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PROSES REVERSE ENGINEERING

MENGGUNAKAN LASER OPTICAL SCANNER

TESIS

Diajukan Kepada

Program Studi Magister Teknik Mesin Sekolah Pasca Sarjana

Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta Untuk Memenuhi Syarat

Guna Memperoleh Gelar Magister Teknik Dalam Ilmu Teknik Mesin

Oleh :

Yudha Rahman Awallu

U 100 140 012

PROGRAM STUDI MAGISTER TEKNIK MESIN

SEKOLAH PASCASARJANA

UNIVERSITAS MUHAMMADIYAH SURAKARTA

2017

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PROSES REVERSE ENGINEERING MENGGUNAKAN OPTICAL LASER SCANNER

Yudha Rahman1, Marwan Effendy

2, Yu Zhangyong

3, Agus Dwi Anggono

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Jurusan Teknik Mesin Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta Kampus UMS Pabelan Tromol Pos I Surakarta, Indonesia, 67102

Yudha.rahman16.yr@gmail.com

Abstrak Kemajuan teknologi mendorong sistem prototyping engineering berkembang dengan pesat seiring

kebutuhan produksi yang sangat cepat. Penelitian dilakukan bertujuan mendapatkan hasil dari metode reverse engineering yang saat ini banyak dilakukan. Reverse Engineering yaitu proses pendesainan ulang

sebuah produk dengan melakukan pemindaian ulang pada benda kerja nyata. Pada penelitian ini

dilakukan menggunakan Optical Laser Scanner yaitu untouch scanner yang kemudian dipindahkan

kedalam komputasi, tahap awal file akan berupa mesh clouds yaitu titik-titik awan yang membentuk berupa benda kerja itu sendiri, titik awan ini memiliki kepadatan yang sama antara satu titik dan titik

yang lainnya, kemudian direkayasa menjadi bentuk desain yang solid dengan permukaan yang sudah

berbentuk sempurna. Pada tahap akhir desain disimulasikan kedalam CNC simulation menggunakan perangkat lunak pada komputasi. Hasil dari penggunaan laser optical scanner menunjukan adanya

deviasi selisih ukuran model benda kerja 1 (-0.84)mm – (0.396mm), model benda kerja 2 (-4)mm –

(1.77)mm, model benda kerja 3 (-2.8)mm – (2.71)mm.

Kata kunci : Reverse Engineering, Scanner, CAD, mesh clouds.

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1 Mahasiswa Magister Teknik Mesin Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta 2,4 Dosen Teknik Mesin Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta 3 Dosen Teknik Mesin Wuxi Institute of Technology

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PROCESS OF REVERSE ENGINEERING

BY USING OPTICAL LASER SCANNER

Yudha Rahman1, Marwan Effendy2, Yu Zhangyong3, Agus Dwi Anggono4

Mechanical Engineering Program of Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta

Kampus UMS Pabelan Tromol Pos I Surakarta, Indonesia, 67102

Yudha.rahman16.yr@gmail.com

Abstract

Reverse Engineering is a process of product re-design by re-scanning the real workpiece. The

scanning process can be done in various ways i.e. touch scanner and untouch scanner, in this

research the scanner process is using Optical Laser Scanner, it is untouch scanner which is

transferred into computation, the initial stage of the file will be in the form of mesh clouds i.e.

point clouds in the shape of the workpiece itself, point clouds have the same density between one

point and the other point, then it is engineered into a solid form of design with a perfectly shaped

surface. In the final stage the design will be simulated into CNC simulation using software on

computing tool. The execution is a computing design that uses several software. The results of

usindg the optical scanner laser shows the difference of model size 1 -0.84mm - + 0.396mm,

model 2 -4mm - + 1.77mm, model 3 -2.8mm - + 2.71mm.

Keywords: Reverse Engineering, Scanner, CAD, mesh clouds.

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1 Mahasiswa Magister Teknik Mesin Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta 2,4 Dosen Teknik Mesin Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta 3 Dosen Teknik Mesin Wuxi Institute of Technology

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Daftar Isi

Cover i

Catatan pembimbing ii

Halaman persetujuan iv

Halaman Pengesahan v

Pernyataan vi

Abstrak vii

Kata Pengantar ix

Daftar Isi x

Gambar xii

Tabel xiv

Bab I Pendahuluan .................................................................................................................... 1

1.1 Latar Belakang Penelitian ........................................................................................... 1

1.2 Permasalahan .............................................................................................................. 5

1.3 Perumusan Masalah .................................................................................................... 6

1.4 Tujuan Penelitian ........................................................................................................ 6

1.5 Hipotesis Penelitian..................................................................................................... 7

1.6 Sistematika Penelitian ................................................................................................. 8

Bab II Studi Literatur .............................................................................................................. 10

2.1 Reverse Engineering ................................................................................................. 10

2.1.1 Pemindaian (Scanning) ..................................................................................... 13

2.1.2 Pengolahan titik (point processing) ................................................................... 16

2.1.3 Pengembangan geometris benda (Geometric model) ......................................... 17

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2.2 3D laser foto ............................................................................................................. 19

2.2.1 pixel pada alat pemindaian (optical scanner) ..................................................... 22

2.3 Computer Aided Design (CAD) Reverse engineering................................................. 23

Bab III Metodologi Penelitian ................................................................................................. 27

3.1 Tempat dan Waktu .................................................................................................... 27

3.2 Ruang lingkup ........................................................................................................... 29

3.3 Parameter Penelitian ................................................................................................. 29

3.3.1 Pengambilan data objek (Scanning).................................................................... 29

3.3.2 Proses pembentukan point clouds (CAD) ........................................................... 32

3.3.3 Deviasi............................................................................................................... 35

3.3.4 Metode pengukuran 35

3.3.4 Simulasi CNC 36

3.4 Diagram Alir ............................................................................................................. 37

3.5 Teknik Pengumpulan Data dan Pengolahan Data....................................................... 38

Bab IV Hasil Penelitian dan Pembahasan ................................................................................ 40

4.1 Pemindaian (Scanning) ............................................................................................. 40

4.2 Proses 3D model (CAD) ........................................................................................... 42

4.3 Simulasi CNC proses ................................................................................................ 44

4.4 Deviasi ...................................................................................................................... 46

4.5.1 Bentuk benda segi empat.................................................................................... 47

4.5.2 Bentuk benda sprayer ........................................................................................ 49

4.5.3 Bentuk benda sprayer 2 ...................................................................................... 52

BAB V Kesimpulan dan Saran ................................................................................................ 53

5.1 Kesimpulan ............................................................................................................... 53

5.2 Saran ......................................................................................................................... 54

Daftar Pustaka ......................................................................................................................... 55

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Daftar Gambar

Gambar 2. 1 Proses transfer model reverse engineering ......................................... 11

Gambar 2. 2 Alur kerja reverse engineering ............................................................ 12

Gambar 2. 3 Alat pemindain dengan sentuhan ........................................................ 14

Gambar 2. 4 Pemindaian dengan laser ..................................................................... 15

Gambar 2. 5 Hasil pemindaian titik-titik awan (Point Clouds) ................................. 17

Gambar 2. 6 Point Clouds benda ............................................................................. 18

Gambar 2. 7 Continous wave modulation ............................................................... 20

Gambar 2. 8 Time of light methods .......................................................................... 21

Gambar 2. 9 Structured light triangulatio ................................................................ 22

Gambar 2. 10 Bentuk mesh pada permukaan benda kerja RE .................................. 24

Gambar 2. 11 Proses surface fitting ......................................................................... 26

Gambar 3. 1 Alat pemindaian (Scanner) .................................................................. 30

Gambar 3. 2 Benda kerja dengan titik sensor pada meja kerja ................................. 32

Gambar 3. 3 Hasil pemindaian ................................................................................ 34

Gambar 3. 4 Alat ukur radius gauge dan jangka sorong .......................................... 36

Gambar 3. 5 Diagram alir proses reverse engineering ............................................. 38

Gambar 4. 1 Hasil pemindaian (Scanning) .............................................................. 42

Gambar 4. 2 Proses model solid dengan Geomagic Design ..................................... 43

Gambar 4. 3 Proses deviasi benda kerja................................................................... 44

Gambar 4. 4 Proses simulasi CNC........................................................................... 45

Gambar 4. 5 Hasil akhir proses cnc ......................................................................... 46

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Gambar 4. 6 Bentuk segi empat hasil pemindaian ................................................... 47

Gambar 4. 7 Grafik deviasi bentuk segi empat ........................................................ 48

Gambar 4. 8 Dimensi bentuk benda segi empat ....................................................... 48

Gambar 4. 9 Bentuk sprayer hasil akhir pemindaian ................................................ 49

Gambar 4. 10 Grafik deviasi bentuk benda sprayer.................................................. 50

Gambar 4. 11 Dimensi bentuk benda sprayer .......................................................... 50

Gambar 4. 12 Bentuk sprayer 2 hasil pemindaian .................................................... 51

Gambar 4. 13 Grafik deviasi bentuk sprayer 2 ......................................................... 52

Gambar 4. 14 Dimensi benda sprayer 2 ................................................................... 52

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Daftar Tabel

Tabel 3.1 Bagan waktu penelitian 28