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Research Methodology and Practical Biostatistics Using SPSS - Introduction -. Prof. Zekeriya Aktürk 26.02.2011, Sana’a. http://aile.atauni.edu.tr [email protected]. Aims and Objectives. - PowerPoint PPT Presentation
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Prof. Zekeriya Aktürk
26.02.2011, Sana’a
Research Methodology Research Methodology and Practical Biostatistics and Practical Biostatistics
Using SPSSUsing SPSS
- Introduction -- Introduction -
http://aile.atauni.edu.tr
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Aims and Objectives• At teh end of this presentation, the participants should
be aware of basic research methodology and be equipped with the information to conduct a research.
• Objectives– List stages of a research– Ask a clinically answerable question– Classify types of data– Count basic hypothesis tests and their usage– Define types of study designs
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Let us do a research togetherStatistics course participants and reasearch
Aktürk Z. Sana’a, February 25, 2011
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One literature
Askew, DA. et al. GPs involvement in and attitudes to research. Med J Aust 2002;177(2):74-77
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Stages of a research
1. Ask an answerable question2. Is the question already answered?3. Formulate hypothesis4. Decide on the method5. Application6. Analysis7. Interpret results8. Write report
Tyler CW, Epidemyology
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Most important: IdeasMy research logbook
Idea Method Application Reporting1. Usage of herbal
medicine among public
2. Effect of constipation on cognitive functions
3. …
1. Medical specialization training in Turkey
2. .
1. The effect of structured exercise on weight loss
2. Developing a national EMR database
3. .
1. Prevalence of osteoporosis in Edirne
2. Knowledge of herbs by medical students
3. .
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Answerable clinical question•Patient/problem•Intervention•Comparison•Outcomes
Is there a difference between a calorie diet and a glycemic diet in decreasing the body mass index of obese patients?
Centre for EBM http:www.cebm.net/
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Formulating the hypothesis
• H0 – There is no difference between a calorie diet and a
glycemic diet in decreasing the body mass index of obese patients.
• H1 – There is a significant difference between a calorie diet
and a glycemic diet in decreasing the body mass index of obese patients.
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Study designs(How to answer the question?)
• Observation– Case report– Prevalence– Case control– Cohort studies
• Intervention– Randomized controlled studies
• Methodological– Reliability-Validity– Sensiivity-Specifity
Case-Control Study
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Cohort study
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RCT
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Analysis – Data types
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Choosing the correct test
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Question
• Is there any significant difference between class 1 and class 6 medical students in recognising thyme?
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Hypothesis
• H0: There is no significant difference between class 1 and class 6 medical students in recognising thyme?
• H1: There is significant difference between class 1 and class 6 medical students in recognising thyme?
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Method
• Showing the picture of thyme plant to class 1 and class 6 medical students and asking whether they recognize it
Analysis - Frequencies
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Analysis – Hypothesis test
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Interpretation
• While 12% of class 1 students recognized thyme, this was 78% in class 6
• Although class 6 students are better in recognizing thyme, even among them 22% failed.
• There is a significant difference between class 1 and class 6 medical students in recognizing the picture of thyme (p<0,001).