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PSYC 1100: Intro to Psychology
Kurt PennerStanding in for Dr. Levente Orban
1. Introductions
2. Your Course Syllabus (still under minor revisions)
3. What is Psychology and how did it develop?
4. Introduction to the Brain
5. BRAIN LAB – active learning experience (in class)
Introducing...Dr. Levente Orban: Your Instructor
BBA Psyc KPUPhD from U. of OttawaEvolutionary Psychology, honeybees…In Transylvania now
Back in 2006…
And
You…1. Name2. Program and year at KPU3. Where do you commute from?4. Where did you grow up?5. Possible career interest(s)?6. What languages do you know?7. What is a favourite:
a. Hobbyb. TV Show c. Movied. Sport
COURSE SYLLABUS
1. Read a course syllabus carefully!2. How to contact Levente, office & hours3. The textbook, course website, Exams, Assignments, Bonus
Marks and Calendar of Topics and Readings
Other Notes:4. Student life, leadership & volunteer opportunities5. Student Support – Various Services at KPU
Any specific or syllabus questions: email Levente at [email protected]
Small group activity:Discuss strategies you have done or heard of that students use to manage their time/projects, and have more success at university.
Pick a strategy you will try out this semester.
How exactly will you attempt it, monitor, adjust?
What is Psychology?
Scientific Behavior
Mental Processes
Observable actionsAnswering questions objectively based on observable facts, data, and established methods
Thoughts, feelings, sensations, perceptions, motivations, dreams, subjective experiences
Today’s definition:The scientific study of behavior and mental processes
Roots of Psychology: PhilosophyAncient philosophers asked questions about human existence.
Aristotle (to 322 BC)
Philosophical empiricism, or the idea that all knowledge
is acquired through experience
Plato (to 347 BC)Nativism, or the idea that
certain kinds of knowledge are inborn or innate
Nature vs Nurture
Rene Descartes1596 – 1650
“The Father of Modern Philosophy”
Dualism: the idea that the mind and body are separate entities that
interact
Do you know Descartes’ most famous quote?Latin: Cogito Ergo SumEnglish: I think, therefore I am.A better translation: I am thinking, therefore I exist.
Foreshadowing
Psychology…
Roots of Psychology:
In the 1600s, physiologists begin to study the workings of the brain and its relation to behavior.
By the 1700s, physiologists find that specific bodily functions can be traced to specific brain areas.
What is “phrenology”?
PhysiologyThe branch of biology that studies the functions and parts of living organisms
Psychology: A Discipline Is Founded
Uses scientific methods to study psychological processes
Writes first psychology textbook (1874)
Establishes first psychology research laboratory at the University of Leipzig, Germany (1879)
“Structuralism”
Wilhelm Wundt
(1832-1920)Leipzig, Germany
Called himself a “Psychologist” – first one?
Early Schools of Psychology
FunctionalismAdvocated by William James and influenced by Darwin, functionalism focuses on how behaviors function to allow people and animals to adapt to their environment.
As a professor and philosopher, William James was influential in establishing psychology in the United States.
William James(1842-1910)
Charles Darwin(1809-1882)
New Schools:Psychoanalysis The Unconscious is
the part of the mind that operates outside of conscious awareness
Unconscious conflicts determine behavior and personality
Psychoanalytic TheoryUnconscious mental processes shape
feelings, thoughts, and behaviors
Sigmund Freud
1856-1939
Why do people do things “out of character?”
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=mLHr_S6_OX8 Just the first 30 seconds…
Freudian Slip Video
Ivan Pavlov (1849-1936)discovers conditioned reflexes (involuntary learning)
New Schools Develop:
Behaviorism
Psychology redefined as the scientific study of observable behavior
John Watson (1878-1958) extends approach to human behavior.
B. F. Skinner (1904-1990)further experiments on behavior, learning, and conditioning.
External environment affects our behavior
Learning from reward and punishment
“operant conditioning, behavior modification”
15
Behavioral / Learning Perspective
Pavlov
Watson
B.F. Skinner
https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=FMnhyGozLyE