Presentation of practical lessons on

environmental sanitation for 4th year

  7 - semester

6- ТHEME:

Coagulation water. Method for determining the alkalinity of water hardness. Compilation of health in prison. Method of determining the optimal dose of coagulant. Drawing up conclusions about the effectiveness of sanitary coagulation. Meth-ka

determine the percentage of active Cl. Compiled by e-san. conclusion. Method for determining the

optimum dose and the residual amount of chlorine. Compilation of health in prison.

plan

1 •coagulation value in the preparation of drinking water;

2 •The essence of the coagulation

3 •Coagulants used in the coagulation water and hygiene requirements apply to them

4 •Such that the optimal dose and theoretical

5 •disinfection of water

6 •Reagent water disinfection

7 •Nonchemical methods of water disinfection

PURPOSE OF LESSON :

- Learn the methods for determining the optimal dose of coagulant.- To teach students the method of evaluating the effectiveness of the coagulation processMaster the techniques of water chlorination.  - Learn how to assess the efficiency of water chlorination

.

STUDENT MUST KNOW:

Meaning of coagulation in the preparation of drinking water;  Methodology to assess the effectiveness of coagulation.Methods of water disinfectionDefinitions chlorium gelatium waterTypes of chlorine and chlorine compounds used in the disinfection of water

THE STUDENT SHOULD BE ABLE TO:

Methods of determining the optimal dose of coagulantTo determine test dose of coagulantEvaluate the effectiveness of coagulationIndicators to assess the compliance of hygienic requirements of GOST 950-2011

CONTINUED

Method for determining the optimal dose of chlorineIndependently determine the test dose of chlorineEvaluate the effectiveness of water disinfectionRate epidemiological indicators of water and compared the findings with GOST 950-2011

SEVERE QUESTIONS Call coagulants for use of the coagulation

process.Hygienic requirements for coagulantsCoagulation test method?Conditions for effective coagulationWhat is the essence of the coagulation process water?What factors influence the coagulation process water?What used coagulants? What is flocculants?The alkalinity of the water and its role in the coagulation process.How is the coagulant dose?How is the effectiveness of coagulation in the waterworks?

CONTINUED

How is the selection of doses of chlorine for water chlorination normal doses.How is the working dose for chlorination of water at the waterworks.What determines the effectiveness of chlorination.What is hlorpotrebnost water.As determined by the percentage of active chlorine.Where contact with chlorine water.  That such hlorpoglaschaemost water?What substances applied for the chlorination of drinking water

.

Coagulation is the process of integration of water and colloidal dispersed particles occurring due to their adhesion by the forces of molecular attraction

Coagulation occurs involving chemical coagulants reagentov-:Sulfata- aluminum Al 2 (SO 4) 3 ∙ 18 H2OOksichlorida- alumina [Al2 (OH) 5] Cl 6 H-2OSodium alyuminata- Na Al 102Iron sulfata- Fe So4 ∙ 7 H2O

Flokulyant - high molecular weight synthetic compounds

Distinguish anionic flocculants (poliacrylamide, K-4, K-6, activated silicic acid) and a cationic IA-2) type.

Hygienic Requirements to coagulants and flocculants:

myelotoxicity- High solubilityHave a bactericidal effectShould not affect the organoleptic properties of water

The coagulation process is as follows:

Al2 (SO 4)3 +3 Ca (HCo3)2→←2Al (OH)3+ 3 Ca SO4 + 6Co2Al2 (SO 4)3 +3 Mg (HCo3)2→←2Al (OH)3+ 3 Mg SO4 + 6Co2

Al2 (SO 4)3 +6 H2O →←2Al (OH)3+ 3 SO-4 + 6H+

There are two types of coagulation coagulation in the free volume (flocculation occurs in the cells) and contact

coagulation (in the thickness of the granular or bulk load of suspended sediment)

.

- Factors affecting the coagulation process

water

Temperature

Dose

and type

of coagulan

t

The use of

flocculants and thei

r views

Alkaline Water The amount of suspended solids

Currently, the practice of water chlorination is carried out with gaseous chlorine, hypochlorite bleach or bleach used in the form of finished products, as well as in water is obtained directly upon introduction of ammonia and chlorine

The disinfecting effect of chlorine can be imagined as a complex process in which the bacterial action has as chlorine itself and its hydrolysis products.

- Reagent

water disinfection

simple chlorination

hyperxlotium

chloraminazition

О[ygeniumOligodynamic effect of silver

double chlorination

The problem of water disinfection often solved by using different disinfectants, which are the most widely used chlorine and its compounds.

For disinfection of drinking water is used in two ways:Water disinfection reagent (chemical) methods

Disinfection of water non-reagent (physical) methods

Nonchemical methods of water

disinfection

Gamma

irradiatio

n

Boiling

ultrasound

ultrafiolation Processing by current of ultrahigh frequency

Danger factors

Quantity and quality of raw waterIts methods of pre-treatmentReliability requirements decontamination  Taking into account technical and economic indicators  Terms of delivery reagents  availability of transport  Automation process

Liquid chlorine bleachcalcium hydrochlorideSodium hydrochloride chlorine dioxide Chloramine

What is the essence of the coagulation process water?What factors influence the coagulation process water?What used coagulants? What is flocculants?The alkalinity of the water and its role in the coagulation process.How is the coagulant dose?How is the effectiveness of coagulation in the waterworks?

CONTROL QUESTIONS

How is the selection of doses of chlorine for water chlorination normal doses.How is the working dose for chlorination of water at the waterworks.What determines the effectiveness of chlorination.What is hlorpotrebnost water.  Where contact with chlorine water.

CONTINUED

Summary:1. "Health" under the guidance of prof. Demidenko NM T. 20032. Guide to laboratory work on communal hygiene Goncharuk EI Moscow 19903. Sh.T.Otaboev, T.I.Iskandarov, G.T.Iskandarova "Kommunal hygiene" Tashkent 2010 th.4 "Kommunal gigienadan Amal mashgulotlar Uchun ukuvkullanma. "Edited by Academician Iskandarova TI T. 2006y5. "Communal Hygiene" E.I.Goncharuk Kiev in 2007 I, II part

USE LITERATURE:

GT Iskandarova "Regional san. gig. problems of protection of water sources "water inpatient population of Uzbekistan. T. 2001.- Health rules and regulations of planning and building of settlements of the Republic of Uzbekistan 0003-93- Sanitary norms of admissible levels of electromagnetic fields of radio frequencies 0064-96- Sanitary rules of design and maintenance of cemeteries 0086-99- Health rules and regulations and the optimum allowable building density residential areas of cities of Uzbekistan 0144-03

ДОПОЛНИТЕЛЬНАЯ ЛИТЕРАТУРА

ПРОДОЛЖЕНИЕ -Sanitary rules and standards for design of

residential buildings in the climatic conditions of Uzbekistan 0146-04- Health rules and regulations setting up and maintaining public toilets 0151-04- Hygiene requirements for institutions, organizations, companies and individuals involved in the disinfection activities 0177-04- Health rules and regulations for the use of mobile phones 0189-05- Lecture materials

O'z.Res.SSV veb-sayt WWW.minzdrav.uz TTA sayti – WWW.tma.uz. htt://web.tma TMA Wi-Fizone ZiyONet

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