Prototype BANs for Health Prototype BANs for Health Monitoring and Visually ImpairedMonitoring and Visually ImpairedMonitoring and Visually Impaired Monitoring and Visually Impaired

PeoplePeople

Huan-Bang LIHuan-Bang LI

Dependable Wireless Laboratory

National Institute of Information and Communications Technology (NICT)

1

Medical Expenditure Per Year in Japan

9 0

10.0 35 ％

7 0

8.0

9.0

25

30

YEN

ome

5 0

6.0

7.0

20

25

Percentage

billi

on, Y

e in

Inco

3 0

4.0

5.0 15

×10

00 b

cent

age

2.0

3.0

5

10 ×

Perc

0.0

1.0

0

Expenditure

1955 1965 1975 1985 1995 2007

2

Fiscal Year Source: MHLW

Expenditure Per Person Sorted in Ages

900

1000EN 700

800

900

0 14

1000

YE

500

600

700 0-1415-4445-64≧65Ｘ

1

300

400

500 ≧65≧70≧75

100

200

300

00 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 92000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007

Fi l Y

3

Source: MHLWFiscal Year

Observation

T t l di l dit i b f d d Total medical expenditure increases year by year for decades. Expenditure per person per year doesn’t increase obviously in

past ten years. p y Elder generation spends more on medical than young generation

The percentage of aging population is increasing. The population needs medical cares is increasing.

4

Needs For Medical BAN

In 2002, the major chronic diseases accounted for 43% of the globalaccounted for 43% of the global burden of disease and will reach 60% by 2020.

people 60 years of age and older is 650 million in 2007. By 2050, the y ,"greying" population is predicted to reach 2 billion.

Prevention costs less than treatment does. Automatic vital signal collection and monitoring is pointAutomatic vital signal collection and monitoring is point.

Medical BAN

5

Definition of Body Area Network

Wirelessheadphone

ECG

Wireless headphone

ECG

Sensors

Game ControllerBody temperature Game Controller

6

Organization of 802.15IEEE802.15

onWPAN

Group in operation SC WNG

Standardscompleted WPANoperation SC-WNG

Wireless next

generation

completed

Task Groups

802.15.1WPAN

802.15.3WPAN

802.15.6WBAN

B d

802.15.9Key

t

Study Groups Interest

802.15.4WPAN

p

based onBluetooth

High rate PHY

Body area network

management protocol • PAC

• PTC•C-MBAN

Groups• SRU• THZ

Low rate PHY

802.15.4e15.4 MAC

Enhancement

802.15.4fRFID

802.15.4gSUN

802.15.4m4 TV

•C-MBAN802.15.4jMBAN

802.15.4kLECIM

B N b 20117

By November 2011

NICT’s Main Works on BAN

BAN St d di tiBAN Standardization

To have a successful commercialization an international To have a successful commercialization, an international standard is a key.

NICT has been making a lot of major contributions for the standardization of IEEE 802 15 6the standardization of IEEE 802.15.6.

R & D for BAN TechnologyR & D for BAN Technology A good technology is necessary to provide high quality

medical and healthcare services.NICT i d l i BAN i b th b d d NICT is developing BAN using both narrow band and UWB technologies.

8

Main Contributors at TG6CasuhCEA-LETICNU

Mitsubishi Electric Research Labs USACNU

CSEMCUNYETRI

Labs, USA NICTNICTANIST

AsiaETRIFrance TelecomFujitsu Lab Europe

NISTOlympus, USAPhilips, USA USA

Europe

Fujitsu ltd.GE Global ResearchGE Healthcare

Philips, EUSamsungTensorcom

IMECInha UniversityKETI

Texas InstrumentThalesToumaz TechnologiesKETI

Korpa LG ElectronicsMeiji Univesity

Toumaz TechnologiesYokohama National UniversityZarlink Semiconductor

9

Meiji Univesity … …

Frequency Band Candidates

USAA t li

EU

USA608-614902-928

1395-1400Japan

420-430 EU

Australia Australia433.05-434.79

520-668EU

433.05-434.79

China

Japan

Korea

1395 14001427-1429.5440-450

Korea

Japan915-928863.0-870.0

USA402 405 520440 1427 2400 3100 10600

USA

o ea

420 1395 2500

MICS

450 1400 1429.5

UWB (MHz)

430 668

WMTSISMMICS UWB (MHz)ISM

10

Structure of IEEE 802.15.6

Draft 06IEEE 802.15.6Specifications

f C &Multiple PHYs Unified MAC &Security

Narrow-band PHY UWB PHY HBC PHY

11

Three Channel Access Modes

Channel access mode

Time reference-based(superframestructure) Beacon Notes

I Yes Yes

Coordinator sends beacon in each superframe except for p pinactive superframes.

II Yes NoCoordinator establishes time reference butII Yes No time reference but doesn’t send beacon.

III No NoThere is not time

III No No reference.

12

Priority Definition

Priority level Traffic designation Data typePriority level Traffic designation Data type

7 Emergency or medical event report Data

6 High priority medical data ornetwork control Data or management

5 Medical data or network control Data or management5 Medical data or network control Data or management4 Voice Data3 Video Data2 Excellent effort Data1 Best effort Data0 Background Data

13

Main Specifications of NB-PHYFrequency bands (MHz)

Modulations Data rates (kbps)

Number of channel NotesPLCP

header PSDU

402-405 π/2-DBPSK

π/2-DBPSK,π/4-DQPSKπ/8-D8PSK

75.9/151.8/303.6/455.4 10 Majority of

countries

420-450 GMSK GMSK 75.9/151.8/187.5 12 Japan

863-870 π/2-π/2-DBPSK,π/4-DQPSK 101.2/202.4/ 14 EU863-870 DBPSKπ/4-DQPSKπ/8-D8PSK 404.8/607.1 14 EU

902 928 π/2-π/2-DBPSK,π/4 DQPSK 101.2/202.4/ 60

NorthAmerica902-928 DBPSK

π/4-DQPSKπ/8-D8PSK 404.8/607.1 60 America,

Australia

950 958 π/2-π/2-DBPSK,

/4 DQPSK 101.2/202.4/ 16 J950-958 π/DBPSK

π/4-DQPSKπ/8-D8PSK

0 . / 0 . /404.8/607.1 16 Japan

2360-2400 π/2- π/2-DBPSK, 121.4/242.9/ 39 USA

14

2360 2400 DBPSK π/4-DQPSK 485.7/971.4 39 USA

2400-2483.5 π/2-DBPSK

π/2-DBPSK,π/4-DQPSK

121.4/242.9/485.7/971.4 79 Worldwide

Main Specifications of UWB-PHY

Mode Modulation Data rate (Mbps) Waveform(Mbps)

IR-UWB (I) OOK 0.49 – 15.6 Chirp pulse, chaotic pulse,chaotic pulse, SRRC-like pulse, or others.IR-UWB (II) DBPSK/DQPSK 0.49 – 15.6

FM-UWBContinuous-phase2FSK (sub carrier)

combined with FM≦0.25 Gaussian (default)

FM-UWB is an optional modeHigh QoS mode Hybrid Type II ARQ

15

Definition Of UWB

GSM:30KHz

+35 dBm/MHz

W-CDMA:Power 5MHz

+15 dBm/MHz

UWB: 500MHz ～ several GHz, - 41.3dBm/MHz

Frequency

16

Frequency

The Advantages of Using UWBUWB is inherently low power consumption. That is

favorable for BAN device to operate on small battery for a long period.

Because of the extremely low emission powerBecause of the extremely low emission power density, the effect to human body and organ is very low.

Because of the extremely low emission power density as well as the high frequency, the y g q y,transmission distance is limited and good for co-existence.

UWB can provide high precision ranging, that is desired in some applications.

17

pp

World Wide UWB Regulations

Europe

China

DAA

DAAAfter2010

DAA DAA

Japan

Europe

DAA

LDC DAA

DAAAfter2013

DAA

Korea DAALDC 7.2 GHz 10.2 GHz

2013

DAAAfter2010

USA

Low band High band

3.1G 3.4 G 4.2G 4.8G 6.0G 7.25G 8.5G 9G 10.25G 10.6G

18

Prototype BAN Using UWB Highband

Inner viewWrist-watch Type

To monitor

Pedant Type

ハブ

Fixed TypeBelt-attached Type

19

Prototype BAN Using UWB Highband

Wrist watch type Pendant typeWrist watch type Pendant type

Belt-attached type Fixed type

20

yp ed type

Specifications of High Band UWB

Items SpecificationsItems Specifications

Frequency band 7.25 – 10.25 GHz

Average e.i.r.p. ≤ -41.3 dBm/MHz

Peak e i r p ≤ 0 dBm/50MHzPeak e.i.r.p. ≤ 0 dBm/50MHz

Average unwanted radiation ≤ -70 dBm/MHz

Peak unwanted radiation ≤ -64 dBm/MHz

Pulse rate ~ 50 MppsPulse rate 50 Mpps

Communication range ~ 3m

21

Peak Power of UWB Signal

-28.29(dBm/3MHz)@ 8.36GHz

Calculation of Peak Power:

22

Overview of A High-band UWB BAN

23

Monitor of Various DataECG

CarotidPulse

Weight

Devicestatus

24Attitude

Three-dimensional

Acceleration data

Alarm Functions

F ll d l25

Fall-down alarm

World Wide UWB Regulations

Chi DAA

Europe

China

DAALDC

DAAAfter2010

DAA DAA

Japan

p

DAA

LDC

DAAAfter2013

Korea DAALDC 7.2 GHz 10.2 GHz

DAAAfter2010

3 1G 3 4 G 4 2G 4 8G 6 0G 7 25G 8 5G 9G 10 25G 10 6G

USA

Low band High band

3.1G 3.4 G 4.2G 4.8G 6.0G 7.25G 8.5G 9G 10.25G 10.6G

26

BAN For People With Visual Disability

27

Usage Of The Developed BAN

28

Conclusion Remarks

Body area network (BAN) is considered as an important technology in supporting automaticimportant technology in supporting automatic medical monitoring and healthcare agilenceservices as well as consumer centric electronics.A new standard, IEEE 802.15.6 is expected to be published in 1Q of 2012, which defines the specifications of both PHY and MAC for BANspecifications of both PHY and MAC for BAN. UWB is a technology with low consumption power and low emission power level that are favorable inand low emission power level, that are favorable in implementing BAN.Two prototype BANs developed by NICT wereTwo prototype BANs developed by NICT were introduced. More works need to do in order to provide better solutions.

30

Introduction of NICT

The sole National Research Institute of ICTJAPAN

31

JAPAN

Major Research & Development

Applied ElectromagneticTechnologiesTechnologies

R&D

Network Technologies

R&DTargets Advanced ICT

Network Technologies

Universal Communications T h l i

32

Technologies