Presented By

S. S. Warick

Dy. Chief Fire Officer,

Maharashtra Fire Service

Agenda 1. Concepts of Business Continuity Management

2. Fire Prevention & Life Safety Requirements as per National Building Code 2005 and Maharashtra Fire Prevention and Life Safety Measures Act 2006.

3. Questions & Answers

Business Continuity Management Uncertainty is a way of life!

Organizations need to respond

to disasters proactively

Business Continuity and

Emergency Awareness helps to

be prepared

Better preparation leads to

effective response to emergency

situations

Your company’s survivability and

the survivability of other

companies in your supply chain

depend on you

Economic dependence of the

community-at-large…

What is Business Continuity Management?

Business Continuity Management (BCM)

• Identifies potential impacts

• Provides a framework for Continuity Management

• Helps defining the Disaster Recover Plan (DRP)

Prepare

BCP

Risk

Mitigation

Strategies

Proactive actions Post disaster activities

Disaster

Initial

response

Recovery

Activities

Resumption

Activities

After operations stabilise

at recovery location Ongoing Plan

Maintenance

BCP

Maintenance

Updated

BCP

Safe Built Environment

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Structural Safety

Health Safety

Fire Safety

Construction Safety

Electric Safety

Environment Safety

Life Safety

Public Safety

Built around the philosophy of creating and maintaining Safe Built Environment for people and property by ensuring:

Classification of Buildings as per National Building Code (NBC )2005

Group A Residential

Group B Educational

Group C Institutional

Group D Assembly

Group E Business

Group F Mercantile

Group G Industrial

Group H Storage

Group J Hazardous

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SAFETY CONCERNS One of the distinct developments brought out

in NBC-2005 is an emphasis on safety concerns in buildings

NBC-2005 considered safety as an important requirement in buildings starting from construction stage till it exists.

Ensures safe built environment for all types of occupancies.

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PART 4 : FIRE AND LIFE SAFETY Deals with Safety from Fire.

Exits in Building V/S Importance of Life Safety.

Involvement of Qualified & Trained Fire Protection Engineers from the very beginning.

Standards Laid Down to provide safety from fire.

Potential Panic Hazard – measures to minimize Panic hence control on accidents.

Flexibility V/S Rigidity.

Limitation of Height and areas of Building for Occupants Safety.

Phasing out of Ozone Depleting Substance- Under Country Program.

New standards have been already developed and put in place for Halon alternative clean agents.

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NBC 2005 – Part -4 Philosophy

Part – 4 of NBC 2005 , Fire and Life Safety has got following recommendations for various types of occupancies.

Fire Prevention.

Life Safety.

Fire Protection. Besides, Provisions specific to High rise buildings and also useful

information on Industrial Venting have been retained with some useful updates.

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The objective of this part is to specify measures that will provide that degree of safety from fire which can be reasonably achieved.

The Code endeavors to avoid requirements that might involve unreasonable hardships or unnecessary inconvenience or interference with normal use and occupancy of buildings, insist upon compliance with minimum standards for fire safety necessary in public interest.

It is desirable to use such equipment/installation duly certified under the BIS Certifications Marks Scheme.

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FIRE PREVENTION Classification of Buildings (9)

Fire Zones (3)

Types of Construction (4)

Requirements common to all Occupancies

Heating/Smoke venting

Surface and Interior Finish

Glazing/Casement/Skylights/Louvers

Passive systems

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LIFE SAFETY

General Exit requirements

Occupants Load

Capacities of Exit

Arrangement of Exits

Number of Exits

Doorways

Corridors/Passage ways

Horizontal Exits

Internal Staircases

External Staircases

Pressurization of escape routes

Ramps

Refuge Area

Fire Lifts/Fire Tower

Emergency escape lighting/ Illumination

Fire detection and Warning

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Minimum Requirements for Fire Fighting Installations as per Table-23.

Type of Installation

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1) Fire Extinguisher

2) Hose Reel

3) Dry Riser

4) Wet Riser

5) Down comer

6) Yard Hydrant

7) Automatic Sprinkler System

8) Manually Operated Electric

Fire Alarm Systems

9) Automatic Detection and

Alarm System.

Water Supply (in l )

10) Underground Static Water

Storage Tank

11) Terrace Tank

Pump Capacity (in l/min.)

12) Pump near underground static

water storage tank (Fire Pump) with

minimum pressure of 3.5 kg/cm2 at

terrace level.

13) At the Terrace Tank Level with

minimum pressure of 2.0 kg/cm2.

Fire Protection Systems

Extinguishers

Small Bore Hose

Reels

Dry Riser

Wet Riser

Down comer

Yard Hydrant system

Automatic Sprinkler

Installation

Manual Fire Alarm System

Automatic Fire Alarm System

Underground Storage Tank

Terrace Tank

Ground level Pumps

Terrace level Pumps

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Passive Fire Protection

Fighting Natural Calamities – Common Guiding Document.

Refuge Area for High Rise Buildings (15 Mtrs & above in height)

Types of Construction and Openings

Fire Stops/Enclosure of Openings

Air-conditioning/Ventilation (Dampers)

Surface of Flame Spread definitions

Glazing/Skylights (Wired Glass)

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Passive Fire Protection

Travel Distance based on Type of Construction.

Occupant Load.

Number of Exits in Building.

Width of Staircases and Passage

Compartmentation of floor area.

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Causes of Fire

The main causes of fire in the workplace include:

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Examples of such unsafe conditions are as

follows:

damaged electrical conductors, plug wires

or extension cords;

use of faulty modified or unapproved

electrical equipment;

insufficient space or clearance between

electrical heating equipment and

combustibles;

short or overloaded circuits;

loose electrical connections; and

lighting.

Causes a Fire

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carelessly discarded

cigarette butts or lit

matches are one of the

major causes of fire,

both at work and at

home Carelessness is the biggest cause of fire

Causes a fire

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fire

is likely to

spread

through

accumulated

waste or Bad

house keeping

Causes a fire

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kitchens of restaurants

inside the building and

small pantry in offices

provide both opportunities

for the fire to start, and

materials on which it can

feed

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portable heaters, Coffey

machines, microwave

and

Inverters

are a threat when placed

besides combustible

furniture, fittings, etc.

Causes a fire

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combustible materials

flammable liquids,

glues and solvents

are all liable to combust

unless stored and used

properly. Hazardous

materials such as

paints, solvents, adhesive,

chemicals should be

included in this category

Causes a fire

negligence in conducting

hot work,

such as

welding,

Cutting

or

grinding

Causes a fire

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Arson-raising is a major

cause of fires in

workplaces. Make sure

you consider measures to

reduce the likelihood and

severity of a deliberate

fire.

Minimize Danger to Employees

Arrange exit routes so that employees will not have to travel toward a high hazard

area,

unless it is effectively shielded

Emergency safeguards

sprinkler systems, alarm systems, fire doors, exit lighting

must be in proper working order at all times

Fire Doors

Door stops, wedges and other unapproved hold-open devices are prohibited on fire doors

Swinging fire doors shall close from the full-open position and shall latch automatically

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NO!!!

Exit Route Capacity and Dimensions

Exit Route

must not reduce the width of the exit route to less than

the minimum width

requirements for exit routes.

Minimize Danger to Employees

Exit routes must be free

and unobstructed

Means of Egress A continuous and unobstructed way of exit travel from a building or structure.

Egress must be unobstructed and unlocked while the structure is occupied.

Due to security reasons some EXIT roots are locked.

But key shall be always available with security staff who is posted near that emergency gate

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• All exits must be clearly visible, no mirrors, curtains, or

other camouflage.

• All exits must be clearly illuminated / Florescent material

which is visible in darkness also.

Emergency Exits

• Doors which may be mistaken

as exits must be clearly

labeled as

“Not an Exit.”

Lighting and marking must be adequate and appropriate.

Each doorway or passage along an exit access that could be mistaken

for an exit must be marked “Not an Exit” or similar designation,

or be identified by a sign indicating its actual use

.

Minimize Danger to Employees

Exit routes must be kept free of explosive or highly flammable furnishings or other decorations.

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Material should not be placed in exit corridors

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Fire Extinguishers

should be mounted position

Don’t hide emergency singe

behind the decoration

General Requirements for all Workplaces

: Means of egress

Procedures:

– Maintain unobstructed

egress from every

building and structure

where employees are

working

– Mark all exits with signs

and mark access to exits

where it is not

immediately apparent

how to exit

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Building Evacuation…

Purdue ALERT System Basic Layers

Fire Alarms mean

“evacuation”

to

Emergency Assembly Area

•Unless you have been told that the fire alarm is being tested, leave the building immediately upon hearing it go off each and every time!

•Try to close all windows and doors in your area.

•Do not run, but walk to the nearest exit. And don’t take the elevator, use the stairwell.

•Proceed to one of the identified rendezvous points . This includes passengers and airport staff gather together in a small group with other people from your department.

•Do not re-enter the building or leave the area until you are told to do so.

Evacuation

SECURING WORK STATION

(TIME PERMITTING) Switch off all electrical appliances, e.g.:

Computers Calculators Photocopiers Computer Terminals

Clear all lose papers from your desk Close all filling cabinets and cupboards Close all windows Switch off air-conditioning units Switch off the lights Leave the office, closing the door behind you Report to the “Assembly Point”

What should you know before an emergency occurs?

• Understand the building emergency evacuation plan.

• Identify and practice the way to at least two escape routes from your workstation to the designated gathering place.

• Count and remember how many desks or cubicles and doors are between your workstation and the two nearest exits, you may need to escape in the dark.

• Know where the fire and emergency reporting stations are and how to use them.

• Recognize the sights and sounds of fire and emergency evacuation alarms.

• Document who to contact and how to contact them at the time of an emergency.

• Report blocked exits and damaged or nonfunctioning building safety systems.

“ Do not walk in smoke field areas, lie down crawl on the ground level”

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• The Part 4 of NBC 2005 has got separate Annex E which provides Guidelines for Fire Drill & Evacuation Procedures for High Rise Building.

• From Planning of building to its erection and then for day to day maintenance of fire prevention and fire protection measures Part 4 of NBC and various good practices prescribed in various BIS standards are very helpful.

• Every Organization should adopt these good practices to make the work place or any building more safe from fire and safety point of view.

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ENFORCEMENT

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The Building Regulatory consist of

Building Byelaws

Building Rules

Planning Standards

Development Control Rules

Fire Act / Regulations

Town Planning Act / Rules

Hazard Mapping Rules

Water Supply Byelaws

Drainage Byelaws

These regulatory

documents have

to be brought in

line with

NBC 2005

ENFORCEMENT Techno-Legal Regime

• As per provisions of Maharashtra Fire Prevention & Life Safety Measures Act 2006, provisions of Part - 4 of NBC 2005 are mandatory for all upcoming building in the state.

• Some of the State / City Governments have made NBC 2005 as part of the Building Rules / Fire Protection Rules for mandatory effect.

• As per provisions of Section 3 of The Maharashtra Fire Prevention and Life Safety Measures Act 2006 The owner or occupier of the building has to certify through licence agency that the fire prevention and life safety arrangements are maintained in the building.

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ENFORCEMENT

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Introducing Techno-legal regime

through provisions in building

regulatory media and its application

during the stages of

• Building Permit

• Development Permit

• Supervision Control

• Completion Certificate

• Occupancy Permit

• Periodic Renewal Certificate

ENFORCEMENT

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To mandatorily associate the right level of

professionals (architects, engineers,

structural engineers, supervisors, town

planners, urban designers, landscape

architect, fire protection engineers &

professionals for utility services)of

degree/diploma or certificate level

depending on

• The nature of building (type, size, area,

height)

• The location ( mega /metro city,

medium/small town and villages)

Adoption of NBC 2005 WAY FORWARD

Fire Safety norms are very rarely included in Building Rules.

Some Fire Safety regulations (excepting Mumbai, Delhi,

Kolkata) are provided recently.

Part-IV of NBC contain revamped Fire safety norms through

detailed provisions on Fire Prevention, Life Safety and Fire

Protection.

Therefore full adoption of Part IV of NBC 2005 should be

done, without any variations. Some contents can be

directly included in the Building Rules on exit

requirements, fire protection options.

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Towards Safe Built Environment ....

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Thank you for your serene listening

Any Questions ????