Defined: Fight to ban liquor from being sold, transported, or manufactured.

• Penalty’s for drinking

• 1893: Anti-Saloon League formed in Ohio by Wayne B. Wheeler consisting mostly of women.

• 1913: Anti-Saloon League planned

march on Washington demanding a

ban of alcohol.

• 1914: U.S entry into WWI “Made prohibition seem patriotic”

• 1916: 23 out of 43 states passed anti-saloon acts, prohibiting alcohol manufacture.

• Passed in 1919 when 80% of Congress approved.

• Stated: Illegal to manufacture, sell, or transport alcohol.

• Enforced the Volstead Act which allowed police to arrest people who violated the law.

• Beverages with more than .5% alcohol were considered intoxicating.

• Allowed to alcohol to be used for medical purposes only.

• Made amendment to stop people from drinking, but it made them drink more.

• Increased crime

People began to…• make bathtub gin-used stills • brewed homemade beer• fermented wine in their cellars• frequented saloons that served booze in tea

cups and coffee mugs.

The effects of the 18th Amendment…

Studies were shown that pointed liquor as a cause of…

•High crime rates

•Divorce

•Child neglect

•Low productivity

•Public health problems

•Declining church attendance

•Increased drug use

•Gambling

•Prostitution

•Loan sharking

•Created secret organizations

• Alcohol was smuggled from Canada, The Gulf of Mexico, and The East coast by cars, trucks, and boats.

• It was easy a profitable for all parties• Used hip flask filled with whiskey to drink in

public

• Bootleggers- Made illegal alcohol • Mafia’s-Different families that brewed their own

liquor or bought it illegally to sell to the Speakeasy’s and took in about 6 million dollars.

• Gangsters-Sold alcohol for high price to gain more money.

• “Blind Pigs” and Speakeasy’s were saloons that sold illegal alcohol

•Known as Cosa Nostra(Our Thing) in Italian.

•Refer to themselves as “men of honor.” Members are called Mafioso

•Organized secret society of criminals developed in Sicily in the 19th century and transferred to East Coast of U.S. when Italian Immigrants came to America.

•Mafia served as protection for the large orange and lemon estates surrounding the city of Palermo.

Gangsters, hit men of the Mafia, were given the duty of intimidating political voters

The Mafia paid corrupt government officials to get on their “good” side in hopes that the government would help them out when in trouble with the law.

Mafia also paid bribes to policemen.

Con s ig lie re

A ssoc ia tes

S o ld ie rs

C a po

A ssoc ia tes

S o ld ie rs

C a po

U nd erb o ss

B o ss

• 3 ways to become boss:– Previous boss dies of natural causes, in

which the 2nd in command, underboss, moves to the top

– After long prison sentences, a boss may step down for the sake of the family and himself, then a new leader is elected

– Form alliances with other family leaders to have the current boss killed and to elevate one’s self

• Settles Disputes• Dictator• Invest in legitimate businesses

Appointed by Boss

Second in command of the family

Underboss is first in line to become Acting Boss if the Boss is imprisoned

•Also Know As “Capo”

•Their duty is being in charge of the “Crew.” The number of crews in a family depend on the size of a family but there are usually 6 crews.

•Captains nominated by the Underboss and then the boss has the final say.

•They are expected to follow the limitations and guidelines created by the Boss

•Captains pay the boss part of their profits.

There are typically 10 soldiers in each “crew”.

Soldiers begin once they are associates who have proven themselves

When a spot opens, a Captain will recommend for an associate to become a member

The “crew” which a member belongs to depends on which Captain and Boss select them.

Offcicial "Made" members of the family can only be of Italian or Sicilian heritage.

•Not an offical member of the mafia

•Errand Boy, involved with dealing drugs

•Only Italian descended associates can further their title in the Mafia.

•The only thing lower than an associate is a citizen: no connection civilian

1925: Torrio gave Capone his business and made $60 million.

                                         

•Al Capone (Scarface)

•Johnny Torrio

•George “Bugs” Moran

•John Dillinger

•Bonnie and Clyde

•Also Known As “Scarface Al”

•Born in Brooklyn, New York, lived there until he moved to Chicago to get away from gangs of New York

•Chicago Crime Leader

•Heartless, Mindless Murderer

•Had half of Chicago Police on his payroll

•He had government leaders “in his pocket.” His gangsters also intimidated voters.

• February 1929• 7 men were found dead inside of a garage• Witnesses saw 2 “policemen” take them inside• 7 victims were mobsters working for “Bugs”

Moran• 2 costumed policemen were never found• Al Capone was a suspect

•St. Valentine’s Day Massacre

•Effort to kill Bugs Moran final leader of O’Banion Gang

•Seven of Moran’s men were killed when they were stopped by Capone’s hit men dressed as cops.

•The Men didn’t fight back because they thought it was a drug bust.

•Also Known As “Lucky Luciano.”

•Bootlegging Rackets in 1920

•Leading Member of Five Points Gang

•Luciano learned many of his ways from Costello.

•Believed old line Mafioso was the problem causing crime and they should be eliminated.

•Wanted to keep the Mafia alive because it gave him protection of wars with other ethnic groups.

•Deported to Italy and only allowed to return once dead.

•A group of people who try to convict Capone of not paying his taxes.

•Al Capone was “untouchable”, it was hard to convict him of any crime especially murder.

•Elliot Ness was the federal agent who was in control of convicting Capone.

• 1918- The Association Against the Prohibition Amendment

• 1933- 18th Amendment was repealed • December 5, 1933- 21st Amendment was ratified

-Repealed the 18th and allowed consumption of alcohol.

• Prohibition failed because it couldn’t be enforced

• http://www.historylearningsite.com.uk/prhibition_amd_the_gangsters.htm

• http://cvip.fresno.com/~jsh33/roar.html• Pendergast, Sara and Tom Pendergast. Bowling,

Beatniks, and Bell-Bottoms 1920’s-1930’s. GaleGroup:2002.

• http://www.digitalhistory.uh.edu/database/article_display.cfm?HHID=441

•Mafia Encyclopedia Second Edition by Carl Sifakis

•http://images.google.com/images

•http://www.carpenoctem.tv/mafia/luciano.html

•http://www.carpenoctem.tv/mafia/acapone.html

•http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mafia

•http://members.tripod.com/ofsted/mafia.jpg

•http://www.imdb.com