PROFESSIONAL AUTONOMYPROFESSIONAL AUTONOMY AS A MAINSPRING OF PERSONAL AS A MAINSPRING OF PERSONAL

AND PROFESSIONAL SELF AND PROFESSIONAL SELF--DEVELOPMENT DEVELOPMENT OF MEDICAL UNIVERSITY TEACHERSOF MEDICAL UNIVERSITY TEACHERS

Oksana A. GavrilyukOksana A. Gavrilyuk

Krasnoyarsk State Medical UniversityKrasnoyarsk State Medical UniversityIrkutskIrkutsk , 201 , 20122..

SocietySociety

Social and economic Social and economic transformations in transformations in RussiaRussia

Increased level of independence = autonomyIncreased level of independence = autonomy

Global tendency to Global tendency to democratization and democratization and humanizationhumanization

Severization of requirements to a human being Severization of requirements to a human being as a personality and an actor as a personality and an actor

Medical UniversitiesMedical Universities in Russia:in Russia:Legal frameworkLegal framework

Russian Russian educationaleducational

actsacts

International International laws, projects laws, projects and and programmesprogrammes

Profess the university autonomy principleProfess the university autonomy principleand academic freedomsand academic freedoms

Determine the level of autonomy Determine the level of autonomy and academic freedoms and academic freedoms

Federal State Educational StandardsFederal State Educational Standards

Federal State Educational StandardsFederal State Educational Standards The Competency-Based Approach to TrainingThe Competency-Based Approach to Training

The new role of medical students The new role of medical students in the educational process in the educational process

is ensured by a set of competences is ensured by a set of competences as dynamic combinations of knowledge, as dynamic combinations of knowledge,

understanding, skills and abilities.understanding, skills and abilities.

!!Meta-competences/Meta-competences/generic competencesgeneric competences(i.e. transferable (i.e. transferable competencescompetences

across study areas)across study areas)

Meta-Meta-competencescompetences

TUNING MOTTO:Tuning of educational structures

and programmes on the basis of diversity

and autonomy

Self-determination theory (SDT)Self-determination theory (SDT)

of R.M. Ryan of R.M. Ryan & E.L. & E.L. DeciDeci ““The need for autonomy (or a need to have a The need for autonomy (or a need to have a

choice and act with self-determination) is the choice and act with self-determination) is the universal need to feel like an agent or an universal need to feel like an agent or an initiator”.initiator”.

““Satisfaction of this need is an important Satisfaction of this need is an important condition, which determines psychological well-condition, which determines psychological well-being, optimal functioning and healthy being, optimal functioning and healthy development of a personality; frustration of this development of a personality; frustration of this need, on the other hand, leads to the decrease of need, on the other hand, leads to the decrease of psychological well-being and the degradation of psychological well-being and the degradation of activity”activity”

(Ryan, Deci, 2006). (Ryan, Deci, 2006).

Student autonomyStudent autonomy

MEDICAL STUDENTMEDICAL STUDENT - What to study?- What to study? - How to study?- How to study? - - Why?Why?- intrinsic motivation to - intrinsic motivation to academic achievement academic achievement and personal and professional and personal and professional development, development, - internal locus of control, internal locus of control, - responsibility, responsibility, - creativity,creativity,- ability to goal setting, ability to goal setting, - ability to decision making, ability to decision making, - ability to make choices, ability to make choices, - critical mcritical mindfulnessindfulness..

Competence to develop Competence to develop as a self-determined, socially as a self-determined, socially responsible and critically aware responsible and critically aware

participant in (and beyond) participant in (and beyond) educational environmentseducational environments = perceived autonomy= perceived autonomy

University teachers are expected to:University teachers are expected to:

ProvideProvide MasterMaster

DevelopDevelop

- - Students’ autonomy Students’ autonomy -- Their own professional autonomy Their own professional autonomy

-- transparency transparency-- availability availability-- professionalization professionalization-- personalization personalization-- diversity diversity-- rationality rationality- - efficiencyefficiency

-- new educational new educational environmentenvironment--new forms and means of new forms and means of teaching and evaluating teaching and evaluating students’ academic activitiesstudents’ academic activities-- new content (searching, new content (searching, evaluating, analyzing)evaluating, analyzing)

Changes in Medical University Changes in Medical University teachers’ professional activityteachers’ professional activity

YesterdayYesterday

TodayToday

Business Business corporationcorporation

HypermarketHypermarket

StudentsStudentsStaff membersStaff members

University = University = Cathedral of Cathedral of

sciencescience

Diversification of teacher’s activity, increase of the number of the processes the teacher participates in Freedom of choice of Freedom of choice of educational forms, means, educational forms, means, methods, content…methods, content…

PROVIDED AUTONOMYPROVIDED AUTONOMY doesn’t resolve the problem !doesn’t resolve the problem !

Unforeseen situations “Information abundance” Difficulties in planning, making choices and taking responsible decisions, assessing the results of one’s own teaching Stereotypes of thinking Behavioral clichés

Teacher Professional AutonomyTeacher Professional Autonomy

IndependenceIndependence,, capacity to take control of one’s capacity to take control of one’s own teaching through planning, making own teaching through planning, making choices and taking responsible decisionschoices and taking responsible decisions

FREEDOM «FROM»FREEDOM «FOR»

IsolationIsolationFreedom from controlFreedom from control

… … professional self-developmentprofessional self-development

… … lifelong autonomous learninglifelong autonomous learning … … making important decisions making important decisions

META META - - COMPETENCECOMPETENCE

PERCEIVED AUTONOMYPERCEIVED AUTONOMY

CHALLENGESCHALLENGES

OPPORTUNITIES OPPORTUNITIES FORFOR

SELF-DEVELOPMENTSELF-DEVELOPMENT

- Transformation of the educational process into a - Transformation of the educational process into a fascinating and professionally-oriented one through fascinating and professionally-oriented one through

making professional choices, taking responsible making professional choices, taking responsible decisions and reflecting the students’ needsdecisions and reflecting the students’ needs

-Development of students’ autonomy-Development of students’ autonomy

- Teacher personal and professional self-development- Teacher personal and professional self-development

- Prevention of teacher burnout- Prevention of teacher burnout

-- Development of university autonomyDevelopment of university autonomy

PERCEIVED TEACHER AUTONOMY ENSURES:

Krasnoyarsk State Medical University:Krasnoyarsk State Medical University:

A special course of personal and professional self- A special course of personal and professional self-development for medical university teachersdevelopment for medical university teachers

Lectures on professional Lectures on professional autonomy for young universityautonomy for young university teachers teachers

Special training programmes Special training programmes for medical university teachers for medical university teachers

should be implemented should be implemented to develop their professional autonomyto develop their professional autonomy

Choose useful websitesChoose useful websites and CD-ROMs through and CD-ROMs through evaluating their q their quality (multimedia content, feedback), content (suitable for professional, cultural context and students’ linguistic level), and functionality (i.e. if it may be also used for testing).

Be ready to supplement ready-made teaching Be ready to supplement ready-made teaching materials when necessary as well as to create new materials when necessary as well as to create new tasks and materials. tasks and materials.

Develop students’ analytical and predicting skills.Develop students’ analytical and predicting skills.

Try to use a multidisciplinary approachTry to use a multidisciplinary approach

Use different sources of information for developing Use different sources of information for developing teaching activitiesteaching activities

Developing professional autonomy: Developing professional autonomy: tips for university teacherstips for university teachers

Use the opportunities provided byUse the opportunities provided by real-life situationsreal-life situations Realize the students’ difficulties.Realize the students’ difficulties. Students process information differentlyStudents process information differently (Visual Learners, Auditory Learners, (Visual Learners, Auditory Learners,

Kinesthetic Learners)Kinesthetic Learners)

Think of the ways to overcome these difficultiesThink of the ways to overcome these difficulties choosing materials (textbooks, internet materials), aids, forms and choosing materials (textbooks, internet materials), aids, forms and methods of work, types and amount of the exercises, planning the sequence of actions, methods of work, types and amount of the exercises, planning the sequence of actions,

converting and combining activities.converting and combining activities.

Avoid imposing “popular” methods, stereotypes and Avoid imposing “popular” methods, stereotypes and behavioral clichés. Cbehavioral clichés. Combine different teaching methods, both traditional and innovative.

Arouse motivation in your students by means of using Arouse motivation in your students by means of using professionally-related tasks and your students’ interests.professionally-related tasks and your students’ interests.

Developing professional autonomy: Developing professional autonomy: tips for university teacherstips for university teachers

Try to understand advantages and disadvantages of different teaching methods.

Be able to choose the right method subject to a particular educational context.

Capitalize on your own strengths & minimize your weaknesses. Try to understand how students learn “best”, to promote optimal

learning. Communicate and share your experience with your

colleagues.

Developing professional autonomy: Developing professional autonomy: tips for university teacherstips for university teachers

Development of perceived teacher Development of perceived teacher professional autonomyprofessional autonomy

InformationInformation

InteractionInteraction

ResponsibilityResponsibility

OpportunitiesOpportunities

THE ROLE OF THE UNIVERSITY:THE ROLE OF THE UNIVERSITY:

Stimulating teachers’ self study, analytical, Stimulating teachers’ self study, analytical, project, and research activities through involving project, and research activities through involving them into professionally-oriented (including them into professionally-oriented (including international) communication for solution of international) communication for solution of educational problems.educational problems.

Medical University teacherMedical University teacher

Medical StudentMedical Student

Medical specialistMedical specialist - a new type of thinking;- a new type of thinking;- new attitude and motivations (transformation from - new attitude and motivations (transformation from external to internal locus of control);external to internal locus of control);- readiness to take a higher level of responsibility.- readiness to take a higher level of responsibility.

+ + ==

PERCEIVEDAUTONOMY

POVIDEDAUTONOMY

TRANSFORMATION OF TRANSFORMATION OF HIGHER MEDICALHIGHER MEDICAL

EDUCATIONEDUCATION

Thank you for your attention!Thank you for your attention!