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Proportional Systems in the History of ArchitectureA Critical Reconsideration
Edited by Matthew A. Cohen and Maarten Delbeke
LEIDEN UNIVERSITY PRESS
Reprint from “Proportional Systems in the History of Architecture” – ISBN 9789087282776 - © Leiden University Press, 2018
Cover design: Suzan BeijerCover image: Jacob Lois, Proportional System of Schielandshuis, from his manuscript Oude en ware beschrijving van Schieland, 1672, coll. Gemeentearchief Rotterdam.Layout: Friedemann VervoortISBN 978 90 8728 277 6e-ISBN 978 94 0060 287 8 (e-pdf)e-ISBN 978 94 0060 288 5 (e-pub)NUR 648
©Matthew A. Cohen and Maarten Delbeke / Leiden University Press, 2018
All rights reserved. Without limiting the rights under copyright reserved above, no part of this book may be reproduced, stored in or introduced into a retrieval system, or transmitted, in any form or by any means (electronic, mechanical, photocopying, recording or otherwise) without the written permission of both the copyright owner and the authors of the book.
This book is distributed in North America by the University of Chicago Press (www.press.uchicago.edu).
Reprint from “Proportional Systems in the History of Architecture” – ISBN 9789087282776 - © Leiden University Press, 2018
Contents
Acknowledgements 9
Part I Introduction
1 Two Kinds of ProportionMatthew A. Cohen 13
Part II Thinking and Seeing Proportion
2 Canons of Proportion and the Laws of Nature: Observations on a Permanent and Unresolved Conflict
Mario Curti 61
3 The Composto Ordinato of Michelangelo’s Biblioteca Laurenziana: Proportion or Anthropomorphy?
Caroline van Eck 71
4 Subjective Proportions: 18th-Century Interpretations of Paestum’s “Disproportion”
Sigrid de Jong 91
5 Were Early Modern Architects Neoplatonists? The Case of François Blondel
Anthony Gerbino 113
6 Plotting Gothic: A Paradox
Stephen Murray 129
7 To Build Proportions in Time, or Tie Knots in Space? A Reassessment of the Renaissance Turn in Architectural Proportions
Marvin Trachtenberg 147
Reprint from “Proportional Systems in the History of Architecture” – ISBN 9789087282776 - © Leiden University Press, 2018
Part III Designing with Proportion
8 1, 2, 3, 6: Early Gothic Architecture and Perfect NumbersElizabeth den Hartog 161
9 Proportion and Building Material or Theory versus Practice in the Determination of the Module
Lex Bosman 183
10 Approaches to Architectural Proportion and the “Poor old Parthenon”
Mark Wilson Jones 199
11 Scamozzi’s Orders and Proportions: An End to Illusions or a Visionary Harbinger?
Franco Barbieri 233
12 Early Modern Netherlandish Artists on Proportion in Architecture or “de questien der Simmetrien met redene der Geometrien”
Krista De Jonge 249
13 Proportional Design Systems in 17th-Century HollandKonrad Ottenheym 277
14 The Matrix Regained: Reflections on the Use of the Grid in the Architectural Theories of Nicolaus Goldmann and Jean-Nicolas-Louis Durand
Jeroen Goudeau 295
15 Dynamic Unfolding and the Conventions of Procedure: Geometric Proportioning Strategies in Gothic Architectural Design
Robert Bork 317
Part IV New Approaches to Well-Known Sources
16 Divining Proportions in the Information Age Andrew Tallon 347
17 Decoding the Pantheon Columns Gerd Graßhoff and Christian Berndt 361
Reprint from “Proportional Systems in the History of Architecture” – ISBN 9789087282776 - © Leiden University Press, 2018
18 Leonardo da Vinci: The Proportions of the Drawings of Sacred Buildings in Ms. B, Institut de France
Francesco P. Di Teodoro 381
19 Philibert de L’Orme’s Divine Proportions and the Composition of the Premier tome de l’architecture
Sara Galletti 397
20 An old problem? Claude Perrault’s Views on Beauty and Proportion in Architecture and French Aesthetic Theory
Maarten Delbeke 415
Part V Twentieth-Century Perspectives
21 Le Corbusier’s Modulor and the Debate on Proportion in FranceJean-Louis Cohen 437
22 Between Looking and Making: Unravelling Dom Hans van der Laan’s Plastic Number
Caroline Voet 463
23 Rudolph Wittkower versus Le Corbusier: A Matter of Proportion
Francesco Benelli 493
24 Proportional Systems in the History of Architecture: A Conversation with James S. Ackerman
Conducted and edited by Matthew A. Cohen 511
Part VI Conclusion
25 Ten Principles for the Study of Proportional Systems in the History of Architecture
Matthew A. Cohen 525
Index 551
Reprint from “Proportional Systems in the History of Architecture” – ISBN 9789087282776 - © Leiden University Press, 2018