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Progressivism: A reaction to the Industrial Age
Definition
Reform efforts aimed to: return control of gov’t to the people restore economic opportunity, and correct injustices in American life.
Goals: Protect social welfare Promote moral improvement Create economic reform Fostering efficiency
Social Reform
Settlement Houses Hull House- Jane Addams
Prohibition Temperance movement
Women Higher Education Suffrage Movement
Workers Set minimum age Limited work hours Provide workers
compensation
Economic Reform Muckrakers
Corruption and public life Interstate Commerce Act (ICA)
Prohibited railroad owners from high prices Interstate Commerce Commission (ICC)
Enforce the ICA Meat Inspection Act
Strict cleanliness requirements for meatpackers
Pure food and Drug Act Halted sale of contaminated foods and
medicines Conservation
Preservation of wilderness
The Jungle (1906) by Upton Sinclair
There would be meat that had tumbled out on the floor, in the dirt and sawdust, where the workers had tramped and spit uncounted billions of consumption [tuberculosis] germs. There would be meat stored in great piles in rooms;… and thousands of rats would race about on it… A man could run his hand over these piles of meat and sweep off handfuls of the dried dung of rats. These rats were nuisances and the packers would put poisoned bread out for them; they would die, and then rats, bread, and meat would go into the hoppers together.
Economic Reform
Clayton Anti-trust Act (1914) Sought to strengthen the Sherman Antitrust Act
(1890) and prohibited corporations from buying the stock of another
Legalized strikes, peaceful picketing, boycotts, and collection of strike benefits
Federal Trade Commission (FTC) Investigates violations of regulatory statues Reports from corporations Stopped unfair business practices
Economic Reform
Federal Reserve System Divided the nation into 12 districts National Banking system
Political Reform
Democracy was expanded Aimed to stop Political
machines and bosses 16th Amendment: Federal
income tax 17th Amendment: Senators
were directly elected 18th Amendment:
Prohibition 19th Amendment: Women’s
Suffrage
Political Reform
Reform in government Secret Ballot Initiative- bill originated
by people Referendum- voters
accept or reject initiative Recall- enable voters to
remove public officials