Project Presentation, Final2

8/6/2019 Project Presentation, Final2

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MAKERERE UNIVERSITY

COLLEGE OF ENGINEERING DESIGN,ART ANDTECHNOLOGY

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING

FINAL PROJECT PRESENTATION

TITLE: OPTIMISATION OF PHOTOVOLTAIC-DIESEL

HYBRID ELECTRIC ENERGY SYSTEMS

PROJECT PARTNERS:

� FELIX WEDUNGA 07/U/15945/PSA

� HILDA KATIITI 07/U/422

SUPERVISORS :

� DR.AL-MAS SENDEGEYA� MR.G.BAKKABULINDI



Presentation outline

� Background

� Problem statement

� Objectives� Methodology

� Results of Work done

� Technical/ Economic analysis� Conclusion



Background

� Currently, rural accessibility to national grid

electricity is 4.5% in Uganda(MEMD). This is even

lower world over.

� Rural electrification had been mainly stand-aloneGenset systems (relatively cheaper initially).

� Alternatives are:

a) Renewable energy sources e.g. solar systemsetc.

b) Hybrid system (RE+ Conventional energy

sources),better alternative.



Problem Statement

� Challenges with PV-Diesel Hybrid systems arenormally encountered during sizing of the systemscomponents (these include over sizing and undersizing).

� In Uganda the use of hybrid electric power systems isnot common and there is scanty information abouttheir use.

� Solution: To come up with a scientificapproach/concept that can be used to determineoptimal performance and utilization of a costeffective PV- Diesel Hybrid electric energy systems.



Objectives

Main Objective: To develop a model andsimulate the optimal performance andutilization of a cost effective PV-GensetHybrid systems.

Specific Objectives:

� To develop a load model� To develop the generation models (PV &

gensets), and the storage model.

� To model the energy balance.



Methodology



Daily Load Data [Najjera trading centre,Nakasongola district]

Appliance No. of appliance Usage period (h) Total power

(W)

Energy (Wh)

Light bulbs

40 W4×11 18-24 1,760 10,560

Security lights 40 W 2×11 19-6 880 9,680

TV set 60 W 1×6 10-15,18-24 360 3,960

Radio Cassette 18 W 1×6 6-10 108 432

Fridge 110 W 1×11 24hrs 1,210 29,040

Computer 150 W 1×1 10-17 150 1,050

Printer 60 W 1×1 1hr 60 60

GROSS POWER

4,528TOTAL ENERGY EL



Daily load profile for the month of January[ Najjera Village, Nakasongola District]



Solar Insolation (W/m2) for a

typical sunny day

Source: CREEC, Makerere University



PV-Genset hybrid configuration and

sizing

Parallel hybrid system

System was designed toprovide about 4.5 kW perday.

�PV array size: 8.8 kW(60,12V,150 Wp)

�Battery bank size:16,800Ah (93,12V,180Ah)

�Diesel generator size; 2 kW

�Inverter size; 12/230 Vac, 3kW



System Operation

case Operational conditions Controller operation

1. PPV > PLref Safely charge the battery

2. PPV < PLref Safely discharge the battery.

switch on diesel generator if the

battery power is not sufficient.

3. PPV < PLref

and

PB = PD = 0

Loss of load condition



System design in Matlab/Simulink

SW

control

PV array

DC/DC

converter

Battery

Bank

Inverter

DieselGenerator

AC Loads



Simulation resultsA plot of PV power, Load power, Genset power, excess electricity and Battery

state of charge

Legend:

�Blue: Load curve

�Yellow: PV generation

�Black: Genset power

�Brown: Excess electricity

�Light blue: Battery state of

charge



Economic Analysis

� The analysis considered the following:a) Net Present Value (NPV) =Present Worth (income) Life

Cycle Cost .

b) Net Present Cost (NPC) = the amount that would be

required at present to acquire the same equipment.

c) Cost of Energy (COE): costs of unit production of energy($/kWh)



Comparison of the different technologies

� This was based on the simulation results for the different configurations usingHOMER software.

� A new sizing for the PV systems was also done and used in the simulation.

System

Configuration

Size

(kW)

Initial

capital

($)

Operating

cost ($/yr)

Total

NPC ($)

COE

($/kWh)

Diesel (L) Operating

time (hr/yr)

PV-Genset 10.84 164,332 2349 194,362 3.045 465 1134

PV- Alone 10.956

4

174,451 204 177.063 2.774

Genset-Alone 5 65,472 21,551 340.968 5.342 8,981 8760

Conversion basis:� 1 USD = Ushs. 2387

�1 Ltr.of diesel = USD 1.382

Deductions:

� Basing on the above comparison, a stand-alone PV system would be a good option for rural electrification purpose

since it has the lowest COE.

�However, we would recommend a PV-Genset Hybrid option for the same purpose to increase system reliability.



Conclusions

� By carrying out proper sizing of the hybrid

system components, and proper energy flow

management, optimal performance was

achieved.

� Therefore, a PV-diesel hybrid system could be

a cheaper option for rural electrification in

Uganda.



Lessons learnt

� The value of team work.

� Further enlightenment on optimization of

hybrid energy systems.� Better use of Matlab/Simulink and Homer

software.

� How to carry out research studies efficiently.



TH ANK YOU

Documents

Project Presentation, Final2