a't)rer@ Coim'o

"iameter@ 7M1( m

=!ades08an@

=!ade &ateria!@ 8RP

8an Speed@ 117M7 rpm

"esi$n 8an Pit'h@ M

-. "ain Components


55/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there *%

-. "ain Components

Air &o+in$ System

8an

Power Train

&otor

1*3 DW rated power

#1( S0& rame

%*3 K

# phases0(3-/

1,73 rpm

-. "ain Components


56/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there *(

Air &o+in$ System

8an

Power Train

Gear red)'er@

&an)a't)rer@ -ansen Rated

Capa'ity@ ##1 DWSer+i'e 8a'tor@ 2M1

Red)'tion ratio@ 1%.7###

Oi! !);ri'ation

4a;yrinth at o)tp)t

p

-. "ain Components


57/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there **

Air &o+in$ System

Gear red)'er

E9terna! !);ri'ation

pipe arran$ement

with@

Oi! 8i!! and drain !ineKent !ine

4a;yrinth $rease !ine

p

-. "ain Components


58/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there *,

Air &o+in$ System

8an

Power Train Transmission shat

8!e9i;!e e!ementstype

Composite spa'er

Stain!ess stee!'o)p!in$s

"=SE %333 mm

Antire+erse

p

-. "ain Components


59/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there *

Instrumentation

&e'hani'a! e)ipment

Ki;ration monitorin$ system ;y other

Ki;ration transmitter A!arm 0 Trip o motor or +ery hi$h +i;rations

Gear red)'er Oi! temperat)re meas)re

Temperat)re $a)$e

Contro! o oi! temperat)re

p

-. "ain Components


60/69


Instrumentation

E!e'tri' motor

Windin$ temperat)re

PT133 Contin)o)s monitorin$ o temperat)re A!arm0Trip o motor or hi$h temperat)re

=earin$ temperat)re

PT133 Contin)o)s monitorin$ o temperat)re A!arm0Trip o motor or hi$h temperat)re

-. "ain Components


61/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there ,3

Stru#ture

The 'omp!ete str)'t)re

'o!)mnsM ;eams and dia$ona!sis rea!ised with p)!tr)ded

proi!es in i;er reinor'ed

po!yester.

"ia$ona!s are an'hored to the

'on'rete ;asin with an'horin$p!ates.

Co!)mns are J)st !ayin$ on the

'on'rete.

On!y ;o!ted 'onne'tions

-. "ain Components


62/69


Stru#ture

8an "e'DM -andrai!sM Stair

and !adder 'omp!ete!y in8RP

E9terna! '!addin$M partition

wa!!s in 'orr)$ated 8RP

pane!s

8RP an sta'D


63/69


(. Str)'t)ra! "esi$n

. Stru#tural Desi&n


64/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there ,#

4oads Wei$ht

Operatin$ !oadsM main!y water

4i+e !oads

wind seismi'

i'e and snow

maintenan'e !oads

. Stru#tural Desi&n


65/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there ,%

&ateria!s

Stee!

4i$ht ind)stria! and a!!

-KAC

'!ean water maDe)p

!ow 'ost in -KAC si/es

. Stru#tural Desi&n


66/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there ,(

&ateria!s

-iber!"%%

A!! -KACM !i$ht hea+y

ind)stria!M power

-and!es a wide ran$e o

water )a!ity Intermediate 'ost

. Stru#tural Desi&n


67/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there ,*

&ateria!s

Pre%%+re Tre"ted W&&d 4ar$e -KACM !i$ht

hea+y ind)stria!M power

-and!es a wide ran$e o

water )a!ity 4owest 'ost

. Stru#tural Desi&n


68/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there ,,

&ateria!

C&n$rete

4ar$e -KACM !i$ht

hea+y ind)stria!M power

-and!es most water

)a!ity app!i'ations

hi$hest 'ost


69/69

When air and water meet ... SPIG is there (

THANK .OU-OR .OUR

ATTENTION

78

Documents

Presentation CT 160414