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www.orthotropic-bridge.org 2013 tour Thursday 06-27-2013 5 :30 pm to 11pm

The Alfred Zampa and SFOBB Self Anchoring Orthotropic Suspension Bridges 1965-2013

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18/03/2013 Monday, 18 March 2013 Page 1 of 13 3rd www.orthotropic-bridge.org bus tour Thursday June 27, 2013 Email address for questions [email protected]

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1. Summary

Movies will be played about these two bridges will played on board these buses [ there are may be two to three buses] Tentative Tour Guides are listed. ASCE and these organizations reserve the right to switch or substitute tour guides if needed. Tour guides will rotate bus, at stops so all attendees can discuss details with them

2. Dyab Khazem, PE

Parsons Transportation Group [ project manager for the Alfred Zampa Memorial Suspension Bridge]

3. Dr. Marwan Nader, PE

T. Y. Lin International[ project manager for the SFOBB SAS Suspension Bridge]

4. Dr. Brian Maroney, PE

Caltrans [ Toll Bridge manager for the California Department of Transportation]

The Tour of Orthotropic Suspension Bridges Listed times are approximate, they may vary based

on traffic and actual time spent visiting the two bridges



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Keywords: Orthotropic steel decks; Orthotropic, Bridges, Wearing Surface, Weathering Steel, California, Movable Bridges, bascule bridge, and fatigue resistant detailing

5. [6:30-7:15 PM -stopover #1 – see map of San Francisco Bay area] The Alfred Zampa Memorial Bridge across Carquinez Straits [2003]

The steel truss bridge completed in 1927 and designed by David B. Steinman was determined to be in need of a seismic retrofit in the 1990’s [21]. The narrowest part of the Sacramento River is at Carquinez Strait, The flow of the water changes with the tide. The suspension bridge offers an obstruction free travel area for the ocean going vessels travelling below these bridges. The descendant firm, Parsons Corporation selected a replacement solution or a Suspension Bridge with an aerodynamic orthotropic superstructure [Bridge No. 28-0352L]. The 1927 truss bridge will be demolished. Dr. John W. Fisher of Lehigh, PA USA, has developed with Parsons Corporation a more fatigue resistant detail for trapezoidal ribs. This detail is described in the AASHTO code & [6] & [22]. The bridge has a 28.96-m wide x 1056-M long = 30,586 sq. meters of Orthotropic deck area. The roadway superstructure is 3.0-M deep. The superstructure was fabricated in 24 full width sections in Japan with bolted splices on the sides and bottom. The top deck is welded. The interior & exterior of the bridge was painted. There are many other papers discussing this complex bridge plus Fig 3. The bridge was named the Alfred Zampa Memorial Bridge. See http://www.franklinnewbridge.org



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Fig. 3A The Alfred Zampa Memorial Bridge across Carquinez Straits

Fig. 3B Overlook for The Alfred Zampa Memorial Bridge across Carquinez Straits

[7:40pm – 9:40pm stopover #2– see map of San Francisco Bay area] The East Spans replacement Self-Anchoring Suspension Bridge [2012]

The joint venture firm of T. Y. LIN International + Moffatt & Nichol selected a replacement solution or a Suspension Bridge with a twin aerodynamic Orthotropic superstructure [Br. No. 34-0006 L / R]. The 1936 bridge will be demolished. A variation of Dr. John W. Fisher’s fatigue resistant “cut-out” detailing will be used for the “V” shaped deck ribs. Other rib types are also used for this complex structure’s twin superstructure. The detailing of this superstructure is totally different than the Carquinez Bridge [6]. The bridge will use “dehumidification” in a small portion around the anchorage area, so less than 3% of the bridge’s interior will not be painted. The standard Caltrans wearing surface will be utilised. The bridge is divided into two superstructures x 24.08-M wide x 674.83-M long = 32,500 sq. meters of Orthotropic deck area. This steel portion is shown in Fig 8. See http://www.baybridgeinfo.org/ describes current status of bridge construction. The SAS Portion which is orthotropic was fabricated in China. The foundations for falsework system are underway. A current photo of orthotropic SAS portion of the skyway.



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Fig. 8A & 8B Renderings of the Self-Anchoring Suspension spans for the East portion of SFOB Bridge

Fig. 8b Tour on bridge may or may not be possible of SFOBB Self-Anchoring Suspension Tower and orthotropic deck section at Caltrans visitor center Burma Road, Oakland California



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“The Bridge So Far – A Suspense Story” was the first of a series of documentaries developed by the union, Professional Engineers in California Government. The documentary in addition to discussing the technical issues that surround a major bridge project examines the interplay involved in the development of a transportation mega project within the heart of the busy metropolitan San Francisco Bay area. With a historical perspective that sweeps from the inception of the San Francisco Oakland Bay Bridge in the 1930’s to the Loma Prieta earthquake in 1989 when a portion of the bridge collapsed, up to early 2006 and the beginning of bridge construction the documentary provides a rare insight into the workings behind the scenes of a major transportation structural engineering project. The documentary through the use of a humorous and interesting story line provides a powerful and compelling look at how major engineering projects not only change the places we live but change the way we think about where we live and ourselves. With a scope that includes the collision of politics, community activism, and conflicts between local, state and the Federal governments the film provides entertainment value and a thought provoking message about the staccato steps in the journey a community follows in the development of a new, safe bridge that provides greater mobility for all modes of travel across the Bay between the cities of San Francisco and Oakland. Award winning filmmaker David Brown filmed and produced the entertaining story with all the drama, comedy, optimism, dashed hopes, and plot reversals that can only happen in real life. The 3-D animation was by Rick Pepper and cartoon animation by Charlie Canfield.



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FIGURE 1 MOVIE POSTER ART COPYRIGHT PECG = PROFESSIONAL ENGINEERS IN CALIFORNIA GOVERNMENT

6. Other Orthotropic Bridges in California

Seventeen Orthotropic bridges built and in operation in California, plus one under construction and two innovative bridges designed, but never built. Orthotropic steel decks in North America are very rare with about 51 out of 650,000 inventoried bridges. California has 25,000 bridges or 4% of all USA bridges, but more than 25% of the orthotropic bridges. Bridges discussed are the North 680 to West Connector Bridge of Dublin CA [1965]; Ulatis Creek I-80 wearing test bridge, Vacaville [1966]; San



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Mateo - Hayward [1968]; San Diego Coronado [1969]; Queensway Twin Bridges [1971]; BART Weathering Steel Twin Steel Bridges – Berkeley [1972]; the Miller-Sweeney bascule bridge on Alameda Island; [1974]; Sacramento River Bridge at Colusa [1980]; Golden Gate Bridge Redecking [1985]; Maritime Off-Ramp [1997]; are the Carquinez Straits [2003] and the SFOBB San Francisco Oakland Bay Bridge [2013].

7. [Please see Saturday June 29, 2013 bus tour details]

Order Built

Bridge Name Deck Area (Sq. meters)

1. Dublin 580/680 Test [1965] 1011 2. Ulatis Creek Test [1966] 411 3. San Mateo – Hayward [1967] 43,476 4. San Diego – Coronado [1969] 10,266 5. Queensway Twin [1971] 10,256 6. Southern Crossing [1971] Not Built 7. Four ---- BART Rail [1972] 449 8. Colusa [1972] 372 9. Miller – Sweeney [1973] 722

10. Ruck – A – Chucky [1976] Not Built 11. Braille Trail Pedestrian [1977] 33 12. Golden Gate Redecking [1985] 35,934 13. Maritime Off-Ramp [1997] 7,921 14. Slab [1997] Unknown 15. Alfred Zampa @ Carquinez [2003] 30,586 16. SFOBB Self Anchoring [2007] 32,500

TOTAL 17 California Bridges 173,937

Millau Viaduct, France [2005] 184,800 Table 1 Compares the Millau Viaduct deck area of all California Orthotropic bridges



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Map: The Orthotropic Bridges of California [numbered in order completed]



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Fig. 20 COMPARISON OF LARGE ORTHOTROPIC BRIDGES [LEFT HALF]



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Fig. 21 COMPARISON OF LARGE ORTHOTROPIC BRIDGES [RIGHT HALF]

8. Acknowledgements

ThThe Authors’ thoughts are expressed and not necessarily those of ASCE. The Authors’ home e-mail: [email protected]

9. References

[1] PAUL, E. E. “Light Steel Floor Governs Long Lift-Span Design”, Engineering News Record May



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14, New York, NY, 1931 pp. 796 to 798.

[2] WOLCHUK, R., Design Manual for Orthotropic Steel Plate Deck Bridges, American Institute of Steel Construction, Chicago, IL. 1963, 223 pp.

[3] TROITSKY, M. S., Orthotropic Bridges - Theory and Design, 2nd ed., The James F. Lincoln Arc Welding Foundation, Cleveland, OH, 374 pp.

[4] DAVIS, R. E., “Field Testing Of An Orthotropic Steel Deck Bridge, Vol., 1 and 2”, California Department of Public Works, Division of Highway, Bridge Department, Sacramento, CA, 1968, 278 pp.

[5] DAVIS, R. E., BENDER, O., “California Builds Experimental Orthotropic Plate Bridge”, Civil Engineering, ASCE, Vol 34, No. 11, November 1964, pp 62-63.

[6] MANGUS, A. R., and SUN, S. “Chapter 14 Orthotropic Deck Bridges” edited by CHEN W., and DUAN L., Bridge Engineering Handbook, C. R. C. Press, Boca Raton, FL, 1999, [pp 14-1 to 14-46], 560 pp.

[7] MANGUS, A. R., “Oral History of Ostap ‘Joe’ Bender ”, History and Heritage Committee, Caltrans, Sacramento, CA, in progress, 60 pp.

[8] FONDRIEST, F., SNYDER, M. J., “Research on and Paving Practices for Wearing Surfaces on Orthotropic Steel Bridge Decks”, Bulletin No. 3 – Battelle Memorial Institute, AISI American Iron & Steel Institute, Washington D. C., August 1966, 45 pp.

[9] FOLEY, E. R. and MURPHY J. P., “World's Longest Orthotropic Section Feature of San Mateo-Hayward Bridge”, Civil Engineering, ASCE, Vol 38, No 4, April 1968, pp. 54-58.

[10] BALALA, B., “First Orthotropic Bridge Deck paved with Epoxy Asphalt”, Civil Engineering, American Society of Civil Engineers, Vol 38, April 1968, pp. 59-61.

[11] WILLIAM, K. J. and SCORDELIS A. C. “Analysis of Orthotropic Folded Plates with Eccentric Stiffeners, Report No. 70-2”, Structures and Materials Research, University of California Berkeley, CA, February 1970, 129 pp.

[12] CURTIS G. N., “Design of the Queens Way Bridge”, Modern Welded Structure, IV, James F. Lincoln Arc Welding Foundation, Cleveland, OH, 1980, [pp A-34 to A-35], 242pp.

[13] MANGUS, A., “Movable Bridges with Orthotropic Decks” HMS Eighth Biennial Movable Bridge Symposium Nov 8-10, 2000 HMS Heavy Movable Structures Inc., Middletown NJ, pp [1-26], 322pp.

[14] BENDER O., “Removable Section - Sacramento River Bridge at Colusa”, Arc Welded in Manufacturing and Construction, II, James F. Lincoln Arc Welding, Cleveland, OH, 1984, pp A25-A29.

[15] AISC, “Moveable bridge category Miller-Sweeney Bridge - McCreary Koretsky International Inc.” AISC Prize Bridges, American Institute of Steel Construction, Chicago IL, 1974, pp 12-13, 26 pp.

[16] KAWAR, O. H. “Specifications For The Resurfacing Of Bridge Deck with Epoxy Urethane Co-Polymer System On Fruitvale Avenue Bridge (Bridge No. 33C-0147) Between The Cities Of Alameda And Oakland, Alameda County California (Miller Sweeney Bridge)” Alameda County, Alameda, CA, 1997, 117 pp.

[17] LIN, T.Y.; KULKAK, F.; CHOW P.; FIRMAGE, A., “Design of Ruck-A-Chucky Bridge, American River, California USA”, 48TH Annual Convention of the Structural Engineers Association of California, Sacramento, 1979 pp 133-146.

[18] HARAN, T., “Braille Trail Bridge” Welded Structures, The James F. Lincoln Arc Welding Foundation, Cleveland, OH, 1977, pp D-10 to D-11.

[19] ROBERTS, J. E., MARQUEZ, T., HUANG, C., MANGUS, A., WILLIAMS, J. and, BENOIT, M., “California's First Curved Orthotropic Bridge” Structural Engineering International IABSE International Association of Bridge and Structural Engineers, Vol. 10, No 2, Zurich, Switzerland,



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May 2000, pp 124-127.

[20] STRASKY J., SIVACHENKO, E. and SVADBIK, P. “Short Span Steel Structures IBC-98-10” 15th Annual International Bridge Conference, Engineers Society of Western Pennsylvania Pittsburgh, PA, 1998, pp 69-76.

[21] BAYOL G., Editor, Spanning the Carquinez Strait – The Alfred Zampa Memorial Bridge, California Department of Transportation, Sacramento, CA, 2004, 93 pp.

[22] SPOTH, T., KHAZEM D., & ORSOLINI G., ” New Carquinez Bridge Northeast of San Francisco California Technical Design Advances” TRB Transportation Research Board Washington D.C., 1997, pp 40-48.

[23] NADER, M., MANZANAREZ, R., BAKER G, and TOAN, V., “San Francisco - Oakland Bay Bridge Self-Anchored Suspension Span Steel Design Challenges and Solutions”, 2ND World Steel Bridge Symposium & Workshop, Chicago IL, NSBA + AISC October 2-5, 2001, American Institute of Steel Construction, Chicago IL, 2001, pp16-1 to 16-27.

[24] Mangus, A, “Orthotropic Deck Bridges Constructed in Cold Regions”, 11TH Cold Regions Engineering Conference, May 20-22, 2002 Anchorage, AK, Merrill, K., S. Ed., ASCE, Reston, VA, 2002. www.asce.org

[25] ASCE Proceedings of www.orthotropic-bridge.org for August 25, 26, 27 2004 , ASCE Capital Branch of Sacramento, CA 2005, 875 pages

[26] Buckland, Peter, G. “The Lions Gate Bridge - renovation “, Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering, CSCE, Ottawa, Canada, Volume 8, n 4, 1981 pp 484-508 http://pubs.nrc-cnrc.gc.ca/rp-ps/journalDetail.jsp?jcode=cjce&lang=eng

[27] Buckland, Peter, G. “Increasing The Load Capacity of Suspension Bridges “, ASCE Journal of Bridge Engineering, September October, 2003 pp 288-296 www.asce.org

[28] Wolchuk, R., Baker, G. S. ASCE Seminar on Orthotropic Bridges Sacramento, CA August 23-24, 2004 by Roman Wolchuk Consulting Engineers, ASCE Capital Branch of Sacramento, CA 2004, 225 pages www.orthotropic-bridge.org

[29] Wolchuk, R., Temporary Bridge with Orthotropic Deck, The Welding Innovation Quarterly, The James F. Lincoln Arc Welding Foundation, IX(2), 19, 1992

[30] Wolchuk, R., Orthotropic Redecking of Bridges on the North American Continent, Structural Engineering International, IABSE, 2(2), 125, 1992. www.iabse.org

[31] Wolchuk, R.,“Prefabricating Standard Orthotropic Steel Decks”, Modern Steel Construction December, 2006 http://www.aisc.org/MSCTemplate.cfm

[32] Huang C., Mangus, A, “An International Perspective: Renovating Existing Bridges with Orthotropic Deck Panels” pp 163 to 168 2008 Accelerated Bridge Construction – Highway For Life Conference Baltimore Maryland March 19-21, 2008 proceedings 534 pages http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/bridge/accelerated/index.cfm

[33] Huang C., Mangus, A, “An International Perspective: Existing Bridges with Hybrid Superstructure Orthotropic Deck with Prestressed Concrete” pp 369 to 373 2008 Accelerated Bridge Construction – Highway For Life Conference Baltimore Maryland March 19-21, 2008 proceedings 534 pages http://www.fhwa.dot.gov/bridge/accelerated/index.cfm

[34] Murphy, J. P. “Early California Accelerated Bridge Construction”, Steel Tips, # 98, The Structural Steel Educational Council, June 2007, 25 pages http://www.steeltips.org/

[35] Murphy, J. P. “Cost Effective Bridge Fabrication”, Steel Tips, # 101, The Structural Steel Educational Council, April 2008, 23 pages http://www.steeltips.org/

[36] Stahl, Frank L. Orthotropic Steel Plates for Bridge Deck Replacement, ASTM American Society of Testing Materials STP 1100, 1990.

[37] Haight, Roger, Chang, Sherry, Kushmock, Robert, “Orthotropic Deck Rehabilitation at the Throngs Neck Bridge”, ASCE Metropolis and Beyond, New York, Structural Engineering



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Institute. April 20-24. 2005. 10p (8 Fig.) www.asce.org

[38] Caramelli, S.; Croce, P.; Salvatore W., “The Composite Steel-Concrete Orthotropic Plate Bridge Deck,” Vol. 1. p. 377 to p. 388 Bridge Engineering Conference, March 2000 - Sharm El Sheikh, Sinai, Egypt www.iabse.org

[39] Wilson, John C., Repair of New Long-Span Bridges Damaged by the 1995 Kobe Earthquake, ASCE Journal of Performance of Constructed Facilities; Nov2003, Vol. 17 Issue 4, p196-205, 10p www.asce.org

[40] Csagoly, Paul F., “Testing of a Composite Steel-Concrete Bridge Deck,” Concrete International, February 1997 – pp 47-53 www.concrete.org

[41] Mangus, A, “The Next Generation Orthotropic Steel Deck Bridges”, World Steel Bridge Symposium, National Steel Bridge Alliance, Non 29 to Dec 2, 2005, Orlando, FL http://www.steelbridges.org/pages/2005proceedings.html

[42] Sedlacek, Gerhard, “Orthotropic Plate Bridge Decks”, Chapter 2.10, Constructional Steel Design, An International Guide, Dowling, Patrick J.; Harding, John E.; and Bjorhovde, Reidar, Elsevier Applied Science, London, 1992, 950 pp. www.Elsevier.com

[43] “Bridge So Far; A Suspense Story” Video, PECG = Professional Engineers in California Government, 59 minutes

[44] Caltrans – District, “Alfred Zampa Memorial Bridge” Video

[45] Birdsall, Blair and Crellis, Jose , “A Bridge for the 21st Century”, ASCE, Civil Engineering Magazine, Oct 1997, pp 68-71

[46] Mathur, Ravi; Ketchum, Mark A.; Orsolini, Greg, and Chang C.-Y. “Seismic Design of the New Carquinez Bridge” International Bridge Conference 2001, Pittsburgh, PA Engineers Society of Western Pennsylvania paper number (IBC-Ol-54)

[47] Marquez, Michael, Thimmhardy, Eugene and Reyes, Joe. “The New Carquinez Bridge-America’s Newest Suspension Bridge”, presented on Tuesday June 17, 2003 on DVD Caltrans Engineering Service Education Committee Video [55-minutes].

[48] Marquez, Michael, Orsolini, Greg; Ketchum, Mark A. and Spoth, Tom, “Suspension Solution”, ASCE, Civil Engineering Magazine, June 2000, pp 60-65

[49] Orsolini, G. etc. (2005), “Design of Box Girders”, Proceedings of Orthotropic Bridge Conference, ASCE Capital Branch of Sacramento CA. www.orthotropic-bridge.org

[50] Schatzmann, Richard and Boal, Brian, Caltrans (2004), “Spanning the Carquinez Strait - The Alfred Zampa Memorial Bridge”, Video, 33 minutes, California Department of Transportation Sacramento, CA. (This video either VHS or DVD format can be purchased by e-mailing [email protected])

[51] Thimmhardy, Eugene ; Marquez, Michael and Wolfe, Raymond Wolfe, W. “New Carquinez Bridge, North America’s newest Suspension Bridge ” Steelbridge 2004 Steel Bridges extend structural limits” presented at Millau on June 23-25, OTUA Paris, France, 2004 [14 pages]

[52] Ney, Bart, “A legacy in Iron & Steel”, Caltrans Journal, Oct-December 203, Volume 4, Issue 3, pp 9-10

[53] Robinson, John V. “Spanning the Strait, Building the Alfred Zampa Memorial Bridge” Carquinez Press, Crockett, CA, 2004 pages 7-23 [pp115]

[54] Thomas, Andy [writer / producer] “Modern Marvels – The Golden Gate Bridge” , The History Channel + A & E Home Video, 1994, color, approximately 55 minutes [AAE-95001]

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