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 Defen ce Instit ute of Psychol ogical Resear ch PROFILING OF SUCCESSFUL LEADERS OF INDIAN ARMED FORCES 

Presentation Leadership Profiling 29 July Review

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8/6/2019 Presentation Leadership Profiling 29 July Review

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 Defence Institute of Psychological Research

To identify the critical features of successful military leaders

To prepare pr ofile of the leaders as motivat ors (individual 

f ocused)

To prepare an integrated pr ofile of leaders as motivat ors(attribute f ocused) t o facilitate modelling in cadets

 AIMS OF TH E S T UDY 

Field Marshal S H F J Manekshaw 

Marshal of the Air F orce Arjan Singh

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 Defence Institute of Psychological Research

ME TH OD

Blend of narrative analysis and c ontent analysis

Identifying research questi on:

To identify the critical features of successful military 

leaders Devel o ping analytical c onstructs:

Leadership perf ormance

Identifying useful indices:

Inclusi on index: Leadership characteristics

Exclusi on index: Negative traits

Steps F oll owed 

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 Defence Institute of Psychological Research

Choosing a sample or samples:

Interview excerpts, Speeches, Written texts, Articles,

Inf ormati on on WWW 

Establishing the relevant c ontext of the sample:

Leadership effectiveness

Choosing a specific appr oach:

T hematic analysis and semantic analysis

Determining po pulati on:

Interviews, Bi ographies, Books, Newspapers,Magazines, WWW 

Method C ontd.

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 Defence Institute of Psychological Research

C oding the texts

Presenting the results:

T ables

Defining the unit of analysis:

W ord, w ord sense and theme

Devel o ping c oding rules:

Experts¶ judgements based on thematic and semantic analysis

Method C ontd.

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 Defence Institute of Psychological Research

Field Marshal Sam Hormushji Framjee Jamshedji Manekshaw

A PEEP INTO THE PERSONALITY

Nick Name Sam Bahadur

Date & Place of Birth

3rd April 1914, Amritsar, Punjab

Date & Place of Parting

27th June 2008, Wellington, Tamil Nadu

Resting Place Ooty, Tamil Nadu

Allegiance British Raj (till 1947) and India (after 1947)

Years of Service 1934-1973 (39 years)

Battles/wars World war II, Indo-Pak wars (1947, 1965 & 1971), Sino-Indian war

Awards Padma Vibhushan, Padma Bhushan and Military Cross

 "You received three at this age; when I was of your age, I received

nine bullets and look- today, I am the Commander-in-Chief of the

Indian Army." - During the 1971 Indo-Pakistan War when he met an

injured soldier in army hospital with three bullet wounds.

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 Defence Institute of Psychological Research

Marshal of Air Force Arjan Singh

Place of Birth Lyallpur, Punjab, British India

Date of Birth 15th April 1919

Allegiance India

Years of Service 1938 - Present

Commands held World war II Battle Squadron, Operational, Western Air,AOC-in-C of operational, DCAS, VCAS

Battles/wars World war II and Indo-Pak war (1965)

Awards Padma Vibhushan and Distinguished Flying Cross (DFC)

 ³On the day I retired, I had jumped into cockpit of MIG 21 to fly a

fighter last time. I knew that the IAF won¶t let me fly again´

³He has flown more than 65 aircrafts´

A PEEP INTO THE PERSONALITY

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 Defence Institute of Psychological Research

NEX T S T EP OF TH E S T UDY 

Pr ofiling of leaders as M otivat ors: Validati on Study of Emerged 

Leadership CharacteristicsSample

Seni or service officers who have direct/indirect interacti on with these

leaders

Service officers who are well read about these leaders Service officers who are teaching/taught about these leaders

Media personalities having direct/indirect interacti on with these leaders

Tool 

  A 5-po

int rating scale c o

nstitutingo

f emerged characteristicso

f eachleader 

 Analysis

Descriptive statistics

Fact or analysis

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 Defence Institute of Psychological Research

Thank You

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 Defence Institute of Psychological Research

C ollecti on of inf ormati on

S ources

Sampling of inf ormati on

T hree (3) research fell ows scrutinized these inf ormati on on the

f oll owing criteria:

Repetitiveness

Peripheral 

Back

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 Defence Institute of Psychological Research

Leadership characteristics identified by expertsLeader Expert   Total 

1 2 3

Fd Mshl S H F J Manekshaw 85 117 96 298  

Mshl of the Air F orce Arjan Singh 104 94 89 287  

Identificati on of leadership characteristics

C ollected inf ormati on was distributed amongst three (3 )

experts of psychol ogy. T hey were asked t o identify those

w ords which were descriptive of target leaders.

T hey were also asked t o infer those qualities which c ould 

describe the leader in the particular c ontext.

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 Defence Institute of Psychological Research

Selecti on of leadership characteristicsT hree (3) different experts were asked t o scrutinize the list on the

bel ow menti oned criteria. Only those w ords were retained where

the maj ority of judges ( T w o or M ore) agreed 

Exclusi on criteria:

Negative semantics

Sentences

Leadership characteristics emerged 

Fd Mshl S H F J Manekshaw 118  

Mshl of the Air F orce Arjan Singh 112  BACK

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 Defence Institute of Psychological Research

Clustering/c oding of characteristics on the basis of 

semantics

Five (5) judges were asked t o cluster the characteristics

using f oll owing steps:

Each w ord was spoken al oud and all the judges

 prepared a cluster of all the characteristics.

Same judges further scrutinized their clusters and 

reached on a c onsensusBACK