Propaganda, Revolution, Independence

8/4/2019 Propaganda, Revolution, Independence

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PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT: Began in 1872

Not a radical movement nor independence but a peacefulcampaign for reforms such as:o Equality of Filipinos and SpaniardsoAssimilation of the Philippines as a regular province of

Spain

o Restoration of Philippine representation in the Spanish

Corteso Secularization of Philippine Parishes

o Individual Liberties for the Filipino people (freedom ofspeech/press/redress of grievances)


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PROPAGANDA MOVEMENT: Began in 1872

Not a radical movement but a peaceful campaign forreforms such as:o Equality of Filipinos and SpaniardsoAssimilation of the Philippines as a regular province of

Spain

o Restoration of Philippine representation in the Spanish

Corteso Secularization of Philippine Parishes

o Individual Liberties for the Filipino people (freedom ofspeech/press/redress of grievances)


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MARCELO H. DEL PILAR lawyer and journalist from Bulacan

During Pintakasi (cockfighting day) he spoke out to

the crowd by satirizing corrupt officials and friars. Sought to reach people through his pen.

wrote anti-friar pamphlets in simple yet forcefulTagalog.

helped established the first bilingual newspaper,Diaryong Tagalog

He became the editor in the Tagalog section.


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MARCELO H. DEL PILAR Released Dasalan at Tocsohan - manual of anti-clerical

commentary in the format of a novena

His stay in the country became dangerous. house was burned mysteriously

left the country in October 1888 to escapepersecution.


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GRACIANO LOPEZ-JAENA He wrote Fray Botod/Friar fatbelly in 1874.

Looked like hungry mosquito and soon became stout

because of the stocks taken from people. Because of his anti-clerical literature, he moved

Madrid where he joined other Filipino expatriates intojournalism.


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JOSE P. RIZAL Calamba, Laguna

1882, he went to Madrid to study medicine

Socio-historical novel Noli Me tangere in 1887. Noli reflected the defects of the Spanish rule in the

Philippines, particularly the abuses of the friars.

The impact of the reading in the Philippines was so

intense that it was prohibited in the Philippines.


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Other great Filipino reformist: Perdo A. Paterno, lawyer

Antonio Luna, pharmacist and essayist

Pedro Serrano Laktaw, teacher-tutor of Prince Alfonso Isabelo de los Reyes, folklorist and newspaperman

Juan Luna, painter (spoliarium)

Felix Resurreccion Hidalgo, painter


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La Solidaridad Sol/newspaper/feb. 15, 1889

Solidarity/purely Filipino organization

Established in Barcelona on December 31,1888. To make known the objectives of the Propaganda.

printed in Barcelona from Feb to Oct 1889


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sol contributors M.H. Del Pilar - Plaridel

Rizal Dimas Alang, Laong Laan

Mariano Ponce Naning, Kalipulako, TigbalangAntonio Luna Taga-Ilog

Ferdinand Blumentritt

Miguel Morayta Rizals professor in University ofMadrid


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THE AIMS OF LA SOLIDARIDAD To collect, gather libertarian ideas which are manifested daily in the

field of politics, science, art, literature, commerce, agriculture, and

industry.

To discuss all problems relating to the general interest of the nation

To seek solutions to those problems in high-level and democratic

manner.DEL PILAR:

The removal of the friars and the secularization of the parishes.

Active participation in the affairs of the government.

Freedom of speech, of the press, and of the assembly

A wider social and political freedom

Equality before the law

Assimilation


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MASONRYHelped them in their fight for reforms

Revolucion 1st Filipino Masonic lodge

founded by Jaena in Barcelona.wanted reforms, representation in the

Spanish Cortes


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La Liga Filipina Founded by Rizal on July 30, 1892 at the residence of

Doroteo Ongjunco in Ilaya, Tondo, Manila.

Sort of a mutual aid and self-help society, dispensingscholarship funds and legal aids, loaning capital andsetting up cooperatives.

Unus Instar Omnium (one like all)

Served as an avowal of their ideals.


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Objectives: Unification of the whole archipelago into one compact

Vigorous and homogenous body

Protection in cases of want and necessity Defense against violence and injustices

Encouragement of instruction, agriculture andcommerce

Study and implementation of reforms


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This situation alarmed the Spanishauthority.

July 6, 1892 - Rizal was secretly arrested byorder of Governor General Despujol;subsequently imprisoned at Fort Santiago;

deported to Dapitan, Zamboanga del Norte for

his allegedly subversive material the next day.


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KALAYAAN served as mouthpieceof the association

RED FLAG with 3 Ks has been adopted.

AUGUST 26, 1896 Bonifacio ended astormy meeting by tearing his cedula into

pieces before his followers.


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REVOLUTIONARY MOVEMENT:o First Phase: Ended with the PACT OF BIAK NA BATO

signed on Dec. 14, 1897.

o Rivalry between Bonifacio and Aguinaldo came to a head

oAguinaldo was elected President while Bonifacio waschosen as Minister of the Interior.

oWhen Bonifacio summoned another meeting, theAguinaldo group ignored.

oMAY 10, 1897 Bonifacio and his brother was takento the top of Mt. Buntis where Lazaro Makapagal wasordered by Mariano Noriel to shoot them both.


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PHILIPPINE INDEPENDENCE:

May 21, 1898 HOUR OF LIBERATION as Aguinaldocalled up the Filipinos to rise in arms

Three days later, Aguinaldo assumed DICTATORIAL

POWERS.JUNE 12, 1898 Dictator aguinaldo proclaimed the

independence of a new Philippine Republic with its ownflag (sewn by Mrs. FELIPE AGONCILLO) and its own

national anthem (composed by JULIAN FELIPE).

August 1, 1898 Promulgated the ACT OFINDEPENDECE

Documents

Propaganda, Revolution, Independence